中空纳米二氧化硅复合微球的制备及其对蛋白的亲和分离

利用水热法合成了中空巯基纳米二氧化硅微球(SiO₂-SH), 然后在其表面修饰亚氨基二乙酸基团(-IDA), 形成了中空SiO₂-SH/IDA双功能化纳米微球。利用该纳米微球表面的-SH和-IDA双功能团, 可以更多的吸附溶液中的Ni²⁺, 形成SiO₂-SH/IDA-Ni²⁺复合微球从而可以更好的分离以六聚组氨酸为标签的(His-tagged)蛋白。结果显示制备的样品对分离His-tagged蛋白具有广谱性, 并且具有较好的再生能力。     

微波辅助中空纤维液相微萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法同时快速测定牛奶中27种抗生素残留

采用微波辅助中空纤维液相微萃取的样品前处理方法,在一段中空纤维管内注入正辛醇-甲苯(1∶1,V/V)作为接受相,两端封口后浸入供相溶液进行萃取。在700 r/min连续磁力搅拌和间歇微波辐照下,12.67 min即可完成27种目标化合物同时萃取。建立了微波辅助中空纤维液相微萃取联用液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定牛奶中27种抗生素(9种喹诺酮、15种磺胺、3种大环内酯)痕量残留的方法。以基质标准曲线外标法定量,线性范围为0.2!5.0"g/kg,相关系数均大于0.99(n=3),定量限(LOQ,S/N=10)在0.036!0.568"g/kg范围内。以0.5、1.0和2.0"g/kg添加浓度水平进行方法验证,回收率为49.0%~115.0%,相对标准偏差为0.89%~21.1%。     

磁性SiO2/PSt中空复合微球的细乳液法制备及表征

采用双原位细乳液聚合工艺,将疏水改性的磁性纳米粒子(MNP)加入到细乳液反应体系的油相中,利用增长的聚合物和单体TEOS之间的相分离原理,实现了聚合物的生成和TEOS的水解缩合同步进行,一步获得了磁性SiO2/PSt中空复合微球.通过红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电镜(TEM)、热重差热分析(TGA/DSC)和振动磁强计(VSM)对中空复合微球进行了表征.结果表明,制备的SiO2/PSt中空复合微球的尺寸范围为300～600 nm,当加入磁性纳米粒子后,得到的磁性SiO2/PSt中空微球保持了原来的中空结构,中空复合微球内腔的大小可以通过改变单体TEOS的加入量来控制.SiO2/PSt中空微球对磁性纳米粒子的包封率达到了86%.磁性SiO2/PSt中空复合微球具有超顺磁性,饱和磁强度值为14.7 emu/g.     

支化侧链偶氮无规共聚物中空和类囊泡聚集体研究

研究了支化侧链型偶氮无规共聚物(PMAPB6P-AA)在THF/H2O混合溶液中的自组装行为.研究发现,通过缓慢增加体系的水含量,可以制备出具有中空结构的非球形聚集体.调节聚合物的初始浓度,可以得到不同粒径的聚集体.聚集体中偶氮生色团的光致异构化速率与异构化程度随聚合物初始浓度的增大而减小.在此基础上,采用更加缓慢的增加水含量的方法,使聚合物分子进行充分的疏水聚集与H-聚集,制备出类囊泡状聚集体.在紫外光照射条件下,观察到类囊泡聚集体发生了光致解聚集.     

Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of Ce,H3PW12O40 co-doped TiO2 Hollow Fibers

A series of Ce, H3PW12O40 co-doped TiO2 hollow fibers photocatalysts have been prepared by sol-gel method using ammonium ceric nitrate, H3PW12O40 and tetrabutyltitanate as precursors and cotton fibers as template, followed by calcination at 500 ℃ in N2 atmosphere for 2 h. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption mea- surements, and UV-Vis spectroscopy are employed to characterize the morphology, crystal structure, surface structure, and optical absorption properties of the samples. The photo- catalytic performance of the samples has been studied by photodegradation phenol in water under UV and visible light irradiation. The results show that the TiO2 fiber materials have hollow structures, and the co-doped TiO2 hollow fibers exhibit higher photocatalytic activities for the degradation of phenol than un-doped, single-doped TiO2 hollow fibers under UV and visible light. In addition, the recyclability of co-doped TiO2 fibers is also confirmed that the TiO2 fiber retains ca. 90% of its activity after being used four times. It is shown that the co-doped TiO2 fibers can be activated by visible light and may be potentially applied to the treatment of water contaminated by organic pollutants. The synergistic effect of Ce and H3PW12O40 co-doping plays an important role in improving the photocatalytic activity.     

多壳层中空镍钴双金属磷化物纳米球用于高效电催化析氧北大核心CSCD

析氧反应是金属-空气电池和电解水制氢等电化学系统中关键的反应,研究其高效稳定非贵金属电催化剂至关重要。本文以金属有机骨架化合物(MOF)作为前驱体,通过高温煅烧制备了具有多壳层中空结构的镍钴双金属磷化物(NiCo-P)。这种独特的结构有利于电解液的渗透,能够提供丰富的暴露活性位点和快速传质路径,同时,镍钴双金属具有协同作用促进电化学性能。结果表明,n(Ni)∶n(Co)=1∶10制备的NiCo-P-0.1催化剂在1.0 mol/L KOH电解液中表现出良好的催化活性和稳定性,在10 mA/cm^(2)电流密度的过电势为329 mV,具有良好的应用前景。本工作为高活性和高稳定性的电催化析氧催化剂的制备提供了一种全新途径。     

中空多壳层结构在电磁波领域中的应用

中空多壳层结构(HoMSs)是一种以纳米颗粒为结构单元构筑而成的具有多界面、 多维度的微纳米级宏观组装体, 具有次序排列的多个壳层及相互连通的多个空腔, 被认为是电磁波领域极具应用前景的功能材料. 本文主要从电磁波捕获、 传输及能量转换3个角度详细阐述HoMSs在电磁波领域应用中的独特优势, 浅析了HoMSs壳层数目、 壳层厚度、 壳层间距、 壳层组成等结构参数对电磁波传输与利用的影响规律, 并预测了HoMSs在电磁波领域的发展趋势, 以期为实现电磁波的高效利用提供参考.     

界面预湿处理对异质增强型PVDF中空纤维膜结构与性能的影响

以熔融纺丝聚氯乙烯(PVC)中空纤维多孔膜为增强体,聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为成膜聚合物,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为添加剂,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为溶剂,配置铸膜液,采用同心圆牵引-涂覆法制备了异质增强型PVDF中空纤维膜.制备过程中,采用预湿溶液对增强体基膜表面进行预处理,研究了预湿溶液组成及含量对异质增强型PVDF中空纤维膜结构与性能的影响.结果表明,未经预湿处理的异质增强型PVDF中空纤维膜具有较厚的致密界面层;预湿溶液可对基膜表面孔起到保护作用,使异质增强型PVDF中空纤维膜的界面层变薄或形成多孔界面层,有益于改善增强型PVDF中空纤维膜的通透性能;与二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)水溶液相比,以乙醇水溶液为预湿溶液所得异质增强型PVDF中空纤维膜的性能较优;当预湿液中乙醇含量为60 wt%时,所得增强型PVDF中空纤维膜的渗透性能较优,拉伸强度可达8.61 MPa.     

Fabrication of hollow silica microspheres utilizing a hydrothermal approach

Hollow silica microspheres(HSMSs) have been successfully fabricated via a facile hydrothermal route using D-glucose as the sacrificial template and sodium silicate powder as the silica precursor.The resulting silica hollow particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and infrared spectroscopy(IR).The surface area was determined using the BET method.SEM and TEM images exhibited micro-sized silica hollow particles with a size of ~1.5μm.     

Fabrication and Performance of a Low Operating Pressure Nanofiltration Poly（vinyl chloride） Hollow Fiber Membrane

A low operating pressure nanofiltration membrane is prepared by interfacial polymerization between m-phenylenediamine(MPDA) and trimesoyl chloride(TMC) using PVC hollow fiber membrane as supporting.A series of PVC nanofiltration membranes with different molecular weight cutoff(MWCO) can be obtained by controlling preparation conditions.Chemical and morphological characterization of the membrane surface was carried out by FTIR-ATR and SEM.MWCO was characterized by filtration experiments.The preparation conditions were investigated in detail.At the optimized conditions(40 min air-dried time,aqueous phase containing 0.5% MPDA,0.05% SDS and 0.6% acid absorbent,oil phase containing 0.3% TMC,and 1 min reaction time),under 0.3 MPa,water flux of the gained nanofiltration membrane reaches 17.8 L/m2·h,and the rejection rates of methyl orange and MgSO4 are more than 90% and 60%,respectively.