Rear-surface light intensification caused by Hertzian-conical crack in 355-nm silica optics

Theoretical studies show that the Hertzian-conical crack can be considered to be composed of double cone faces for simplification. In the present study, the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method is employed to quantify the electric-field distribution within the subsurface in the presence of such a defect under the normal incidence irradiation. Both impurities (inside the crack) and the chemical etching have been investigated. The results show that the maximum electric field amplitude |E| _max is 9.57374 V/m when the relative dielectric constant of transparent impurity equals 8.5. And the near-field modulation will be improved if the crack filled with remainder polishing powders or water vapor/drops. Meanwhile, the laser-induced initial damage is moving to the glass-air surface. In the etched section, the magnitude of intensification is strongly dependent on the inclination angle θ. There will be a highest modulation when θ is around π /6, and the maximum value of |E| _max is 18.57314 V/m. When θ ranges from π /8 to π /4, the light intensity enhancement factor can easily be larger than 100, and the modulation follows a decreasing trend. On the other hand, the modulation curves become smooth when θ > π /4 or θ < π /8.     

Numerical simulation of the modulation to incident laser by the repaired damage site in a fused silica subsurface

One of the main factors of laser induced damage is the modulation to incident laser which is caused by the defect in the subsurface of the fused silica.In this work,the repaired damage site irradiated by CO 2 laser is simplified to a Gaussian rotation according to the corresponding experimental results.Then,the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method is employed to simulate the electric field intensity distribution in the vicinity of this kind of defect in fused silica front subsurface.The simulated results show that the modulation is notable,the E max is about 2.6 times the irradiated electric field intensity in the fused silica with the damage site (the width is 1.5 μm and depth is 2.3 μm) though the damage site is repaired by CO 2 laser.The phenomenon and the theoretical result of the annular laser enhancement existed on the rear surface are first verified effectively,which agrees well with the corresponding experimental results.The relations between the maximal electric field intensity in fused silica with defect depth and width are given respectively.Meanwhile,the corresponding physical mechanism is analysed theoretically in detail.     

可压缩边界层与混合层失稳结构的研究进展及其工程应用

本文回顾了可压缩边界层与混合层中失稳结构及其应用的研究进展. 这些工作包括人们对高超声速平板边界层失稳特性、高超声速圆锥边界层转捩攻角效应的产生机制和可压缩混合层失稳特性的研究认识,以及这些相关认识的3 个应用方向. 这些相关工作丰富了人们对高速流动转捩和湍流拟序结构的认识.     

牛奶中三聚氰胺的可见/近红外光谱快速判别分析方法的研究

为探讨基于可见一近红外光谱技术快速检测牛奶中是否含有三聚氰胺的可行性.文章通过往液态奶中添加不同含量的三聚氰胺,共制备样本160个.利用Handheld Field Spec光谱仪获取样本光谱,其后采用不同的预处理方法对光谱数据进行预处理,然后分别建立数学模型,比较模型的好坏,得到采用移动平均平滑作为数据的预处理方法较好.从160个样本中随机的取出120个样本建模,剩下的40个样本作为独立的验证集.采用偏最小二乘回归法(PLS)和最小二乘支持向苗机法(LS-SVM)方法分别建立判别分析模型,利用独立的验证集对判别模型进行了预测验证.预测结果的预测相关系数(R2)分别为0.917 4(PLS)和0.910 9(LS-SVM),预测标准误差(RMSEP)分别为0.030 4(PLS)和0.046 7(LS-SVM).研究结果表明近红外反射光谱可以作为一种快速检测牛奶中三聚氰胺的方法.     

滑块式六含八超高压实验装置及其压力温度标定

报道了一种新型六含八超高压实验装置.三柱式的机体框架与滑块式上三下三模具同为三次对称结构,在力学上较为合理.该装置加压时具有自动校准位置能力,同步性和重复性好.模具推动八块硬质合金压砧在叶腊石八面体中产生高压.分别采用Bi丝和ZnTe晶体的压致相变点255,77,96,12 GPa,对截角边长8 mm压砧和125 mm边长叶腊石块组合的实验体系进行了室温下的压力标定,结果表明压力可达12 GPa以上.在10 GPa压力下,用WRe3-WRe25热电偶将温度标定到1560 ℃,并结合铁碳二元相图和钢 关键词： 压力标定 温度标定 六含八多压砧模具 高压装置     

一种海水中溶解无机碳的准确简易测定方法

海水中的溶解无机碳(DIC)可占海水中总碳的95％以上,其准确测量是研究海洋碳循环的基础。目前测量DIC所使用的仪器较为昂贵、复杂,不适于外海调查。实验设计了一套密封的气提一吸收装置,并通过大量的实验建立了一种简便、快速的DIC现场测定方法,即取大约100～150mL海水,加10％H2PO4将其中的CO2释放出来,用0．1mol／LNaOH进行二级吸收,以酚酞和溴甲酚绿．甲基红混合指示剂指示终点,用HCl标准溶液滴定所吸收的CO2,计算DIC含量。经检验该方法具有较高的精密度和准确度,相对标准偏差为0．76％。用该方法测定了2003年6月取自胶州湾的水样,结果表明：胶州湾内表层水DIC平均为2066μmol／L,底层水为2075μmol／L;湾外表层水平均为1949μmol／L,底层水为2147μmol／L。     

化学史网络课程的开发与应用

使用Dreamweaver 4 .0、FrontPage 2 0 0 0等网络软件 ,完成了系统的化学史网络课程开发 ,并在此基础上进行了网络教学探索 ;介绍了化学史网络课程的设计思想、内容特色、网页特点以及化学史网络教学的经验     

PET与SAN/PAN复合膜界面的 FTIR-ATR研究

应用傅里叶衰减全反射红外光谱(FTIR-ATR)技术对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)表面形成不同厚度的超薄苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(SAN)和聚丙烯腈(PAN)的共混物膜及其SAN/PAN共混物膜的厚度、界面层PET亚甲基的构像变化等进行研究,结果表明PET表面共混物膜的厚度随共混物混合液中SAN含量的增加而增加,界面层成膜物质与基材的分子链段间发生了相互渗透和扩散,分子链的极性越相近,越容易成膜.对PET红外光谱吸收峰的A1340/A1410进行定量研究表明,在成膜过程中,PET分子链的亚甲基构像由反式向旁式转变,引起界面层PET的结晶度降低.FTIR-ATR是分析复合膜界面层结构信息的有效方法.     

猪饲料中甲硝唑、二甲硝咪唑药物含量的HPLC法测定

样品经氯仿提取后 ,用 Meta Chem Polaris 5μ C18- A柱分离 ,二极管阵列检测器紫外检测、外标法定量 ,高效液相色谱法同时测定猪饲料中甲硝唑、二甲硝咪唑含量。甲硝唑、二甲硝咪唑的检出限均为0 .4 0 mg/ kg,回收率分别大于 71%和 82 % ,RSD分别小于 5 .2 %和 6 .3%。     

E.Dinc的双除数因子-比光谱导数法的错误性

E .Dinc等人曾提出双除数因子 比光谱导数法 ,并应用于两种三元混合体系的同时测定。实际上 ,双除数因子 比光谱导数法是完全错误的 ,它不能成功应用于三元混合体系的同时测定。文章从理论上和实践上证明了E .Dinc方法的错误性。