褶合曲线分析法用于同步荧光光谱法同时测定苯酚和对苯二酚

采用计算机辅助褶合曲线分析法结合同步荧光光谱法对双组分体系（苯酚／对苯二酚、苯酚／邻苯二酚）同时测定。苯酚和对苯二酚的荧光光谱重叠比较严重，同步荧光光谱虽使选择性有所改善，但仍有重叠，苯酚和对苯二酚的同步荧光峰相差仅２０ｎｍ。褶合曲线分析法可很好地用来测定苯酚和对苯二酚，方法简便、准确、易于自动化，同时证明，褶合曲线分析法在荧光分析方面具有很好的应用前景。进一步试验苯酚和邻苯二酚双组分的同时测定，苯酚和邻苯二酚的同步荧光峰相差仅１０ｎｍ，结果表明，该法虽然能在苯酚存在的情况下测定邻苯二酚，但不能同时测定苯酚。     

钛基二氧化铅电催化电极的制备及电催化性能研究

以电沉积法制备了钛基PbO2电极，优化并确定了电极的制备工艺，以苯酚为目标有机物，考察了电极的电催化氧化性能，研究结果表明，该电极的电催化性能优于传统的DSA钛基RuO2电极。采用该电极，在10Ma/cm^2电流密度下通过0.72Ah电量后，可使100Ml、COD浓度为270mg/L的苯酚溶液中的苯酚完全分解，COD去除率为67.4%，单位电量COD降解量为0.254mgCOD/Ah，且电流效率随电流密度的增加而减小，初步研究了苯酚的电催化氧化机理，提出了苯酚的电催化氧化可能是由苯酚的直接电化学氧化为苯醌及苯醌的间接电化学氧化有机酸两部分组成。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定加热卷烟呼出烟气中苯酚

建立加热卷烟呼出烟气中苯酚的气相色谱质谱测定方法。采用真空辅助捕集装置对抽烟者呼出烟气进行捕集，用气相色谱质谱联用法对呼出烟气中苯酚进行定量分析。苯酚的质量浓度在0.004～0.50μg/mL的范围内线性关系良好，相关系数为0.999 5，检出限为0.000 8μg/mL，定量限为0.002 6μg/mL。测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.21%(n=6)，加标回收率为81.8%～88.9%。在吸烟机上模拟抽烟者抽吸参数抽吸加热卷烟吸入烟气中苯酚的含量，并研究了苯酚的人体截留率。结果表明抽吸加热卷烟后，人体呼出烟气中苯酚的含量显著低于吸入加热卷烟烟气以及抽吸传统卷烟后呼出烟气中苯酚的含量，人体对苯酚的截留率为79.9%～97.8%，平均截留率为94.0%，与抽吸传统卷烟时人体对苯酚的截留率接近。     

2-氯-4-溴苯酚的气相色谱分析

2-氯-4-溴苯酚在常温下为白色固体，熔点47～49℃，易挥发，具有刺激性气味，沸点233～235℃，闪点大于110℃，可溶于苯、甲苯、四氯化碳等溶剂。2-氯-4-溴苯酚是不对称有机磷杀虫剂丙溴磷的重要中间体。该中间体是由2-氯苯酚与溴反应制得，反应过程中常有副产物2-氯-6-溴苯酚生成，反应产物通常是2-氯-4-溴苯酚、2-氯-6-溴苯酚及未反应原料2-氯苯酚的混合物。2-氯-4-溴苯酚的含量对丙溴磷的生产及产品质量有很大影响，国产2-氯-4-溴苯酚的含量通常在92％左右，生产的丙溴磷有效含量通常在86％以下，对降低生产成本和产品出口极为不利。为提高丙溴磷含量，首先要提高2-氯-4-溴苯酚的含量。本文在文献的基础上采用内标标准曲线法测定2-氯-4-溴苯酚，方法简便、快速，适用于2-氯-4-溴苯酚的工业生产分析。     

氮杂冠醚研究：Ⅸ.双偶氮基开链冠醚的合成及紫外可见光谱研究

用邻硝基苯酚经过先桥接，还原，然后使生成的重氮盐分别与苯酚，取代苯酚和取代苯胺偶联的方法，合成了两类新型的双偶氮基于链有色冠醚，方法简便，产率高，在一定的酸性介质中，这类冠醚存在着铵醌互交异构。测定了它们在不同介质中的紫外可见光谱，并对最大吸收峰进行归属。     

毛细管气相色谱法分离分析苯酚和水杨醛

采用毛细管气相色谱法对由苯酚和甲醛为原料合成的水杨醛及反应物苯酚进行了分离分析。研究了水杨醛与苯酚分离的最佳条件，用正十四烷作内标物进行定量，水杨醛、苯酚在0．5～6．0g／L内有良好的线性，加标平均回收率分别为97、3％、99、0％，测定结果的相对标准偏差小于5％。     

对硝基苯酚在多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为及分析测定

水中对硝基苯酚主要来源于化工、制药行业，它有致癌作用。人们已对它的测定方法进行了大量的研究，最早采用的测定方法是分光光度法，其检测限偏高；色谱法测定对硝基苯酚，操作繁琐，仪器昂贵，分析成本高。后来又发展了一种操作更方便的直接用于测定的电化学方法。本文旨在利用碳纳米管对对硝基苯酚的吸附性能，研究对硝基苯酚在多壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为。     

D301树脂对酚类的吸附热力学研究

测定D301树脂对环己烷溶液中苯酚的吸附等温线，利用热力学函数关系计算了等量吸附焓，吸附自由能和吸附熵，等量吸附焓在30kJ/mol-35kJ/mol之间，推测吸附过程为氢键吸附。比较D301树脂对水溶液和环己烷溶液中苯酚的吸附性能，及D301树脂对环己烷溶液中苯酚和邻硝苯酚的吸附性能，进一步讨论了D301树脂对酚类物质吸附中的氢键作用。     

日本发明新型苯酚合成工艺

日本Daicel化工公司与大阪的关西大学应用化学系合作开发了利用苯和一氧化碳一步合成苯酚的新工艺，该工艺有别于以往提出的一些直接法苯酚生产技术。在这种新工艺中，苯在有空气（0．5～1MPa分压）存在的环境中与起还原剂作用的一氧化碳（0．5～1MPa分压）反应而直接合成苯酚。反应采用一种非均相催化体系如磷酸钼钒，可以在90℃乙酸水溶液中进行。在实验室条件下，已经取得了25％～30％的单程转化率和90％的苯酚选择性。这种新工艺能大大降低苯酚的生产成本，不产生任何副产物。应用这一技术或者加以某些必要的改进，还能从取代苯出发生产相应的酚类化合物。因此，Daicel公司正计划与大规模生产苯酚的公司合作，对这一生产工艺实施工业化。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定D-烯丙基苯酚和p／O-丁酰基苯酚在番茄中的残留量

建立了O-烯丙基苯酚、p／O-丁酰基苯酚在番茄中残留量的反相高效液相色谱分析方法。样品前处理过程简便，方法准确可靠，灵敏度和准确度达到了农药残留检测的要求。O-烯丙基苯酚、p／O-丁酰基苯酚在番茄中的最低检测浓度为0．01mg／kg；方法的添加回收率(0．05～1．00mg／kg)在87．7％～95．1％之间。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.