全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3016篇 |
免费 | 561篇 |
国内免费 | 327篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2449篇 |
晶体学 | 39篇 |
力学 | 164篇 |
综合类 | 20篇 |
数学 | 241篇 |
物理学 | 991篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 66篇 |
2022年 | 71篇 |
2021年 | 117篇 |
2020年 | 165篇 |
2019年 | 166篇 |
2018年 | 145篇 |
2017年 | 119篇 |
2016年 | 176篇 |
2015年 | 183篇 |
2014年 | 184篇 |
2013年 | 261篇 |
2012年 | 298篇 |
2011年 | 302篇 |
2010年 | 185篇 |
2009年 | 153篇 |
2008年 | 221篇 |
2007年 | 161篇 |
2006年 | 156篇 |
2005年 | 109篇 |
2004年 | 99篇 |
2003年 | 85篇 |
2002年 | 66篇 |
2001年 | 55篇 |
2000年 | 42篇 |
1999年 | 49篇 |
1998年 | 29篇 |
1997年 | 25篇 |
1996年 | 31篇 |
1995年 | 28篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 25篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3904条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
102.
Three novel Schiff base cadmium(II) complexes, derived from the end‐on (μ‐1,1‐N3) azide or end‐to‐end (μ‐1,3‐NCS) thio cyanate bridges and similar tridentate Schiff base ligands, have been synthesized under similar synthetic procedures and their crystal structures determined by X‐ray diffraction methods. They are the dinuclear double end‐on azide‐bridged [Cd2(L1)2(N3)2(μ‐1,1‐N3)2] ( 1 ), the dinuclear double end‐on azide‐bridged [Cd2(L2)2(N3)2(μ‐1,1‐N3)2] ( 2 ), and the dinuclear double end‐to‐end thiocyanate‐bridged [Cd2(L3)2(NCS)2(μ1,3‐NCS)2] ( 3 ), where L1, L2 and L3 are three similar tridentate Schiff bases obtained by condensation of 2‐pyridylaldehyde with N,N‐diethylethane‐1,2‐diamine, of 2‐pyridylaldehyde with N‐isopropylethane‐1,2‐diamine, and of 2‐pyridylaldehyde with N,N‐dimethylpropane‐1,3‐diamine, respectively. Each cadmium(II) centre in the complexes is in a distorted octahedral coordination. There is a crystallographic inversion centre in each of the complexes. The similar small ligands used as the secondary ligands in the preparation of the cadmium(II) complexes with similar Schiff bases can result in similar structures. 相似文献
103.
The generation of vinyl or aryl radicals under classical, thermal AIBN/n-Bu(3)SnH conditions at 80 degrees C in the presence of an excess of (MeO)(3)P gives rise to the corresponding vinyl- or arylphosphonates in good yields. This approach complements the photochemical reactions of the same systems previously used. Reactions with the individual stereoisomers of MeCH=CHMeBr (thermal AIBN/n-Bu(3)SnH conditions) afford a radical-equilibrated 96/4 E/Z ratio of vinylphosphonates. Substitution of (TMS)(3)SiH for n-Bu(3)SnH yields an approximately 1/1 ratio of separable E and Z vinylphosphonate diastereomers. 相似文献
104.
Three hexakis(imidazole)metallo complexes of Co, Cd and Ni were synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. The crystal and molecular structures have been determined by X-ray crystallography analysis. The metal ions have an octahedral geometry with the MN6 chromophore. The electrochemical experimental results indicate that both [Co(Im)6]C12·2HCl·2H2O (1) and [Ni(Im)6]C12·4H2O (3) [Im=imidazole] could interact with DNA mainly by intercalation. 相似文献
105.
微波辐射下LaNaY沸石的水热交换反应 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
报道微波辐射应用于NaY沸石与La(NO_3)_3溶液的离子交换反应,结果表明微波辐射可提高La ̄+的交换度,缩短交换时间。 相似文献
106.
羰基铑催化剂由于其加氢性能较弱,在羰基化反应的研究中,通常仅作为烯烃氢甲酰化制醛的催化剂。产物中得不到醇。本文则报道了以Rh_2(AcO)_4和Rh_6(CO)_16为催化剂,在一个反应器内进行烯烃氢甲酰化,加氢制醇的研究。系统考察了Rh/Pbu_3/EtOH催化体系受各种反应条件的影响。在最佳反应条件下,烯烃转化率达100%。对醇选择性亦在99.5%以上,正异构比在2以上.为烯烃一步制醇建立了铑系催化新体系。文中并利用红外光谱测定了反应过程的催化剂物种.实验证明,由烯烃一步制醇是由烯烃首先进行氢甲酰化反应,然后由生成的醛进一步加氢成醇的一个串联反应过程。前一步骤反应速度较快,2h内可使95%以上的烯烃转化为醛,后面由醛加氢成醇则进行缓慢,在100—120℃下,至少22h,才能使醛全部转化为醇。 相似文献
107.
A series of aryl pyrogallol[4]arenes were efficiently synthesized in excellent yields by cyclocondensation of pyrogallol with aromatic aldehydes under microwave irradiation. The structures of aryl pyrogallol[4]arenes were confirmed by characterization of their acylated derivatives. Under microwave irradiation, alkylation reactions of aryl pyrogallol[4]arenes with some alkylating reagents such as n-butyl iodide, benzyl chloride, and ethyl α-chloroacetate were also finished quickly to yield fully O-alkylated products. The 1H NMR spectra and crystal structures showed that the acylated and alkylated aryl pyrogallol[4]arenes existed mainly in rctt (cis-trans-trans) configuration. 相似文献
108.
Density functional theory calculations have been carried out on the CO/H2 coadsorption on the (001), (110), and (100) surfaces of Fe5C2 for the understanding of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) mechanism. The stable surface species changes with the variation of the H2 and CO coverage. Along with dissociated hydrogen and adsorbed CO in 2-, 3-, and 4-fold configurations, methylidyne (C(s)H) (C(s), surface carbon), ketenylidene (C(s)CO), ketenyl (C(s)HCO), ketene (C(s)H2CO), and carbon suboxide (C(s)C2O2) are computed as thermodynamically stable surface species on Fe5C2(001) and Fe5C2(110) containing both surface iron and carbon atoms. These surface carbon species can be considered as the preliminary stages for FTS. On Fe5C2(100) with only iron atoms on the surface layer, the stable surface species is dissociated hydrogen and CO with top and 2-fold configurations. The bonding nature of these adsorbed carbon species has been analyzed. 相似文献
109.
Xu Y Eilers G Borgström M Pan J Abrahamsson M Magnuson A Lomoth R Bergquist J Polívka T Sun L Sundström V Styring S Hammarström L Akermark B 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2005,11(24):7305-7314
To mimic the electron-donor side of photosystem II (PSII), three trinuclear ruthenium complexes (2, 2a, 2b) were synthesized. In these complexes, a mixed-valent dinuclear Ru2(II,III) moiety with one phenoxy and two acetato bridges is covalently linked to a Ru(II) tris-bipyridine photosensitizer. The properties and photoinduced electron/energy transfer of these complexes were studied. The results show that the Ru2(II,III) moieties in the complexes readily undergo reversible one-electron reduction and one-electron oxidation to give the Ru2(II,III) and Ru2(III,III) states, respectively. This could allow for photooxidation of the sensitizer part with an external acceptor and subsequent electron transfer from the dinuclear ruthenium moiety to regenerate the sensitizer. However, all trinuclear ruthenium complexes have a very short excited-state lifetime, in the range of a few nanoseconds to less than 100 ps. Studies by femtosecond time-resolved techniques suggest that a mixture of intramolecular energy and electron transfer between the dinuclear ruthenium moiety and the excited [Ru(bpy)3]2+ photosensitizer is responsible for the short lifetimes. This problem is overcome by anchoring the complexes with ester- or carboxyl-substituted bipyridine ligands (2a, 2b) to nanocrystalline TiO2, and the desired electron transfer from the excited state of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ moiety to the conduction band of TiO2 followed by intramolecular electron transfer from the dinuclear Ru2(II,III) moiety to photogenerated Ru(III) was observed. The resulting long-lived Ru2(III,III) state decays on the millisecond timescale. 相似文献
110.
Dan Su Dingsheng Yu Liping Hu Shuke Jiao 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1989,27(11):3769-3778
The effects of five ethers and four AliBu2OR's with varied R' on butadiene–propylene alternating copolymerization were investigated. It was found that by adding the proper third component, both the conversion and the catalytic efficiency could be increased. The effect of the third component on the valence state of vanadium ion was also studied. A model of the active center of the ternary-component catalyst system was proposed. 相似文献