于苯并噻吩在分散型钼催化剂和原位产生的氢存在下的加氢脱硫：Ⅳ. …

研究了水／甲苯乳化液中二苯并噻吩（硫芴）在分散型钼酸、磷钼酸和四硫代钼酸铵催化剂存在下的加氢脱硫反应。反应在高压釜中于３４０℃及三种不同的气氛即Ｈ２,Ｈ２／Ｈ２Ｏ和ＣＯ／Ｈ２Ｏ（ＣＯ和Ｈ２Ｏ经水煤气转换反应（ＷＧＳＲ）产生原位氢的存在下进行。用ＧＣ和ＧＣ－ＭＳ鉴定、分析了气体和液体产物的组成。在此基础上,提出了包含直接氢解和加氢脱硫两个反应途径的硫芴加氢反应网络,并采用最优化法计算了反应网络的速率     

合成大比表面γ-Mo2N的新方法

The production of high specific surface area γ-Mo₂N (up to 165 m²·g^-1, passivated) by temperature programmed reaction of MoO₃ with mixtures of N₂ and H₂ was reported. The synthetic condition of high surface area γ-Mo₂N (usually, S_BET>100 m²·g^-1) were quite difficult and the amount of starting material MoO₃ in each batch was much less than 0.5 gram. However, some synthetic conditions had been greatly improved in our experiments. The crystalline phase and specific surface area had been characterized by XRD and BET. The XRD gave some information for reaction mechanism.     

海螺酶的制备、性质和应用研究

报道了从食草性海螺粒蝾螺和锈凹螺中制备海螺酶的方法，并且初步研究了酶的组分、性质及其在海藻生产上的应用。酶学分析表明：两种海螺酶均为复合酶，含有纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、褐藻酸酶、几丁质酶、α－和β－半乳糖苷酶和β－葡萄糖苷酶；同时研究也表明除β-葡萄糖苷酶、α-和β－半乳糖苷酶外，大部分酶的最适pH在6－7之间。用复合酶I（粒蝾螺酶）和复合酶Ⅱ（锈凹螺酶）溶液分别水解条斑紫菜、海带组织，均获得大量单细胞和原生质体。将获得的单细胞在改进的PES培养基中培养，细胞能正常分裂、长成正常的植株。在实际生产上，将获得的大量紫菜单细胞附着于尼龙网上，经过实验室短期培养再移于海中可长成正常叶状体，初步表明该方法在实际生产上具有广阔的应用前景。     

渣油热反应体系中第二液相的存在性：Ⅱ.第二液相及其表征

对渣油热反应体系中出现的三类新相仿的凝聚态，溶解度类属以及相态性性的研究指出，它们都基本上是溶解度类属为正庚烷不溶－甲苯可溶的凝矣态沥青质，其非晶相结构特征或球形形态表明它们处于液相。     

XPS Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Supported CoMo Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts

In this paper, the effect of catalytic support and sulfiding method on the chemical state of supported Co-Mo catalysts is studied by XPS. After sulfidation with in-situ method, the majority of molybdenum in CNT supported CoMo catalyst is transferred to a species with a formal chemical state Mo(Ⅳ) in MoS2 phase, and the rest to Mo(Ⅴ) which consists of Mo coordinated both to O and S, such as MoO2S2^2- and MoO3S^2-. In case of CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst sulfided with in-situ method, a fraction of molybdenum is transferred to formal state Mo(Ⅳ) in the form of MoS2, but there is still a mount of unreduced Mo(VI) phase which is difficult to be sulfided. In CoMo/CNT catalyric system sulfided with ex-situ method, Mo(IV) in the form of MoS2 is detected along with a portion of unreduced Mo(VI) phase, suggesting that not all the Mo phases are reduced and sulfided by ex-situ method. As for CoMo/γ-Al2O3, a portion of molybdenum is sulfided to intermediate reduced state Mo(V) which consists of Mo coordinated both to O and S, such as MoO2S2^2- and MoO3S^2-, in addition, there is still a fraction of unreduced Mo(Ⅵ)phase. XPS analyses results suggest that CNT support facilitates the reduction and sulfidation of active species to a large extent, and that alumina support strongly interacts with active species, hereby producing a fraction of phase which resists complete sulfiding. Catalytic measurements of catalysts in the HDS of dibenzothiophene (DBT) show that CoMo/CNT catalysts are of higher HDS activity and selectivity than CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, which is in good relation with the sulfiding behavior of the corresponding catalyst.     

二苯并噻吩在CoMo／γ－Al2O3催化剂上的分散及吸附

 二苯并噻吩（DBT）在80℃下与CoMo／γ－Al2O3催化剂混合并放置24h，即可在催化剂表面发生自发单层分散．通过XRD测定出其分散阈值为0．15g／g，大于计算值0．12g／g（平躺吸附密置单层分散容量），排除实验误差后可以推测DBT在CoMo／γ－Al2O3表面存在通过硫原子的端链吸附．FT－IR和LRS的分析结果与上述推测相一致，说明DBT可能通过硫原子吸附在CoMo／γ－Al2O3表面的酸中心上．     

用色谱-脉冲火焰光度(GC-PFPD)法分析汽油中的总硫

实验了脉冲火焰光度检测器(PFPI))对汽油中微量有机硫化物的响应性和重现性，用色谱-脉冲火焰光度检测器法(GC-PFPI))和外标法定量测定了齐鲁和胜华FCC汽油全馏分及其窄馏分中的硫含量，并与微库仑法进行了对比，分析结果表明：(1)脉冲火焰光度(PFPD)检测器能够有效排除烃信号的干扰，只输出硫信号，定性简单，重现性好，是分析汽油中总硫含量的理想检测器。(2)采用色谱-脉冲火焰光度(GC-PFPD)法分析汽油中的总硫，操作简单，分析时间短，分析结果准确可靠，标准偏差小于1％。     

沸石桥羟基和硅羟基与噻吩相互作用的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论和模型簇法研究了噻吩和沸石分子筛桥羟基和硅羟基的相互作用.对噻吩吸附在硅羟基H3SiOH可能的两种配位方式及吸附在沸石模型簇H3Si(OH)Al(OH)2OSiH3桥羟基B酸上可能的两种配位方式进行了比较分析.所有模型簇采用B3LYP混合方法对氢原子在6-31G基组水平上,对硅原子、铝原子、氧原子、碳原子、硫原子在6-31 G(d)基组水平上进行了全优化和频率分析.着重考察了噻吩与硅羟基及分子筛桥羟基模型簇不同配位方式所形成的配合物的结构及能量变化.计算结果表明由于在形成沸石-噻吩和硅羟基-噻吩配合物的结构和性质变化不明显,所以它们之间的相互作用为范德华作用力.从噻吩在沸石分子筛的桥羟基和硅羟基与噻吩的相互作用的吸附热可以推断,噻吩优先吸附在桥羟基上,只有桥羟基吸附饱和后方吸附在硅羟基上.由频率分析结果和实验结果的一致性可以证明所推测吸附模型的正确性.     

孤岛渣油在分散型催化剂存在下加氢裂化反应动力学的研究 Ⅱ.…

本文研究了孤岛渣油在分散型磷钼酸铵催化剂存在下加氢裂化反应中裂化气体生成的动力学规律。在此基础上，将反应物系分为裂化残渣油、馏分油（Ｃ５～４８０℃）、Ｈ２Ｓ、甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、丁烷和Ｃ２～Ｃ４烯烃八个集总，提出了裂化气体生成的一级平行－连串反应动力学网络，进而用随机投点的复合形法求算了气体生成的速率常数和活化能。结果表明，模型计算值与实验数据较为吻合，所提出的气体生成模型对在分散型催化化剂存在下孤