液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱法测定鸡肉中17种磺胺类药物的残留

建立了鸡肉中17种磺胺类药物残留量的液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱测定方法。以稳定同位素13C6-磺胺二甲基嘧啶作为内标,采用多反应监测定量。样品经过匀浆、乙腈提取、正己烷脱脂、硅胶柱净化后进行液相色谱-质谱分析。采用Capcell Pak C8DD色谱柱,以均含0.2%甲酸的水和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱。方法检出限为0.02~1 μg/kg,17种磺胺类药物的加标回收率为52.3%~124.9%（添加水平为1,5,10　μg/kg),相对标准偏差为1.0%~17.6%。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中黄曲霉毒素M1

提出了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中黄曲霉毒素M₁含量的方法。样品经免疫亲和柱净化,用乙腈洗脱下来。以ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈柱（2.1 mm×50mm,1.7μm）为分离柱,乙腈和水为流动相梯度淋洗,用串联质谱测定。采用电喷雾电离正离子模式进行多反应监测。黄曲霉毒素M₁的质量浓度在0.1～16.0μg·L^-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限（3S/N）为0.001 5μg·kg^-1,测定下限（10S/N）为0.005μg·kg^-1。方法用于分析牛奶样品,测得回收率在89.5%～101.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差（n=6）在2.8%～9.5%之间。     

亲水色谱-串联质谱法对牛奶与奶粉中三聚氰胺及其衍生物含量的测定

建立了牛奶和奶粉中三聚氰胺及其3种衍生物（三聚氰酸、三聚氰酸一酰胺、三聚氰酸二酰胺）的亲水色谱-串联质谱检测方法（HILIC-MS/MS）。牛奶样品直接用乙腈超声波提取;奶粉样品先用水溶解后再加乙腈超声波提取,高速离心后以乙腈-水为流动相,采用亲水作用色谱柱分离这4种化合物,在电喷雾正、负电离切换多反应监测模式下进行定性与定量分析,三聚氰酸一酰胺与三聚氰酸二酰胺含量在50～10000μg/kg之间、三聚氰胺与三聚氰酸在25～5000μg/kg之间,均获得良好的线性。方法检出限（LOD）为5～20μg/kg,定量下限（LOQ）为50～100μg/kg,3个添加水平的平均回收率为81%～97%。该方法简便、快速、准确,可满足牛奶及奶粉中三聚氰胺、三聚氰酸、三聚氰酸一酰胺、三聚氰酸二酰胺测定的需要。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定熟肉制品中磺胺嘧啶和氯霉素药物残留

建立了一种应用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)同时检测熟肉制品中磺胺嘧啶和氯霉素药物残留的方法。样品经乙腈多次提取,正己烷去脂,采用乙酸铵-乙腈体系为流动相,梯度洗脱分离,电喷雾多反应监测模式同时质谱检测。磺胺嘧啶和氯霉素分别在5～500μg/kg和0.1～10μg/kg的线性范围内线性相关系数(R2)均大于0.999,其检出限分别为5μg/kg和0.1μg/kg。磺胺嘧啶和氯霉素在熟肉制品中的回收率分别为78.6%～94.4%和68.7%～86.3%。     

离子交换固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定动物组织中的8类非甾体抗炎药残留

采用离子交换固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定了动物组织中的8类14种非甾体抗炎药(Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)残留。动物组织样品经乙腈-乙酸乙酯(1∶1,V/V)提取、乙腈饱和正己烷除脂、Oasis MCX阳离子交换固相萃取柱除杂后,用液相色谱-质谱联用仪电喷雾电离,多反应监测模式检测。本方法的检出限为3.0～10.0μg/kg;定量限为10.0～25.0μg/kg;添加浓度在10.0～1000.0μg/kg范围内,牛肉组织中的回收率为62.9%～108.4%,相对标准偏差小于10%;猪肉组织中的回收率为63.4%～117.0%,相对标准偏差小于9%。     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱分析牛乳中24种磺胺类药物残留

建立同时测定牛乳中24种磺胺类药物多残留的超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱 (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)分析方法.样品经改良的QuEChERS技术提取和净化,采用ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18色谱柱(100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm ),0.25%乙酸水溶液和乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,超高效液相色谱分离,电喷雾离子源电离,正离子多反应监测模式进行定性和定量分析.24种药物在5～100 μg/kg浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数r均大于0.99,以5,25和50 μg/kg 3个浓度水平进行添加回收率实验,样品的平均回收率在64.2%～110 9%之间,相对标准偏差为3.2%～13.1%,方法的检出限为0.21～1.62 μg/kg.方法重现性好、灵敏度高、分析时间短、确证能力强,适用于牛乳中磺胺类药物多残留的确证检测.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定大黄鱼中20种磺胺类药物残留

建立了一种液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱同时测定大黄鱼中20种磺胺类药物残留的方法.均质样品先后用乙腈、二氯甲烷提取,合并提取液,取部分提取液经氮吹浓缩.残渣用1 mL流动相溶解,饱和正己烷脱脂净化.采用ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C8色谱柱,以含0.2%乙酸的水溶液和甲醇(7: 3)为流动相,梯度洗脱,在电喷雾-多反应监测离子模式下,进行定量定性分析.方法的定量限为5 μg/kg;以标准加入法计算回收率,在10～40 μg/kg添加范围内,平均回收率为79.6%～109%;相对标准偏差为3.55%～16.5%.     

QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定牛奶和奶粉中13种磺胺类药物

建立并优化了同时测定牛奶和奶粉中13种磺胺类药物的Qu ECh ERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱的样品前处理及分析方法。样品中的磺胺类药物经乙腈提取和Qu Ech ERS净化粉(无水Mg SO4和C18吸附剂)净化,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定,外标法定量。13种磺胺类药物在不同添加浓度下的回收率范围为81.2%~120.7%,相对标准偏差范围为2.4%~14%,方法检出限为0.03~0.1μg/kg。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶和奶粉中6种聚醚类抗生素残留量

建立了用于检测牛奶和奶粉中拉沙洛菌素、莫能菌素、尼日利亚菌素、盐霉素、甲基盐霉素和马杜霉素铵6种聚醚类抗生素残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.用乙腈提取样品中的聚醚类抗生素,提取液经HLB固相萃取柱净化,采用超高效液相色谱分离,以电喷雾离子源正离子多反应监测模式进行质谱分析.6种抗生素在0.5～100.0 μg/L范围内均呈线性,相关系数r>0.99.在空白样品中添加6种聚醚类抗生素的回收率均在74.0%～98.5%之间; 精密度(RSD)4.8%～17.2%.牛奶中6种聚醚类抗生素检出限均为0.2 μg/L;奶粉中6种聚醚类抗生素检出限均为1.6 μg/kg.     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱测定蔬菜中喹诺酮类抗生素

建立了蔬菜中4种喹诺酮类抗生素的超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)分析方法。每克蔬菜样品(干重)以15 mL乙腈-HCl(125∶8,V/V)进行振荡-超声提取3次,用HLB固相萃取柱进行净化富集,以6 mL 1%酸化乙腈进行洗脱,用N2进行吹脱,最后用初始流动相进行定容。以0.1%甲酸-乙腈溶液和0.1%甲酸溶液作为流动相,采用梯度洗脱方式进行UPLC-ESI-MS/MS检测。蔬菜中4种喹诺酮类化合物不同浓度加标回收率为61%～90%;相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%(个别除外);检出限为0.021～0.092μg/kg;定量限为0.065～0.312μg/kg。本方法能够满足实际蔬菜样品的分析要求。     

分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定果蔬、牛奶、植物油和动物肌肉中残留的61种有机磷农药

建立了果蔬、牛奶、植物油和动物肌肉中61种有机磷农药多残留的分析方法。果蔬和牛奶样品用乙腈均质提取,盐析分配;植物油样品用正己烷溶解,乙腈萃取;动物肌肉样品用正己烷配合乙腈-水溶液均质提取,盐析分配。各提取法得到的提取液采用C18和Primary Secondary Amine (PSA)粉末分散固相萃取净化,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪(UPLC-MS/MS)分析,采用电喷雾离子化正离子方式(ESI+)及多反应监测模式(MRM)测定,基质匹配标准溶液外标法定量。方法的定量限(S/N≥10)均达到0.01 mg/kg;回收率为62.8%～107%,相对标准偏差为4.2%～19%。该方法准确、灵敏、快速,可满足多种食品中有机磷农药残留的检测要求。     

Simple Multiresidue Determination of Fluoroquinolones in Bovine Milk by Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection

Abstract

A simple and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of five fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, danofloxacin, difloxacin, and sarafloxacin) in bovine milk was developed. Protein precipitation from milk samples was achieved by the addition of acetonitrile and o‐phosphoric acid. Acetonitrile was removed with dichloromethane, leaving the fluoroquinolones in the acid aqueous extract. The aqueous extract was analyzed by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC–FD). The mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and 10 mM citrate buffer solution of pH 4.5, with an initial composition of acetonitrile‐water (12∶88, v/v) and using linear gradient elution. Norfloxacin was used as an internal standard. The limits of detection found ranged from 1 to 6 ng · mL^?1 and were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) established by the European Union. The proposed method was applied to the determination of these compounds in different bovine milk samples. Method validation was carried out by a recovery assay.     

Simultaneous determination of triclabendazole and its sulphoxide and sulphone metabolites in bovine milk by high-performance liquid chromatography

A simple method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of triclabendazole and its metabolites (sulphoxide and sulphone) in bovine milk by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A milk sample was homogenized with sodium sulfate anhydrous and acetonitrile, and centrifuged. The supernatant was isolated, rinsed with n-hexane saturated with acetonitrile, and evaporated. The residue was dissolved with 0.1 M potassium dihydrogenphosphate, and 0.1 M sodium hydrogencarbonate, and then cleaned up on a Bond Elut C18 cartridge. The three compounds were separated on a Capcell Pak C18 UG 120 (5 microm, 150x4.6 mm I.D.) column and determined by UV detection at 295 nm. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.05 M ammonium acetate (50:50), and the flow-rate was 0.8 ml/min at 40 degrees C. The mean recoveries (n=4) were 89.1-95.0% with a relative standard deviation of 1.1-2.6%. The detection limits were 0.004-0.006 microg/g in milk. The proposed method was used to monitor raw milk samples for the market, and applied to the analysis of milk samples from 10 cows which had been administered with triclabendazole to control the liver fluke. The confirmation of the triclabendazole and its metabolites in the above milk sample has been achieved by electrospray LC-MS for the first time.     

Development of a rapid,multi-class method for the confirmatory analysis of anti-inflammatory drugs in bovine milk using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

A rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous identification, confirmation and quantitation of seven licensed anti-inflammatory drugs (AIDs) in bovine milk. The method was validated in accordance with the criteria defined in Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Two classes of AIDs were investigated, corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The developed method is capable of detecting and confirming dexamethasone (DXM), betamethasone (BTM), prednisolone (PRED), tolfenamic acid (TLF), 5-hydroxy flunixin (5-OH-FLU), meloxicam (MLX) and 4-methyl amino antipyrine (4-MAA) at their associated maximum residue limits (MRLs). These compounds represent all the corticosteroids and NSAIDs licensed for use in bovine animals producing milk for human consumption. These compounds have never been analysed before in the same method and also 4-methyl amino antipyrine has never been analysed with the other licensed NSAIDs. The method can be considered rapid as permits the analysis of up to 30 samples in one day. Milk samples are extracted with acetonitrile; sodium chloride is added to aid partition of the milk and acetonitrile mixture. The acetonitrile extract is then subjected to liquid–liquid purification by the addition of hexane. The purified extract is finally evaporated to dryness and reconstituted in a water/acetonitrile mixture and determination is carried out by LC–MS/MS. Decision limit (CCα) values and detection capability (CCβ) values have been established for each compound.     

Screening and quantitative confirmatory method for the analysis of glucocorticoids in bovine milk using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

An LC/MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous identification, confirmation, and quantification of 12 glucocorticoids in bovine milk. The method was validated in accordance with the criteria defined in Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The developed method can detect and confirm the presence of dexamethasone, betamethasone, prednisolone, flumethasone, 6alpha-methylprednisolone, fluorometholone, triamcinolone acetonide, prednisone, cortisone, hydrocortisone, clobetasol propionate, and clobetasol butyrate in bovine milk. Milk samples are extracted with acetonitrile; sodium chloride is subsequently added to aid partition of the milk and acetonitrile mixture. The acetonitrile extract is then subjected to liquid-liquid purification by the addition of hexane. The purified extract is evaporated to dryness and reconstituted in a water-acetonitrile mixture, and determination is carried out by LC/MS/MS. The method permits analysis of up to 30 samples in 1 day.     

亲水作用色谱-串联质谱法同时测定液态奶中三聚氰酸和三聚氰胺

建立了亲水作用色谱-串联质谱同时测定液态奶中三聚氰酸和三聚氰胺的方法。液态奶样品经体积分数2.5%甲酸溶液提取、离心后乙腈稀释,亲水作用色谱柱分离,电喷雾串联四极杆质谱检测器检测,分别在负、正离子模式下测定三聚氰酸和三聚氰胺。三聚氰酸和三聚氰胺分别在0.5～100μg/L、0.1～50μg/L范围内线性关系良好。在0.25～15mg/kg、0.1～7.5mg/kg添加水平范围内,三聚氰酸平均回收率为84.5%～98.0%(RSD为2.1%～6.1%),三聚氰胺平均回收率为85.5%～88.9%(RSD为3.2～5.8%)。三聚氰酸、三聚氰胺定量限分别为0.25mg/kg、0.1mg/kg。     

Development of an analytical method for penicillin G in bovine milk by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet-visible detection and confirmation by mass spectrometric detection

A liquid chromatographic (LC) method with ultraviolet-visible photodiode array (UV-VIS PDA) detection was developed to measure penicillin G in bovine milk. A liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) procedure was divised to confirm the LC method. The method involved diluting milk with a drug-releasing solvent consisting of acetonitrile-methanol-water and ultrafiltration through a 10,000 dalton cutoff filter. Penicillin G was separated from other components in the ultrafiltrate by ion-paired LC using a reversed-phase microbore column eluted with a 25% acetonitrile solution. The LC method was confirmed by thermospray LC-MS. The detection limit for penicillin G determination in milk was estimated to be 10 ppb for LC with UV-VIS PDA and 100 ppb for LC-MS.     

液相色谱-质谱联用法测定牛奶中14种青霉素及相应青霉噻唑酸残留量

利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定牛奶中的7种青霉素类抗生素以及7种相应的青霉噻唑酸。样品经乙腈沉淀蛋白,上清液N2吹干后,用水溶解,加入正己烷萃取除去脂肪;提取液经ACQUITY UPLCBEH C18柱分离,乙腈-乙酸铵+甲酸水溶液洗脱。14种物质峰分离良好,定量限范围在5～20μg/kg。在10～50ng/mL质量浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于等于0.999,牛奶中的加标回收率在90%～98%。     

Analysis of toldimfos in porcine muscle and bovine milk using liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry

An analytical method was developed for the detection of toldimfos sodium residues in porcine muscle and bovine milk using liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis. The drug was extracted from muscle and milk using 10 mm ammonium formate in acetonitrile and then purified using n ‐hexane. The drug was well separated on a Luna C₁₈ column using a mixture of 10 mm ammonium formate in ultrapure water (A) and acetonitrile (B) as the mobile phase. Good linearity was achieved over the tested concentration range (0.005–0.03 mg/kg) in matrix‐matched standard calibration. The determination coefficients (R ² ) were 0.9942 and 0.9898 for muscle and milk, respectively. Fortified porcine muscle and bovine milk contained concentrations equivalent to and twice the limit of quantification (0.005 mg/kg) yielded recoveries in the range of 75.58–89.74% and relative standard deviations of ≤8.87%. Samples collected from large markets located in Seoul, Republic of Korea, tested negative for toldimfos sodium residue. In conclusion, ammonium formate in acetonitrile can effectively extract toldimfos sodium from porcine muscle and bovine milk without solid‐phase extraction, which is usually required for cleanup before analysis. This method can be applied for the routine analysis of toldimfos in foods of animal origins.