水菱钇型碳酸钕的形成及聚甘油脂肪酸酯对结晶的影响

Amorphous Neodymium carbonate was prepared by the precipitation reaction of neodymium chloride with ammonium bicarbonate in solution, and then aged at 60 ℃ to form crystalline neodymium carbonate. The feed molar ratio of n_(NH4HCO3)/n_(NdCl3 was 2.5, and the precipitation was carried out with or without addition of polyglyceryl fatty acid ester (PGFAE). The phase type and morphology of crystalline neodymium carbonates were examined by XRD and SEM, and the effect of PGFAE on the crystallization speed was investigated by volume change in deposit layer and in situ pH determination. The content of neodymium and chloride in crystals was analyzed, and the crystallization reaction or crystal growth characteristics were discussed. It was found that all the crystalline neodymium carbonates were tengerite type, and contained less crystalline water and chloride than that of lanthanite type neodymium carbonate crystallized at room temperature, which is beneficial to the production of neodymium carbonate with higher neodymium and lower chloride content. The addition of PGFAE not only could eliminate the foam formed during precipitation, but also could shorten crystallization time, and form large radiative-like shape conglomeration by the irregulative linkage of one dimension needle crystals. It is also suggested that the morphology and the chloride content of neodymium carbonate were dependent on the structure and crystal growth characteristics.     

LaCoO3晶格结构内外Mg的同步改性及其光催化性能

运用溶胶-凝胶法同步获得了LaCoO_3钙钛矿晶格结构内Mg~(2+)的掺杂改性及晶格结构外MgO的异质结复合改性。观察到了同步改性后LaCoO_3催化剂上水体罗丹明B(RhB)光催化降解活性的显著提升,相同实验条件下最适Mg含量改性LaCoO_3上RhB的降解率从原始LaCoO_3的58%显著提升至98%,表观一级动力学常数为改性前催化剂的4.5倍。运用X射线衍射(XRD)、氮气低温吸附-脱附(BET法)、扫描及透射电子显微镜(SEM,TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见漫反射(DRS)及光致发光光谱(PL)等分析和表征系统探讨了改性前后催化剂的理化特征。结果表明,约10%Co~(3+)晶格结点可为Mg~(2+)掺杂取代而LaCoO_3钙钛矿结构基本保持不变,适量Mg~(2+)对Co~(3+)的掺杂取代可形成晶格畸变和杂质能级、衍生Co~(4+)及促进溶氧吸附从而有利于RhB的光催化降解,过量掺杂的Mg则可能成为光生载流子复合中心从而不利于RhB的去除。适量MgO异质结复合改性LaCoO_3一方面赋予复合催化剂较大表面积,利于RhB富集,也赋予丰富的表面羟基利于光生电子的捕获并衍生活性羟基自由基;另一方面还可能通过LaCoO_3与MgO异质结间电子的跃迁和流动以及晶格氧空位抑制光生载流子的复合,提高复合催化剂的光量子效率。     

分子束外延材料从基础研究到产业化

文章计概述了分子束外延技术和材料从实验室走向产业化的成功之路,为读者提供了一个了解高技术发展的全过程：由物理学家从理论上提出人工超晶格量子阱材料;再由器件物理学家制备出若干具有重要应用价值的器件与电路,如微波毫米波高电子迁移率晶体管及电路、量子阱激光器,从而促进了分子束外延技术的发展与完善。移动通信、移动互联肉、地面宽带无结通信、汽车防碰撞雷达、高效太阳能电池等对分子束外延材料的需求为其产业化带来     

GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs量子阱能级结构设计与光谱分析

通过理论计算对用于量子阱红外探测器的GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs量子阱能级结构进行模拟设计,将不同生长结构的量子阱材料的光响应谱和光致荧光谱(PL)与计算结果进行比较.说明量子阱生长结构与量子阱能级结构的关系.欲使量子阱红外探测器的响应峰值在8μm附近,则需量子阱结构中阱宽为47nm,垒中Al含量为029.理论计算与测试结果符合得较好. 关键词：     

石墨烯/AZO/SiC复合结构的近场辐射换热特性

由于倏逝波贡献,近场辐射换热可以远超黑体辐射定律给出的极限换热热流,对近场辐射换热的调控在近场热光伏及热管理方面有重要的应用前景。石墨烯是一种有潜力的可用于近场辐射换热调控的功能材料。本文研究了由石墨烯、铝掺杂氧化锌(aluminum-doped zinc-oxide,AZO)及SiC构成的多层复合薄膜的近场辐射换热特性。研究发现:"AZO薄膜+SiC基底"结构的频谱辐射热流在SiC的SPhP频域出现谷值,而"SiC薄膜+AZO基底"结构同时在两种表面极化激元的共振频率处出现峰值;覆盖单层石墨烯薄膜对"AZO薄膜+SiC基底"结构的近场辐射换热基本没有影响;而"石墨烯/SiC薄膜/AZO基底"结构却可以同时支持三种表面极化激元,并在调控石墨烯化学势到适当值时,可以有效增强近场换热。本研究有助于理解石墨烯对近场辐射换热的调控特性。     

基于新能源材料与器件专业的理论教学*——绝对电位和相对电位

为培养新能源材料与器件专业学生的科研与创新能力,以新能源热点前沿“电化学还原CO₂”作为切入点,引导学生明晰绝对电位和相对电位,掌握参比电极,揭示实际电位的意义,探索将基础理论教学与科研前沿相结合。融合专业研究前沿和基础理论能激发学生的专业兴趣,让学生重视科学严谨性和前沿性,为培养能用于新能源方向、具有综合素质的专门人才奠定基础。     

高速沉积本征微晶硅的优化及其在太阳电池中的应用

采用高压高功率的甚高频等离子体增强化学气相沉积（VHF-PECVD）技术高速（沉积速率约为1.2 nm/s）沉积了一系列不同厚度的本征微晶硅薄膜,并通过Raman谱和XRD谱的测试,研究了高速沉积时本征微晶硅薄膜的微结构演变特性及其对电池性能的影响.针对其微结构特性及高速沉积本身存在的离子轰击作用强的特点,提出了在沉积微晶硅薄膜过程中采用功率梯度的方法,达到有效地控制薄膜微结构变化的目的,并在一定功率梯度范围内降低了电子温度,提高了薄膜质量,从而使电池效率明显提高.最后在沉积速率为1.2 nm/s时,制备 关键词： 高速沉积 微晶硅薄膜 微结构演变 功率梯度     

Development of LC–MS method for analysis of paclitaxel-inhibited growth and enhanced therapeutic response in human glioblastoma cells

Glioma stem cells are considered responsible for drug resistance and glioma relapse resulting in poor prognosis in glioblastoma multiforme. SU3 glioma cell is a highly invasive glioma stem cell line from the patients with glioblastoma multifrome. It is of great significance to study the efficacy and molecular mechanism for anticancer drug effects on SU3 glioma cells. In this work, we develop a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(LC–MS) method for direct analysis of the role of drugs(paclitaxel)on SU3 glioma cells at the molecular level. We use the specific fluorescence dyes to evaluate cell viability,the levels of ROS and GSH when the cells were treated with drugs. In addition, the LC–MS platform was successfully employed to detect the amount of 6-O-methylguanine, demonstrating that it is effective to induce cell apoptosis and enhance the cytotoxic response of SU3 glioma cells. The analytical linear equals are Y = 9.49 ? 105 X + 2.42 ? 104 for 6-O-methylguanine(R2= 0.9998) and Y = 4.72 ? 104 X + 2.21 ? 103(R2= 0.9996) for 7-methylguanine. Thus, the combination of cell-specific fluorescence dyes and LC–MS method enables us to reveal the molecular mechanism of paclitaxel-inhibited growth and enhanced therapeutic response in the chemotherapy for glioma multiforme.