加压条件下MgO/BaCO_3催化剂上甲烷氧化偶联反应性能及失活 Ⅰ.压力对催化剂表面结构的影响

考察了ＭｇＯ／ＢａＣＯ３催化剂上加压条件下甲烷氧化偶联反应的性能．结果表明，加压下甲烷转化率及Ｃ２选择性都明显下降，且当压力再恢复至常压后，其性能仍不能恢复，说明催化剂已经失活．ＸＲＤ谱表明，加压失活催化剂表面有部分ＭｇＣＯ３生成．但是，活性相ＭｇＯ部分碳酸化转变为ＭｇＣＯ３不是导致催化剂失活的主要原因，因为ＭｇＣＯ３的分解温度远低于反应温度，常压下其性能应当恢复．ＳＥＭ结果表明，加压失活催化剂的颗粒增大．ＸＰＳ表征结果表明，加压失活催化剂中的ＢａＣＯ３向表面富积，致使催化剂表面活性相ＭｇＯ的浓度和催化剂比表面积降低．根据以上结果可以认为，催化剂中的ＢａＣＯ３向表面富积的过程中会部分覆盖活性相ＭｇＯ，从而会使催化剂中ＭｇＯ与ＢａＣＯ３之间的协同作用遭到破坏，导致催化剂失活．     

声源作圆周运动时的多普勒效应

利用自制装置演示了声源作圆周运动的多普勒效应，并应用图谱分析软件得到频率分布图。     

有限个非扩张非自映像隐迭代格式的逼近

假设E为一致凸Banach空间,K为E的非空闭凸子集且为E的非扩张收缩,P为非扩张收缩映像.{Ti:i=1,2,…,N}:K→E为非扩张映像且F(T)=∩ from i=1 to N F(Ti)≠■.定义{xn}如下:x0∈K,xn=P(αnxn-1+(1-αn)TnP[βnxn-1+(1-βn)Tnxn]),n≥1,这里{αn},{βn}为[δ,1-δ]中的实序列,其中δ∈(0,1).若{Ti:i=1,2,…,N}满足条件(B),则{xn}强收敛于x*∈F(T).     

LaNi4．5Al0．5储氢合金固溶体的第一性原理分析

从第一性原理出发，基于广义梯度近似密度泛函和全势线性缎加平面波方法（FLAPW），对LaNi4．5Al0．5储氢合金固溶体相α-LaNi4．5Al0．5H0.5的晶体结构、电荷密度和态密度等特征进行了研究．对α-LaNi4．5Al0．5H0.5从能量角度计算得出H原子最可能占据6m格位，并给出了态密度（DOS）和电荷密度图，分析了H与Al之间的相互作用，以及H的加入对固溶体性质的影响。计算结果与实验值符合的相当好．     

高效液相色谱法测定咪唑立宾片的含量及有关物质

建立高效液相色谱法测定咪唑立宾片的含量及有关物质。采用Venusil HILIC色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以0.03%磷酸溶液-乙腈(体积比为10∶90)为流动相,流量为1.0 mL/min,有关物质检测波长为220 nm,含量测定波长为279 nm,柱温为25℃。结果表明,咪唑立宾质量浓度和色谱峰面积在1.5~500μg/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.999 9,平均回收率为99.9%,检出限为0.6μg/mL,定量限为1.5μg/mL。咪唑立宾与辅料和破坏实验产生的杂质峰均能达到良好的分离。所建立的方法专属性强、快速、灵敏,适用于测定咪唑立宾片的含量及有关物质。     

Neutron activation analysis of sources of raw material of Emperor Qin Shi Huang’s Terracotta warriors and horses

There have been selected 83 samples of terracotta warriors and horses of Emperor Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum, 20 samples of clays taken from around Qin's Mausoleum and 2 samples of Yaozhou porcelain bodies. All these samples have been measured by instrument neutron activation analysis (INAA) and as many as 32 kinds of element contents of each sample are measured. The following conclusion has been reached when fuzzy cluster analysis is conducted to element contents of all these samples: (i) The samples are roughly classified into five categories: namely, samples from pits No. 1 and No. 2; samples from pit No. 3; loam layers; the mixture of loam and loess; and Yaozhou porcelain bodies. (ii) The terracottawarriors and horses in pits No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 are relatively independent from one another. The clays from which they were made are not entirely identical.We have found that samples in pit No. 3 are very closely related and their claysources are comparatively concentrated. Samples in pits No. 1 and No. 2 are less related and their clay sources are comparatively scattered. (iii) The clays from which the terracotta warriors and horses were made are closely related to theloam layer near Qin's Mausoleum, particularly to the loam layer of Zaoyuan village and Gaoxing village, but they are not so related to loess layers there, nor to the loam layers of Anhoubao, even less related to Yaozhou porcelain bodies. Arational deduction thus drawn is that the raw material of clays from which the terracotta warriors and horses were made might probably be taken from loam layers around Zaoyuan and Gaoxing, or loam layers near Qin's Mausoleum whose properties are identical with those of loam layers of Zaoyuan and Gaoxing, rather than loess layers around the above places. Since the raw material of the terracotta warriors and horses was taken from loam near Qin's Mausoleum, it could be deductedthat the kiln sites might be located in around Qin's Mausoleum.     

用原位x射线小角散射研究块体非晶合金Zr55Cu30Al10 Ni5的结构弛豫

应用同步辐射x射线小角散射法在原位对块体非晶合金Zr₅₅Cu₃₀Al ₁₀Ni₅在等温退火过程中的微结构变化进行研究.实验表明：在等温退火过程中电子 密度涨落反映了晶化之前的结构弛豫过程；在一定的退火温度下、随退火时间的增加，拓扑短程序弛豫与化学短程序弛豫之间存在一个电子密度均匀化的过程；导致这两种弛豫过程转变的退火时间与退火温度有关，温度越高，所需的退火时间越短. 关键词： 原位x射线小角散射 块体非晶合金 等温退火 结构弛豫     

La2／3Ca1／3Mn1—xCuxOy系统磁阻同磁历史关系的实验研究

实验上研究了Ｃｕ掺杂的Ｌａ１／３Ｃａ１／３Ｍｎ１－ｘＣｕｘＯｙ单相样品液氦温度时的磁阻对磁场历史的依赖关系。结果表明，相对于其它掺杂的样品，ｘ＝０．１５样品的磁阻强烈的依赖于磁历史，体现在两个方面，一是磁阻曲线存在着非常明显的滞后效应；二是固定场下测得的电阻随时间的变化呈对数型关系。     

多阶平衡式Cockcroft-Walton电路的等效模型与输出特性

基于电路的输出效果,采用电荷转移原理阐述平衡式Cockcroft-Walton(C-W)倍压电路较为复杂的物理过程,将电路中二极管的非线性导通特性等效为周期性线性导通的数学解析模型,推导了表征其输出特性的纹波电压和带载输出电压的理论输出表达式。采用仿真软件对比了基本式和平衡式C-W电路的输出特性曲线,结果表明平衡式拓扑结构的纹波大小约为基本式拓扑结构的8%。同时建立的多阶平衡式C-W电路纹波电压理论模型计算值略低于电路软件仿真值,带载输出电压的理论模型计算值与仿真值的相对误差低于10%。     

光束三阶非线性效应的混沌理论研究

介质的三阶非线性性质会引起光场的非线性相移,而这类介质中当光强及介质的特性参数满足一定条件时,可以使光场的演化进入混沌的状态。从麦克斯韦方程组出发,推导了基于介质三阶非线性效应的麦克斯韦-布洛赫方程,并将其转化为归一化的洛伦兹方程形式。利用此方程,数值模拟了光场稳态及混沌态的演化过程。研究结果表明,三阶非线性介质中光场的演化可以进入混沌状态,这种状态对于控制材料中如自聚焦等有害的三阶非线性效应是不利的。