GSH特异的人单链抗体计算机辅助结构研究

以还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH)的两种衍物作为半抗原 ,从半人工合成的人单链抗体库中筛选得到了多株特异结合的单链抗体 .从中选择亲合力最强的单链抗体进行了基因的重组和测序 .根据由核苷酸测定结果而推导的氨基酸残基序列 ,用计算机模拟分析了两株单链抗体的空间结构 .结果显示单链抗体以二聚体形式存在 ,与单链抗体蛋白SDS_PAGE电泳结果相一致 .抗原结合部位———重链CDR3区位抗体的表面 ,且形成一个凹腔 ,因此可推测位于CDR3区的丝氨酸最可能参与硒化反应     

具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的含硒人源单链抗体的制备

以谷胱甘肽(GSH)为靶抗原, 从噬菌体展示人源单链抗体库中筛选人源单链抗体(scFv). 经3轮筛选后, 用ELISA方法检测出5个(2, 11, 16, 24, 32 )可以和GSH结合的克隆. PCR产物的电泳和测序结果表明, 只有3个克隆(11, 16, 24)具有完整的scFv编码基因. 选取和GSH结合力高的克隆11的scFv 编码基因组装到表达载体pPELB上, 在大肠杆菌Rosetta中进行可溶性表达, 用Ni2+螯合亲和层析纯化scFv-11, 免疫点印迹结果证实该抗体能与GSH特异结合. 通过化学突变将scFv-11的丝氨酸转变成硒代半胱氨酸(Sec)后, 获得了具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活力的含硒(Se)人源单链抗体(Se-scFv-11), 其活力为351 U/μmol.     

通过快速定点突变表征人源含硒单链抗体酶的底物结合部位

为了对人源含硒单链抗体酶Se-scFv-B3的底物结合部位和催化基团进行研究, 在理论预测的基础上, 通过快速定点突变法分别在2个理论预测的底物结合部位(位点1和位点2)内选定Ala180和Ala44定点突变为丝氨酸(Ser). 2个突变体蛋白经化学修饰将Ser转变成谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)的催化基团硒代半胱氨酸(Sec)后, 前者的GPX活力达到了Se-scFv-B3的2倍多, 而后者的GPX活力没有明显提高, 这表明位点1可能是主要的底物结合部位, 与理论预测的结果一致.     

活力高于天然谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的含硒抗体酶

还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的巯基和两个羧基分别与2,4-二硝基氯苯(DNCB)和甲醇反应,合成出半抗原Hp2;通过戊二醛将Hp2连到牛血清白蛋白(BSA)上,合成出全抗原Ag2;吸收光谱法测出Hp2在BSA上的平均连接量为30.2mol/mol.用标准的单克隆抗体(McAb)制备技术,制备出阳性McAb(IgG)-4G3;4G3对GSH和半抗原Hp2的解离常数(K_D)表明,单克隆抗体4G3对GSH具有较强的亲和力.对4G3进行两步化学诱变(Chemical Mutation),诱变后即为具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活性的含硒抗体酶(m4G3),m4G3的GPX活力为9337U/μmol,是兔肝GPX(RL-GPX,5780U/μmol)的 1.6倍,曾报道的含硒抗体酶m4A4(1239 U/μmol)的7.5倍,制备出活性高于天然酶的抗体酶,证实了半抗原设计思想.将m4G3拆分成Fab和Fc片段,发现m4G3的活性中心位于Fab片段上,m4G3的硒代半胱氨酸(Se-Cys)含量为1.9 mol/mol.     

具有GPX活力的抗体片段Fv的制备和性质

具有谷胱甘肽(GSH)结合部位的鼠抗体3H₄(IgM)经胃蛋白酶水解,产生分子量为25000的抗体Fv片段,用荧光滴定法测定了它与GSH的亲和常数K_a=1.17×10₇L/mol.该片段经苯甲基磺酰氟活化,再经NaHSe作用,其结合部位的丝氨酸被突变为谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)的催化基团硒代半胱氨酸.突变后的Fv片段表现出很高的GPX活性,其活力高达2500U/μmol,称为Fv抗体酶.动力学分析表明,Fv酶的最适温度为55℃,最适pH为7.0,催化机制为乒乓机制,米氏常数分别为:K_m(GSH)=4.16×10^-3mol/L,K_m(H₂O₂)=2.8×10^-4mol/L.     

疏水腔修饰法及高活力GPX抗体酶的研究：Ⅱ.半抗原及全抗原的制备和表征

自Jencks抗体酶的概念出现以来，已有80多种化学反应被证实可以用抗体来催化［‘”j．一般合成抗体酶的方法是通过选择合适的过渡态类似物来诱导抗体酶，这种方法产生的抗体酶大部分活力很低，我们曾对3个具有谷脱甘肽（GSH）过氧化物酶（GPX）特性的含硒抗体酶进行了报道「”‘a，半抗原是，2，3是根据天然抗体酶活性中心的结构设计合成的，它们对GPX的底物GSH具有不同程度的疏水修饰．随着半抗原疏水程度的增加，通过单抗技术和化学修饰而得的3个抗体酶的相应活力分别为兔肝GPX的0．2，1·6和8．5倍．在上述结果基础上，我们提出疏…     

具有cGPX活力的含硒抗体酶的酶学及动力学性质研究

通过单克隆抗体制备技术得到三株特异结合半抗原4(GSH-S-DNP二苄酯)的单克隆抗体HB4,HB5和HB7.抗体经两步化学诱变得到具有细胞谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(cGPX)活性的含硒抗体酶mHB4,mHB5和mHB7,活力分别为170,1867,32U/μmol.其中mHB5的活力是天然兔肝cGPX的0.32倍,m4A4的1.51倍.等离子体-质谱(ICP/MS)测得每分子含硒抗体酶分子中大约存在2个硒原子.mHB5的最适pH为8.6～8.8.在pH值范围为7.0和37℃条件下,mHB5催化GSH和H₂O₂或t-ROOH反应的二级速率常数为:_k+1(H₂O₂)9.71×10⁶L/(mol·min),_k+1(t-ROOH)5.99×10⁵L/(mol·min).mHB5使非酶催化反应速率提高了9.8×10⁶和3.7×10⁵倍.     

人源化甲状腺素脱碘酶单链抗体的结构模拟

以四碘甲状腺素原氨酸为半抗原,从人噬菌体展示半合成单链抗体库中筛选与半抗原有特异结合性的单链抗体E3,并测定了E3的一级结构,同时用计算机模拟了其空间结构.     

量子点与人源抗谷胱甘肽单链抗体的连接与表征

用已构建的表达载体pPELB-B3, 在大肠杆菌Rosetta中可溶性表达人源抗谷胱甘肽(GSH)单链抗体B3(scFv-B3), 经Ni2+螯合亲和层析纯化后, 用点印迹法验证了其与GSH结合的特异性. 将水相合成的半导体纳米粒子(半导体量子点, QDs)在N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)和1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)的作用下, 与scFvs连接. 光谱分析和膜印迹结果表明, scFvs成功地共价连接到QDs表面, 所得的QD-scFvs复合物能够较好地识别GSH. 荧光显微镜观察QD-scFvs与人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的作用结果, 初步判断QD-scFvs能够跨膜进入细胞.     

单链抗体PS-9的基因克隆、表达和免疫特性鉴定

成功地构建了鼠抗人胰腺癌单克隆抗体PS-9的单链抗体可变区基因(V_H-linker-V_L),并将该基因克隆到噬菌体表达载体pCANTAB5的外壳蛋白g3p基因中,使单链抗体以融合蛋白的形式表达在噬菌体的表面。免疫学鉴定结果表明,这种噬菌体抗体仍保留着亲代抗体的免疫特性,能与人粘液细胞癌LS-174-T细胞表面抗原特异结合。这项研究结果有助于鼠源性单克隆抗体的临床应用以及肿瘤导向诊断和治疗。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.