Preparation and Properties of the Polyurethane Resin Modified by Rosin Glycerin Ester

为提高聚氨酯树脂的耐热性能和对颜料的润湿分散性能,采用松香甘油酯多元醇对聚氨酯进行改性。实验首先合成了松香甘油酯多元醇,然后将松香甘油酯与异氰酸酯基团发生化学反应,得到松香甘油酯改性聚氨酯树脂。通过红外光谱（FT-IR）、热重分析（TGA）及接触角仪对聚氨酯树脂的结构和性能进行表征,并对所配制的油墨的细度、粘度等指标进行检测。结果表明：松香甘油酯引入聚氨酯可显著提高聚氨酯的热稳定性和对酞菁蓝颜料的润湿分散性,聚氨酯的失重5％热分解温度由305．2℃提高至329．8℃;改性聚氨酯树脂对P．B54;1蓝颜料接触角为37．8°,油墨细度可达10mμ,油墨具有良好的流动性、稳定性和附着牢度。     

表面改性对片状锌粉分散稳定性的影响

采用物理化学法,将实验室自制锌粉分别添加钛酸酯偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂和十二烷基苯磺酸钠进行表面改性,利用沉降法测试高度研究改性前后锌粉的分散稳定性。 结果表明,不同种类、不同浓度的表面改性剂对锌粉的分散稳定性有较大的影响;其中,经1.0%钛酸酯偶联剂改性后锌粉的分散稳定性有了明显的改善,与进口粉的分散稳定性接近。     

松香及其改性产品的红外光谱法快速鉴别

由于松香、马来松香、聚合松香、歧化松香和氢化松香及其酯等松香深加工产品外观相似,很难凭感官鉴别,给执法部门的监管和企业产品的质量控制造成很大困难。本文通过选用不同松香深加工产品作为研究对象,分类别比较其傅里叶红外光谱和二阶导数红外光谱,对其进行快速鉴别。研究表明:利用红外光谱和二阶导数红外光谱特征吸收峰的位置和吸收强度等差异信息可将它们快速准确鉴别。     

溶剂替换法制备氟铃脲水悬浮剂及其分散稳定性

采用溶剂替换法制备了氟铃脲水悬浮剂,通过测定颗粒的平均粒径Dav和颗粒界面的Zeta电位,研究了分散剂种类、添加量以及有机相中乙醇的加入量对水悬浮剂分散稳定性的影响。 结果表明,在相同条件下,以苯乙烯丙烯酸共聚物(MOTAS)作为分散剂制备的水悬浮剂的分散效果较好;当MOTAS添加质量分数为1%时,Dav最小,Zeta电位绝对值最大,体系分散稳定性最好;在有机相中添加乙醇可以显著提高氟铃脲水悬浮剂的分散稳定性,当有机相中乙醇的加入质量分数增加至31.2%时分散稳定性达到最好。     

多元醇酯冷冻机油的化学组成及其分子结构鉴定

应用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)和气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对某品牌进口多元醇酯(POE)冷冻机油(简称A油)的化学组成和结构进行剖析。FTIR光谱图显示A油为季戊四醇脂肪酸酯,且表明其酯化完全。从GC-MS的总离子流色谱图可推断A油有5种主要组成;从A油经甲酯化后的GC-MS谱图可推断A油系季戊四醇与辛酸和壬酸酯化反应的产物。如酯化反应达到完全,则能产生6种产物,由于其中2种产物为同分异构体,因此在图谱中只出现5个信号峰。在实验室中用季戊四醇和壬酸模拟A油的合成,经分析所得产物,证实了对A油组成的推断。     

聚合物分散剂对氟虫脲水悬浮剂分散稳定性的影响

通过测定药物颗粒界面Zeta电位和平均粒径, 研究了聚合物分散剂苯乙烯磺酸聚合物钠盐(GY-D08)用量、pH和盐离子对氟虫脲水悬浮剂分散稳定性的影响, 研究结果表明, 分散剂GY-D08的加入量与水悬浮剂分散效果密切相关, 制备质量分数为5%氟虫脲水悬浮剂的GY-D08最佳用量为2%, GY-D08用量过多或过少都会使分散效果下降; pH影响分散剂GY-D08在水中的电离能力, 当pH=9时, GY-D08分子完全电离, 能为颗粒提供较大的静电位阻, 水悬浮剂分散稳定性最好; Mg²⁺或Ca²⁺压缩颗粒界面的双电层, 降低Zeta电位, 使颗粒因带电量减少而聚结, 导致水悬浮剂分散稳定性变差, 且Mg²⁺或Ca²⁺浓度愈大, 其分散稳定性愈差; 当离子浓度相同时, Ca²⁺压缩双电层的能力比Mg²⁺强, 添加Ca²⁺后的水悬浮剂的分散稳定性更差.     

苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物对20%除虫脲水悬浮剂分散稳定性的影响

以过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,采用溶液共聚法在不同温度下合成了一系列苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物,经磺化制得不同相对分子质量的聚苯乙烯-马来酸酐磺酸钠(SSMA)。 通过测定平均粒径、Zeta电势、黏度等考察了SSMA对20%除虫脲悬浮剂分散稳定性的影响。 结果表明,最佳分散剂为75 ℃聚合得到的SSMA,其质量分数为3%时,水悬浮剂的分散稳定性最好;当pH=9时SSMA分子完全电离,能为颗粒提供较大的空间势垒,水悬浮剂分散稳定性最好;Na+或Ca2+压缩颗粒界面的双电层,降低Zeta电势的绝对值,使颗粒因带电量减少而聚结,导致水悬浮剂分散稳定性变差;当离子浓度相同时,Ca2+的聚沉能力强于Na+,添加Ca2+后的水悬浮剂的分散稳定性更差。     

超支化树脂改性UV固化粉末涂料

本文将超支化树脂(HBP)与UV固化粉末涂料相结合,研究了超支化树脂对该涂料的树脂体系玻璃化温度、流变性能及涂膜各项物理性能的影响.结果表明:添加改性与未改性超支化树脂都能降低树脂体系的玻璃化温度,改性超支化树脂不影响体系的流变性能及涂膜性能,未改性超支化树脂可以降低体系粘度但使涂膜性能变差.     

有机硅改性硼酚醛树脂的研制

通过Williamson醚合成、Claisen重排及硅氢化反应得到邻羟基苯丙基硅油(Si-phenol),将其与苯酚混合,采用硼酸酯法合成有机硅改性硼酚醛树脂(SBPF).利用1H NMR和FTIR技术对其结构进行分析,采用热重分析(TGA)、剪切测试、拉伸测试以及冲击测试等手段对其耐热能和力学性能进行表征.考察了Si-phenol的含量对树脂各项性能的影响,并研究其作用机理.结果表明,合成的有机硅改性硼酚醛树脂具有良好的耐热性,适量硅氧烷链段的引入可以改善树脂的黏接性能,提高其力学强度.     

聚羧酸盐分散剂在农药水悬浮剂中的应用及作用机理分析

聚羧酸盐分散剂具有独特的分散性能,可显著提高农药水悬浮剂等剂型的稳定性.本文应用3种聚羧酸盐分散剂分别制备了3种农药水悬浮剂,研究了聚羧酸盐分散剂在原药颗粒表面的吸附特征和吸附热力学,研究了聚羧酸盐分散剂对农药水悬浮体系Zeta电势和流变性质的影响,并分析了体系在热贮前后各稳定性参数的变化,最终得到了具有长期储存稳定性的农药水悬浮剂产品.研究结果显示,聚羧酸盐分散剂在原药颗粒表面的吸附符合Langmuir单分子层吸附模型,其中吸附热力学参数?G_(ad)0、?S_(ad)0、?H_(ad)0且|?H_(ad)|40 kJ mol~(-1),表明该吸附为自发进行的、放热、熵增的物理吸附过程.聚羧酸盐分散剂通过提高悬浮体系的Zeta电势,使得分散粒子间相互排斥,改善了体系的流动性能,从而提高农药水悬浮剂产品的长期储存稳定性.     

Preparation of rapid (chain-stopped) alkyds by incorporation of gum rosin and investigation of coating properties

In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and properties of a short oil length chain–stopped(rapid) alkyd resin is investigated. Gum rosin modified alkyd resin (RA-GR) was prepared using soybean oil, phthalic anhydride, glycerin and gum rosin acid. An alkyd modified with benzoic acid (RA-BA) was also prepared for comparison. FTIR analyses and GPC measurements of the alkyds were used for characterization. Other properties such as the viscosity, acid value, and solid content of the final resins were determined. Separately, the synthesized resins were used in paint formulations without any changes in other parameters such as filler, airdrying agents, solvents, etc. Paints were applied to metal and glass surfaces and the effect of gum rosin was investigated by looking at touch and hard drying times, adhesion to metals and gloss changes. Compared to the benzoic acid modified resin (RA-BA), gum rosin modified resin (RA-GR) exhibited remarkable positive effects on the paint with a better adhesion to the metals, and short drying times without any loses in the glosses.     

Application of Modified Natural Oils as Reactive Diluents for Epoxy Resins

Bisphenol A based low-molecular-weight epoxy resin was modified with epoxidized soybean oil, which exhibit viscosity reducing ability comparable to commercial grade active diluents. The studied compositions showed a non-Newtonian rheological behavior, typical for Bingham liquids. The values of the flow index (n) and the consistency index (k) for the compositions tested in the temperature range 25–65 °C were calculated from the Ostwald-de Waele rheological model and were used to calculate the flow-activation energy (E_a) using the Arhenius equation. Studies of co-crosslinking of mixed oil-resin compositions using isophorone diamine showed essential decrease of the reaction heat and peak maximum temperature. Mechanical properties, thermal stability, water absorption and chemical resistance of the epoxy resin modified with natural oil, were also investigated. Compositions of epoxy resin Ruetapox 0162, modified with the oil diluent, preserved very good mechanical properties of the epoxy resins and demonstrated relatively low water absorption as well as high chemical resistance. The compositions displayed even higher impact strength than pure epoxy resin due to plasticizing effect of the built-in oil. Compositions with the high contents (up to 60 weight %) of the oil were flexible materials with fast elastic recovery.     

Preparation and Properties of Pyrene-Modified Multi- Walled Carbon Nanotube/Epoxy Resin Nanocomposites

Nanocomposites of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/bis-phenol A type epoxy resin were prepared and physical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. For the fine dispersion of MWCNT in the epoxy resin, MWCNT was modified with pyrene butyric acid (PBA) in the supercritical carbon dioxide (CO₂). The physical adsorption of PBA on the surface of MWCNTs was studied with a thermogravimetric analyzer and a transmission electron microscopy. The electrical surface resistivities of the nanocomposites showed threshold decreases due to percolations above the critical concentration of the MWCNT. The resistivities showed maximum depending on the concentration and the modification of the surface of the MWCNT with PBA. It is postulated that the dispersion of the MWCNT in epoxy resins resulted in dispersion systems which exhibit rheological properties similar to lyotropic liquid crystalline polymers. The surface resistivities of the MWCNT/epoxy systems reflected the morphological characteristics of the systems which also determined rheological properties of the systems.     

单一化学交联与物理化学复合交联高吸油树脂的比较

提出在单一化学交联吸油树脂中引入物理交联的设想，并采用悬浮聚合法了单一化学交联和物理－化学复合交联的聚丙烯酸酯系高吸油树脂，对两种不同树脂的吸油速率，低亲油性单体树脂的吸油性能，最佳单体配比以及化学交联剂含量的影响进行了比较，结果表明物理交联的引入加快了树脂的吸油速率，提高低亲油性单体树脂的吸油能力，并且还使最佳单体配比中低亲油性单体含量增加，同时表明部分物理交联吸油树脂有一最佳化学交联剂含量区。     

Water-Based Oil Spill Dispersants Based on Rosin Formaldehyde Resins

Water-soluble surfactants based on rosin acids were synthesized from condensed rosin acid-formaldehyde. This was completed by esterification of series of rosin acid formaldehyde resins with poly(ethylene glycol) having different molecular weights to produce series of rosin esters. The structure of the produced resins was determined by infrared and ¹HNMR analysis. The molecular weight of the produced surfactants was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) technique. The surface properties of the prepared surfactants were determined by measuring the surface tension at different temperatures. The surface tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC), and surface activities were determined at different temperatures. Surface parameters such as surface excess concentration (Γmax), the area per molecule at interface (A_min), and the effectiveness of surface tension reduction (πCMC) were determined from the adsorption isotherms of the prepared surfactants. Some thermodynamic data for the adsorption process were calculated and are discussed. The dispersion efficiency of the prepared surfactants as petroleum oil spill dispersants was determined and correlated with the surface activity, concentrations of the prepared surfactants and type of petroleum crude oil.     

基于纳米镍催化的松香加氢研究--树酯酸组成的研究

松香的主要成份是枞酸型树脂酸,其因共轭双键的存在而易被氧化,大大降低了其附加值。经氢化后的松香具有抗氧性好、脆性小、热稳定性高、颜色浅等特点,因而广泛应用于胶粘剂、合成橡胶、涂料、油黑、造纸、电子、食品等工业部门[1]。采用催化加氢的方法可使枞酸型树脂酸中的共轭双键消除[2]。以枞酸为代表的反应式为:松香催化加氢主要有熔融法[3]和溶剂法[4],所用催化剂主要是Pd和N i。熔融法制氢化松香,当反应温度低于200℃时,枞酸加氢速度较慢,反应不完全。温度升高,氢化松香中枞酸含量显著地减少,但温度高于250℃时,树脂酸脱羧严重,甚至…     

聚苯乙炔基苯基硅氧硼烷树脂及其复合材料的性能

将双(N-间乙炔基苯基邻苯二甲酰亚胺)醚(DAIE)和双酚A型氰酸酯(CE)分别加到聚苯乙炔基苯基硅氧硼烷(PSOB)和三苯乙炔基苯基硅烷(PTPES)混合体系中进行改性,制得两种纤维增强复合材料PSOB-PTPES-DAIE和PSOB-PTPES-CE.研究了固化后树脂的热稳定性能、力学性能、介电性能和耐水性能.结果...     

Suspension ring-opening metathesis polymerization: the preparation of norbornene-based resins for application in organic synthesis

A series of norbornene-based resin beads were obtained by aqueous suspension ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and used as polymeric supports for organic synthesis. These resins were prepared from norbornene, norborn-2-ene-5-methanol, and cross-linkers such as bis(norborn-2-ene-5-methoxy)alkanes, di(norborn-2-ene-5-methyl)ether, and 1,3-di(norborn-2-ene-5-methoxy)benzene. The resulting unsaturated ROMP (U-ROMP) resins containing olefin repeat units were chemically modified using hydrogenation, hydrofluorination, chlorination, and bromination reactions to produce saturated ROMP resins with different chemical and physical properties. The hydrogenated ROMP (H-ROMP) resin was found to be highly resistant to acidic, basic, Lewis acid, and Birch reduction conditions and was assessed as a polymeric support in a series of solid-phase synthetic applications. The H-ROMP resin was found to have superior performance compared to polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) copolymers in aromatic nitration and acylation reactions. In a conventional five-step solid-phase synthesis of a hydantoin, similar results were obtained for both the H-ROMP and PS-DVB resins. The U-ROMP resin was also shown to be effective in the solid-phase syntheses of benzimidazoles and benzimidazolones.     

株洲氢化松香主要化学组成的分析

 利用改进的DEAE Sephadex离子交换色谱从株洲氢化松香中分离出主要化学组成部分 酸性部分 ,然后采用DB 5毛细管柱对酸性部分进行气相色谱 质谱 计算机联用分析。共鉴定出 6种二氢枞酸型树脂酸 ,4种二氢海松酸 /异海松酸型树脂酸 ,4种四氢枞酸型树脂酸。其主要成分为 8 二氢枞酸、18 四氢枞酸、13 二氢枞酸、8α ,13β 四氢枞酸、13β 8 二氢枞酸及 8 二氢异海松酸等。     

Hybridization of Al2O3 microspheres and acrylic ester resins as a synergistic absorbent for selective oil and organic solvent absorption

In this study, we have focused on the synthesis, characterization, and oil absorption properties of Al₂O₃ microspheres/acrylic ester resin (AER) hybrids. The Al₂O₃ microspheres are prepared by a combined hydrothermal and sintering processes, followed by surface modification with silane coupling agent (KH 570). The Al₂O₃ microspheres/AER hybrids with a rough surface are synthesized by a microwave polymerization route by using modified Al₂O₃ microspheres as modifiers. In this hybrid materials system, the Al₂O₃ microspheres with porous structures may provide fast oil absorption due to the low oils absorption energy and short diffusion lengths. The resin hybrids exhibited reversible oils and organic solvents adsorption with maximum absorption capacities up to 29.85 g/g. This study suggests potential environmental advantage in using metal oxide microspheres in improving the oil absorption properties of oil‐absorbing resins as absorbents for recovering oil and organic solvent from water.