“薄膜即是界面，界面即是薄膜”：二维有机半导体晶体的研究进展

自首次于聚乙炔发现导电现象以来,具有共轭结构的有机半导体材料赖其种类丰富多样、 制备工艺简捷低耗、以及优异的机械柔性等特点,在“后硅时代”中有望以先进光电子设备展现 其广阔前景,因而多年来备受学界和产业界的瞩目。如何进一步阐明有机半导体中结构和性能之 间的关系,探索电荷载流子微观动力学行为,构筑高性能、新功能的有机光电子器件,是当下有 机电子学领域的前沿核心问题,也是保证其持续发展的基石。近年来,二维有机半导体晶体材料 在秉持高度有序的分子排列与极低的杂质缺陷浓度等优点的同时,更是以“薄膜即是界面、界面 即是薄膜”为一帜,克服传统体材料在研究与应用中的瓶颈,为揭示材料构性关系及其中基本物 理过程提供了良好的平台,也是实现多样化的新型有机光电子器件的理想材料,有望为微纳电子 领域带来新一轮变革。本文从二维有机半导体晶体的制备工艺、电荷载流子微观动力学行为,再 到新型器件的光电功能应用等方面,综述了最新研究进展,做出总结和展望,并提出目前面临的 挑战及未来研究方向,旨在为进一步深入理论研究,结合有机材料与先进技术,推动有机电子学 的发展提供有益帮助。     

ELIHKSIR Web Server: Evolutionary Links Inferred for Histidine Kinase Sensors Interacting with Response Regulators

Two-component systems (TCS) are signaling machinery that consist of a histidine kinases (HK) and response regulator (RR). When an environmental change is detected, the HK phosphorylates its cognate response regulator (RR). While cognate interactions were considered orthogonal, experimental evidence shows the prevalence of crosstalk interactions between non-cognate HK–RR pairs. Currently, crosstalk interactions have been demonstrated for TCS proteins in a limited number of organisms. By providing specificity predictions across entire TCS networks for a large variety of organisms, the ELIHKSIR web server assists users in identifying interactions for TCS proteins and their mutants. To generate specificity scores, a global probabilistic model was used to identify interfacial couplings and local fields from sequence information. These couplings and local fields were then used to construct Hamiltonian scores for positions with encoded specificity, resulting in the specificity score. These methods were applied to 6676 organisms available on the ELIHKSIR web server. Due to the ability to mutate proteins and display the resulting network changes, there are nearly endless combinations of TCS networks to analyze using ELIHKSIR. The functionality of ELIHKSIR allows users to perform a variety of TCS network analyses and visualizations to support TCS research efforts.     

凝胶改性基底微藻细胞黏附特性及热力学分析

为强化微藻生物膜成膜过程中藻细胞与基底黏附,同时解决藻细胞残留造成的基底重复利用性差的问题,用聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAAm)温缩型凝胶修饰基底。傅里叶红外光谱分析改性表面化学特性;结合微藻培养温度给出适宜藻细胞黏附的基底浸润特性;通过构建热力学模型,明晰温度对藻细胞与温缩型凝胶改性基底界面作用自由能的影响规律,结果表明,随温度从15℃升高到30℃,藻细胞与改性基底的界面作用自由能变从-39 mJ·m-2变化到-67 mJ·m-2,即黏附能力随温度升高而增强。黏附实验表明,随温度从15℃升高到30℃,温缩型凝胶改性基底的藻细胞黏附密度提高了50%,这与热力学模型预测结果吻合,说明该模型对分析温缩型凝胶改性基底藻细胞黏附有重要指导意义。     

凹槽叶顶冷气射流对涡轮叶尖泄漏流动的影响

涡轮叶尖泄漏流动对涡轮通道内流动损失有着显著影响,叶顶冷气射流对控制叶尖泄漏流动和改善涡轮叶尖气热性能有重要意义。本文利用数值模拟方法,研究了叶顶冷气喷射位置和喷射流量对高压涡轮凹槽叶顶间隙泄漏流动控制的影响。文中重点分析了泄漏流动结构及涡轮气动效率的变化,探讨了冷气对刮削涡这一间隙内主控流动结构演化的影响。研究表明,冷气孔位置的变化对间隙内刮削涡的演化造成了一定影响,但并未造成涡轮整体效率的较大变化;而冷气喷射流量不仅影响到刮削涡结构演化,而且导致了涡轮级效率近0.5%的变化。     

P213 BN: a novel large-cell boron nitride polymorph

A new boron nitride polymorph, P2₁3 BN (space group: P2₁3), is investigated by first-principles calculations, including its structural properties, stability, elastic properties, anisotropy and electronic properties. It is found that the new boron nitride polymorph P2₁3 BN is mechanically, dynamically and thermodynamically stable. The bulk modulus (B), shear modulus (G) and Young's modulus of P2₁3 BN are 91 GPa, 41 GPa and 107 GPa, respectively, all of which are larger than that of Y carbon and TY carbon. By comparing with c-BN, the Young's modulus, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio of P2₁3 BN show tiny anisotropy in the (001), (010), (100) and (111) planes. At the same time, in contrast with most boron nitride polymorphs, P2₁3 BN is a semiconductor material with a smaller band gap of 1.826 eV. The Debye temperature and the anisotropic sound velocities of P2₁3 BN are also investigated in this work.     

Complementary relation between quantum entanglement and entropic uncertainty

Quantum entanglement is regarded as one of the core concepts,which is used to describe the nonclassical correlation between subsystems,and entropic uncertainty relation plays a vital role in quantum precision measurement.It is well known that entanglement of formation can be expressed by von Neumann entropy of subsystems for arbitrary pure states.An interesting question is naturally raised:is there any intrinsic correlation between the entropic uncertainty relation and quantum entanglement?Or if the relation can be applied to estimate the entanglement.In this work,we focus on exploring the complementary relation between quantum entanglement and the entropic uncertainty relation.The results show that there exists an inequality relation between both of them for an arbitrary two-qubit system,and specifically the larger uncertainty will induce the weaker entanglement of the probed system,and vice versa.Besides,we use randomly generated states as illustrations to verify our results.Therefore,we claim that our observations might offer and support the validity of using the entropy uncertainty relation to estimate quantum entanglement.     

Simple and Sensitive Multi-components Detection Using Synthetic Nitrogen-doped Carbon Dots Based on Soluble Starch

Journal of Fluorescence - Although carbon dots (CDs) as fluorescent sensors have been widely exploited, multi-component detection using CDs without tedious surface modification is always a...     

垂直各向异性Ho3Fe5O12薄膜的外延生长与其异质结构的自旋输运

垂直磁各向异性稀土-铁-石榴石纳米薄膜在自旋电子学中具有重要应用前景.本文使用溅射方法在(111)取向掺杂钇钪的钆镓石榴石(Gd_0.63Y_2.37Sc₂Ga₃O₁₂,GYSGG)单晶衬底上外延生长了2—100 nm厚的钬铁石榴石(Ho₃Fe₅O₁₂,HoIG)薄膜,并进一步在HoIG上沉积了3 nm Pt薄膜.测量了室温下HoIG的磁各向异性和HoIG/Pt异质结构的自旋相关输运性质.结果显示,厚度薄至2 nm的HoIG薄膜(小于2个单胞层)在室温仍具有铁磁性,且由于外延应变,2—60 nm厚HoIG薄膜都具有很强的垂直磁各向异性,有效垂直各向异性场最大达350 mT;异质结构样品表现出非常可观的反常霍尔效应和“自旋霍尔/各向异性”磁电阻效应,前者在HoIG厚度小于4 nm时开始缓慢下降,而后者当HoIG厚度小于7 nm时急剧减小,说明相较于反常霍尔效应,磁电阻效应对HoIG的体磁性相对更加敏感;此外,自旋相关热电压随HoIG厚度减薄在整个厚度范围以指数方式下降,说明遵从热激化磁振子运动规律的自旋塞贝克效应是其主要贡献者.本文结果表明HoIG纳米薄膜具有可调控的垂直磁各向异性,厚度大于4 nm的HoIG/Pt异质结构具有高效的自旋界面交换作用,是自旋电子学应用发展的一个重要候选材料.     

ChemInform Abstract: A New n = 4 Layered Ruddlesden—Popper Phase K2.5Bi2.5Ti4O13 Showing Stoichiometric Hydration.

Polycrystalline K_2.5Bi_2.5Ti₄O₁₃ (I) is prepared by solid state reaction of KNO₃, Bi₂O₃, and TiO₂ (Al₂O₃ crucible, 750 °C, 16 h).     

Self-assembly and crystal structures of coordination polymers constructed by 4′-hydroxyisoflavone-3′-sulfonates with Cs(I) and Rb(I)

Four coordination polymers, [CsL1(H₂O)₂]·H₂O (1), [CsL2(H₂O)₂]·H₂O (2), [Rb₂(L2)₂(H₂O)₂]·2H₂O (3) and [RbL3(H₂O)] (4), were synthesized by Cs(I), Rb(I) and 4′-hydroxyisoflavone-3′-sulfonates L1–L3 [L1 = 7-methoxy-4′-hydroxyisoflavone-3′-sulfonate, L2 = 7-ethoxy-4′-hydroxyisoflavone-3′-sulfonate, L3 = 7-ethoxy-4′,5-dihydroxyisoflavone-3′-sulfonate]. The crystal structures of 1–4 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The influences of 4′-hydroxyisoflavone-3′-sulfonate ligands and Cs⁺, Rb⁺ on their structural features and self-assembly were investigated. The sulfonates of L1–L3 not only coordinate with Cs⁺ or Rb⁺ directly, but also bridge the organic region and the inorganic region in 1–4. Non-covalent interactions such as coordination interaction, π–π stacking interaction and hydrogen bonding assembled 1–4 into 3-D networks together with the electrostatic interactions between Cs⁺, Rb⁺ and the sulfonate anions.