Syntheses，Structures and Properties of Some New Composition Perovskite Compounds：Sr_（0．6）Bi_（0．4）FeO_（2．7），Sr_（1－x）Bi_xFeO_（3－y） and Ba_（1．5）Pt_（0．5）Mn_2O_6

Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｅｓ，ＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓａｎｄＰｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆＳｏｍｅ　ＮｅｗＣｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎＰｅｒｏｖｓｋｉｔｅＣｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｓ：Ｓｒ_（０．６）Ｂｉ_（０．４）ＦｅＯ_（２．７），Ｓｒ_（１－ｘ）Ｂｉ_ｘＦｅＯ_（３－ｙ）　ａｎｄ　Ｂａ...     

纳米晶La_（1－_x）Sr_xFeO_3的合成及气敏特性的研究

用柠檬酸盐法合成出Ｌａ_（１－_ｘ）Ｓｒ_ｘＦｅＯ_３（ｘ＝０．１，０．２，０．３，０．４）原粉，再经固相反应得到纳米晶粉末，用ＴＧ、ＤＴＡ、ＸＲＤ、ＩＲ进行了表征，确证复合氧化物Ｌａ_（１－_ｘ）Ｓｒ_ｘＦｅＯ_３为钙钛矿型结构，粒径在１０～２５ｎｍ之间。实验结果表明，随着固相反应条件不同，产物粒径呈规律性变化．气敏特性研究表明，该纳米晶材料对乙醇有较高的选择性和灵敏度，其选择性顺序为Ｌａ_（０．９）Ｓｒ_（０．１）ＦｅＯ_３＞ＬａＦｅＯ_３＞ＬａＦｅＯ_３（大晶粒）。     

Skeleton Vibrations and Force Constants of ［Fe_2Cr（μ_3－O）（glycine）_6（H_2O）_3］（NO_3）_7．3H_2O

ＳｋｅｌｅｔｏｎＶｉｂｒａｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄＦｏｒｃｅＣｏｎｓｔａｎｔｓｏｆ［Ｆｅ_２Ｃｒ（μ_３－Ｏ）（ｇｌｙｃｉｎｅ）_６（Ｈ_２Ｏ）_３］（ＮＯ_３）_７．３Ｈ_２ＯＺｈａｎｇＬｉｎ－Ｎａ，ＬｉｎＺｈｅｎｇ－Ｙａｎ（ＳｔａｔｅＫｅｙＬａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｏ...     

（CeO2）0.7—x（MO）x（La2O3）0.3（M=Mg,Ca,Sr）固体电解质及其性能的…

合成了（ＣｅＯ２）０．７－ｘ（ＭＯ）ｘ（Ｌａ２Ｏ３）０．３（Ｍ－Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｓｒ）固体电解质。对其晶体结构、电导率、ＸＰＳ谱、离子迁移数及制成的燃料电池的Ｖ－Ｉ曲线进行了测定。（ＣｅＯ２）０．７（Ｌａ２Ｏ３）０．３中掺入Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｍｇ＾２＋或Ｓｒ＾２＋，可使电解质的氧离子导电性能改善，从而使制成的燃料电池的开路电压输出功率也得到提高。     

钙钛矿型SrFeO3-λ对部分染料的光催化活性

本文用柠檬酸法合成钙钛矿型ＳｒＦｅＯ３－λ,并用水溶性染料在ＳｒＦｅＯ３－λ悬浮体系中进行光催化降解实验。实验发现了在ＳｒＦｅＯ３－λ化合物中,由于Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｆｅ＾４＋、Ｆｅ＾５＋离子的共存使ＳｒＦｅＯ３－λ具有优异的光催化染料降解活性。     

MZrO3（M=Ba,Sr,Ca）水热合成中结构与反应活性的关系

ＭＺｒＯ_３（Ｍ＝Ｂａ，Ｓｒ，Ｃａ）水热合成中结构与反应活性的关系郑文君，庞文琴（吉林大学化学系，长春，１３００２３）关键词水热合成，ＭＺｒＯ_３（Ｍ＝Ｂａ，Ｓｒ，Ｃａ），结构，反应活性钙钛矿型复合氧化物ＭＺｒＯ３（Ｍ＝Ｂａ，Ｓｒ，Ｃａ）是重要的功能陶...     

甲烷部分氧化制合成气的钙钛矿型致密透氧膜反应器的数值模拟(英文)

采用等温理论模型,以甲烷催化氧化制合成气为模型反应,模拟非担载钙钛矿型致密透氧膜反应器的性能。分别研究了Ｌａ_０．２Ｂａ_０．８Ｆｅ_０．８Ｃｏ_０．２Ｏ_(３－δ)、Ｌ３０．２Ｓｒ０．８Ｆｅ０．８Ｃｏ０．２Ｏ３－δ和ＳｒＦｅＣｏ０．５Ｏｘ三种透氧速率不同的膜材料、膜反应器的尺寸以及反应工艺条件对ＣＨ４转化率、ＣＯ选择性和Ｈ２／ＣＯ摩尔比的影响,对膜反应实验具有指导意义。     

（CeO_2）_（0．7－x）（MO）_x（La_2O_3）_（0．3）（M＝

合成了（ＣｅＯ＿２）＿（０．７－ｘ）（ＭＯ）＿ｘ（Ｌａ＿２Ｏ＿３）＿（０．３）（Ｍ＝Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｓｒ）固体电解质。对其晶体结构、电导率、ＸＰＳ谱、离子迁移数及制成的燃料电池的Ｖ－Ｉ曲线进行了测定。（ＣｅＯ＿２）＿（０．７）（Ｌａ＿２Ｏ＿３）＿（０．３）中掺入Ｃａ￣（２＋）、Ｍｇ￣（２＋）或Ｓｒ￣（２＋），可使电解质的氧离子导电性能改善，从而使制成的燃料电他的开路电压输出功率也得到提高。     

BaCe1—xRExO3—0.5x的溶胶—凝胶法合成及离子导电性

用溶胶－凝胶法合成了系列钙钛矿结构的ＢａＣｅ１－ｘＲＥｘＯ３－０．５ｘ（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｄｙ，Ｈｏ，Ｅｒ和Ｙ）复合氧化物，通过ＸＲＤ和热分析对样品结构及生成过程进行了研究．测定了不同温度下样品的交流阻抗谱，讨论了稀土离子掺杂对ＢａＣｅＯ３电性质的影响．溶胶－凝胶法比固相反应法合成温度降低了６００～８００℃，稀土掺杂使ＢａＣｅＯ３离子导电率提高了１０～４０倍．     

（四甲基二硅撑）双（3－三甲硅基环戊二烯基）－四羰基二铁的反应性

标题化合物（Ｍｅ_２ＳｉＳｉＭｅ_２）［η￣５－（３－Ｍｅ_３ＳｉＣ_５Ｈ_３）Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）_２］_２／（μ－ＣＯ）_２（Ａ）分子中的Ｆｅ－Ｆｅ键被钠汞齐还原断裂，生成相应的双铁负离子，分别与ＭｅＣＯＣｌ、ＰｈＣＯＣｌ、ＰｈＣＨ_２Ｃｌ、ＣｌＣＨ_２ＣＯＯＣ_２Ｈ_５和Ｐｈ_３ＳｎＣｌ进行亲核取代反应，生成在铁原子上引入相应取代基的产物（Ｍｅ_２ＳｉＳｉＭｅ_２）［η￣５－（３－Ｍｅ_３ＳｉＣ_５Ｈ_３）Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）_２Ｒ］_２（Ｒ：ＭｅＣＯ（１），ＰｈＣＯ（２），ＰｈＣＨ_２（３），ＣＨ_２ＣＯＯＣ_２Ｈ_５（４），Ｐｈ_３Ｓｎ（５），Ｉ（６））。Ａ在氯仿中与碘反应，得到Ｆｅ－Ｆｅ断裂的双铁碘化物，但在苯中与过量碘反应，则得到Ｆｅ－Ｉ－Ｆｅ桥联的离子型化合物（Ｍｅ_２ＳｉＳｉＭｅ_２）［η￣５－（３－Ｍｅ_３ＳｉＣ_５Ｈ_３）Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）_２］_２Ｉ·Ｉ（７）。化合物６的晶体和分子结构经Ｘ射线衍射测定，６属单斜晶系，Ｐ２１／ｃ空间群，ａ＝１．７２１７（４）ｎｍ，ｂ＝０．７７５３（２）ｎｍ，Ｃ＝１．３６２９（７）ｎｍ，β＝１０３．８０（３）°，Ｖ＝１．７６７（２）ｎｍ３，Ｚ＝４，Ｄｃ＝１．６２９９·ｃｍ－１，最终偏差因子Ｒ＝０．０５４。     

Strontium superstoichiometry and defect structure of SrCeO3 perovskite

Strontium cerate (SrCeO(3)) is the parent phase of a family of prototype proton-conducting perovskites with important potential applications as electrolytes in protonic ceramic fuel cells, hydrogen-separation membranes, and sensors for hydrogen and humidity. Apparent nonstoichiometric behavior and the microstructure of SrCeO(3) have been investigated. Phase analysis by X-ray diffraction indicates that single-phase material in the system Sr(1+x)CeO(3+)delta is obtained for compositions x = 0.02-0.03 and that nominally stoichiometric SrCeO(3) (x = 0) synthesized by either solid-state reaction or the citrate method is Sr-rich. Selected area electron diffraction confirms that the system crystallizes with the GdFeO(3)-type orthorhombic perovskite structure (space group Pnma). Structural defects characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy include twin domain boundaries and SrO-rich, Ruddlesden-Popper-type planar defects. Magnetic susceptibility measurements down to 2 K indicate that the Ce(3+) content is minor ( approximately 0.01 mol per formula unit for slow-cooled material) and does not influence the observed nonstoichiometry.     

Design of guanidinium ionic liquid based microwave‐assisted extraction for the efficient extraction of Praeruptorin A from Radix peucedani

A series of novel tetramethylguanidinium ionic liquids and hexaalkylguanidinium ionic liquids have been synthesized based on 1,1,3,3‐tetramethylguanidine. The structures of the ionic liquids were confirmed by ¹H NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. A green guanidinium ionic liquid based microwave‐assisted extraction method has been developed with these guanidinium ionic liquids for the effective extraction of Praeruptorin A from Radix peucedani. After extraction, reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with UV detection was employed for the analysis of Praeruptorin A. Several significant operating parameters were systematically optimized by single‐factor and L₉ (3⁴) orthogonal array experiments. The amount of Praeruptorin A extracted by [1,1,3,3‐tetramethylguanidine]CH₂CH(OH)COOH is the highest, reaching 11.05 ± 0.13 mg/g. Guanidinium ionic liquid based microwave‐assisted extraction presents unique advantages in Praeruptorin A extraction compared with guanidinium ionic liquid based maceration extraction, guanidinium ionic liquid based heat reflux extraction and guanidinium ionic liquid based ultrasound‐assisted extraction. The precision, stability, and repeatability of the process were investigated. The mechanisms of guanidinium ionic liquid based microwave‐assisted extraction were researched by scanning electron microscopy and IR spectroscopy. All the results show that guanidinium ionic liquid based microwave‐assisted extraction has a huge potential in the extraction of bioactive compounds from complex samples.     

[Amim]Cl离子液体中微波辐射加热促进稻草秸秆酸水解制备还原糖

在1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([Amim]Cl)离子液体介质中,用微波辐射加热促进稻草秸秆纤维素的酸水解,探讨了微波辐射加热及离子液体对酸催化植物纤维素水解的促进作用;并对水解产物中的还原糖进行了测定,着重考察了离子液体用量、硫酸浓度、微波功率、反应温度、反应时间等因素对还原糖收率的影响.结果表明,在[Amim]Cl...     

Ionic liquid mediated CO2 activation for DMC synthesis

Promoted catalytic reaction between methanol and CO2 for dimethyl carbonate(DMC) synthesis is conducted over K2CO3/CH3 I catalyst in the presence of ionic liquid under microwave irradiation.The effect of ionic liquids incorporated with microwave irradiation on the yield of DMC is investigated.DMC was found to form at lower temperature in a relative short time,which indicated an enhanced catalytic process by ionic liquid.Among the ionic liquids used,1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride is the most effective promoter.Density functional theory calculations indicate that CO2 bond lengths and angles changed due to the molecular interaction of ionic liquid and CO2,resulting in the activation of CO2 molecules and consequently the acceleration of reaction rate.     

微波合成SrTiO~3的反应机理

研究了微波合成SrTiO~3的合成过程,XRD及电子探针的结果表明这一反应过程是由扩散控制,微波场的存在使扩散过程明显增强,存在有Sr和Ti元素的相互扩散,与常规合成有较大不同。从微波合成和常规合成反应产物的组成及显微结构等方面说明微波合成与常规合成具有不同的反应机理,微波合成在反应过程中没有出现其他的中间相,反应动力学计算表明反应过程的动力学符合Carter方程,反应的活化能为129kJ/mol,约为常规合成的1/2～1/3。     

离子液体-非极性溶剂微波提取法在人参化学成分研究中的应用

以离子液体作为微波吸收介质建立了离子液体-非极性溶剂微波提取法,对人参中的化学成分进行了提取,并将该法与固体微波吸收介质-非极性溶剂微波提取法、极性溶剂微波提取法以及混合溶剂微波提取法进行了对比.结果表明,极性溶剂提取的主要化学成分为极性化合物,而固体微波吸收介质-非极性溶剂微波提取法与离子液体-非极性溶剂微波提取法相比,提取所得的化学成分并无明显差别,说明离子液体是一种较好的微波吸收介质和能量传递材料.所建立的方法具有提取时间短、操作简单及绿色环保等优点,且对后期分析无明显影响,是快速提取化学成分的理想方法.     

Microwave‐assisted liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of ionic liquid for the determination of sulfonamides in environmental water samples

An easy, quick, and green method, microwave‐assisted liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of ionic liquid, was first developed and applied to the extraction of sulfonamides in environmental water samples. 1‐Ethy‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, which is a solid‐state ionic liquid at room temperature, was used as extraction solvent in the present method. After microwave irradiation for 90 s, the solid‐state ionic liquid was melted into liquid phase and used to finish the extraction of the analytes. The ionic liquid and sample matrix can be separated by freezing and centrifuging. Several experimental parameters, including amount of extraction solvent, microwave power and irradiation time, pH of sample solution, and ionic strength, were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, good linearity was observed in the range of 2.00–400.00 μg/L with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9995 to 0.9999. The limits of detection for sulfathiazole, sulfachlorpyridazine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfaphenazole were 0.39, 0.33, 0.62, and 0.85 μg/L, respectively. When the present method was applied to the analysis of environmental water samples, the recoveries of the analytes ranged from 75.09 to 115.78% and relative standard deviations were lower than 11.89%.     

Immobilized ionic liquid on superparamagnetic nanoparticles as an effective catalyst for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted imidazoles under solvent-free conditions and microwave irradiation

The ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) imidazolium chloride was immobilized on superparamagnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (IL-MNPs) and used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles under solvent-free conditions using microwave irradiation. The reactions in conventional heating conditions were compared with the microwave-assisted reactions. The combined merits of microwave irradiation and immobilized ionic liquid on superparamagnetic nanoparticles make the four-component condensation with safe operation, low pollution, and rapid access to products and simple work-up.     

微波加热制备空心和锯齿形貌Bi_2Te_3晶体(英文)

Well-crystallized Bi₂Te₃ hollow spheres and nanosaws were prepared by microwave heating. Both the ionic liquid and the microwave heating play important role in the formation of the above nanostructures. Hollow spheres can not be obtained only by electronic stove heating, while the addition of ionic liquid leads to fast preparation of nanosaws structure under microwave heating conditions. The similar experimental results have been observed in the preparation of Bi₂S₃, Sb₂S₃ and Bi₂Se₃ nanostructures.     

离子液体作用下微波辐照生物质快速热解制备生物质油(英文)

以离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯([Bmim]Cl)和1-丁基-3甲基咪唑四氟化硼([Bmim]BF4)为催化剂,在微波加热作用下,研究了稻草和锯屑的热解。微波加热20 min,稻草和锯屑的生物油产率分别为38%和34%。考察了微波加热时间、微波功率和离子液体用量对生物质油产率的影响。当以相同的离子液体为催化剂时,稻草微波热解得到的生物质油产率大于锯屑的。生物油成分主要有糠醛、醋酸和1-羟基-2-丁酮等,其含量主要取决于生物质原料和加入的离子液体的类型。