融合自制微视频的化学教学论实验教学研究

介绍了化学教学论实验的重要性、教学现状以及自制微视频在教学中的优势和作用,基于学习金字塔理论和合作学习理论,阐述融合自制微视频进行化学教学论实验教学的过程,分析实际教学情况。聚焦探讨自制微视频的教学方式在高校化学教学论实验课程中的教学促进作用,通过训练学生自制微视频进行实验教学,将信息技术与实验教学整合起来,培养职前教师的实验技能、教学实践能力和信息技术应用能力。     

普通化学实验课程基本操作微视频的制作与应用*

针对普通化学实验课程中基本操作多且涉及面广、基础性强、教学难度大的特点,以及国内相关微视频教学资源匮乏的现状,设计制作了普通化学实验课程基本操作微视频。微视频的制作过程是对化学实验微视频设计思路和制作方法的有益探索。以微视频支持的实验教学模式,有效弥补了传统课堂实验教学的缺憾,增强了操作型教学的准确性和学生自主学习的积极性,大大提高了实验教学效果,促进了实验教学模式的改革。设计制作的微视频具有易于推广、易于激发学生学习热情等优点,可为国内高校的实验教学提供视频资源和教学模式改革思路。     

综合设计性实验在药学有机化学实验教学中的应用

为了提高有机化学实验教学质量，培养学生的科研素养和创新能力。根据药学相关专业培养目标，开设了"5，5-二苯基乙内酰脲制备"综合设计性实验项目，学生通过文献检索、方案制定、合成条件探索及优化、结果分析等实践环节，不仅提高了实验技能和分析解决问题的能力，而且深刻感受到了绿色化学在有机合成中的重要意义。由此可见，综合设计性实验在培养学生创新能力和综合素质方面发挥着重要作用，值得进一步推广和完善。     

分析化学实验教学改革实践

探讨分析化学实验教学中存在的问题，总结分析化学实验教学中通过“重基础、强应用”提高学生分析化学实验技能和解决实际问题能力的教学改革实践。     

管理学理论在基础化学实验教学中的应用

在当前实验教学改革的基础上,分析了基础化学实验教学过程中学生存在的问题及能力不足的现状;将管理学的"破窗效应"、"鲶鱼效应"、"木桶原理"等理论创新地应用到基础化学实验教学中,探讨了这些理论在基础化学实验教学中进行学生综合能力培养的应用,实验教学效果显著提高。     

结合理论课堂的知识点设计高分子材料合成实验课程

尝试在"高分子材料合成创新实验"课程中将理论课的知识点巧妙地融入到实验教学中，有目的地设置实验环节，通过对实验现象的分析，帮助学生巩固理论课知识点。为了充分利用实验的等待时间，在有目的地组织学生对实验进行预习的基础上，还尝试"激励学生参与"实验课的教学，鼓励学生以实验小组的形式讲解与实验相关联的理论知识，进一步巩固相关知识点，并扩充知识面。2年的实验教学反馈表明，这些尝试既有效巩固了理论课堂的知识点，做到了活学活用，又激发了学生的学习兴趣，提高了分析问题的能力。     

基于信息技术的高师化学教学论实验教学改革与实践*

在高师化学教学论实验教学过程中,为及时、充分指导学生的实验操作,加强学生间的反思交流,课题组在现有化学仿真实验平台辅助教学论实验的基础上,利用手机微信平台和化学仿真实验平台,针对实验操作和实验教学等2方面设计并制作了教学微视频,构建了信息化教学新模式。实践效果表明:该模式满足了学生的个性化学习和分层教学需求,提高了高师化学教学论实验的教学效果,具有实践价值。     

多媒体教育技术在基础化学实验教学中的应用初探

在多媒体教育技术已经广泛应用于理论教学课堂的今天[1,2],该技术在实验教学过程中的应用仍需得到进一步的加强。本文结合无机与分析化学实验课的教学内容,对基础化学实验教学过程中多媒体教育技术的应用进行初步探讨。1多媒体技术在化学实验教学中的应用优势1.1可以有效地帮助学生预习实验实验前的预习很重要。在实验教学中,很多学校都有不预习就不能进入实验室进行实验的规定。实验前的预习包括理解实验原理,熟悉实验步骤等内容。对于某些实验来说,仅仅根据书中的文字和有限的图例进行预习的效果并不理想。比如分析天平的称量练习,滴定分…     

以举办化学实验竞赛为契机,推动化学实验教学发展

第10届大学生化学实验竞赛在北京化工大学成功举行,大学生化学实验竞赛能检验学生掌握化学实验技能和操作水平的情况,促进学生更好地了解和掌握实验仪器,锻炼学生的动手能力和创新意识,培养学生严谨科学的态度。通过"北京市大学生化学实验竞赛"这个平台,高校之间更好地交流了化学实验教学的经验,并以此为契机促进化学实验教学的改革,提高化学实验教学水平。     

化学实验中洗气瓶的"一物多用"

化学实验中的“一物多用”就是一件实验仪器或一个实验装置能做多个不同性质的化学实验。这是化学实验教学中培养学生想象力和创造力的重要途径，因此，教学中有意识启发学生利用生活用品或废品代替或自制实验用品，并且能“一物多用”，这既能培养学生的改革意识和创新素质，还能激活学生对化学仪器以及实验代用品的使用兴趣，     

国内光催化研究进展简述

分1975~1985, 1985~1995和1995~2012三个时期简要介绍了国内光催化研究进展, 主要侧重于光催化材料及其改性、应用和反应机理方面的研究进展, 并指出了当前光催化领域存在的一些重要问题和未来的发展趋势, 涉及到光解水、CO₂还原、环境净化和选择性有机合成等方面.     

青蒿素研究进展

青蒿素是目前治疗疟疾的特效药。本文对自青蒿素发现以来的最新研究进展进行了比较详尽的综述。内容包括: 青蒿素的发现及历史, 青蒿素的来源, 青蒿素的全合成,青蒿素的生物合成, 青蒿素衍生物以及植物组织培养生产青蒿素。     

Reactions in droplets in microfluidic channels

Fundamental and applied research in chemistry and biology benefits from opportunities provided by droplet-based microfluidic systems. These systems enable the miniaturization of reactions by compartmentalizing reactions in droplets of femoliter to microliter volumes. Compartmentalization in droplets provides rapid mixing of reagents, control of the timing of reactions on timescales from milliseconds to months, control of interfacial properties, and the ability to synthesize and transport solid reagents and products. Droplet-based microfluidics can help to enhance and accelerate chemical and biochemical screening, protein crystallization, enzymatic kinetics, and assays. Moreover, the control provided by droplets in microfluidic devices can lead to new scientific methods and insights.     

Recent Advances in Analytical Methodology for in vivo Electrochemistry in Mammals

Electrochemistry is one of the most advanced techniques for monitoring neurochemical activities in the living brain because electrochemical approaches bear the advantageous features of high spatial and temporal resolutions, which facilitate its tremendous potential in investigating the highly spatially heterogeneous brain system and the fast dynamics of neurochemical activities. On the other hand, since brain is the most complicated organ in the sense of its numerous kinds of neurochemical species, high selectivity is always required for any analytical methods that approach the brain. In this review, we will discuss various electrochemical methodologies to achieve selective detection of neurochemicals in mammalian brain and the strategies developed mainly by our group towards selective monitoring of both electrochemically active and inactive neurochemicals. At the end, we will discuss possible solutions towards brain mapping of neurochemical species and combination of neurochemical detection strategy with electrophysiology as the direction of future development of electroanalysis in living brain.     

Gemini表面活性剂合成进展*

系统总结了近百种Gemini表面活性剂的合成路线和方法,并且按照其结构特点分门别类地进行比较和归纳,对今后Gemini表面活性剂的合成发展方向提出了一些看法,这对促进此类新颖表面活性剂的工业化进程将具有指导意义。     

乙基香兰素研究前景

报导了近几十年来国内外关于乙基香兰素的研究进展与动态,并简单介绍了本文作者在该方面所取得的研究成果,参考文献33篇。     

Interpretation of inorganic arsenic metabolism in humans in the light of observations made in vitro and in vivo in the rat

The toxicity of inorganic trivalent arsenic for living organisms is reduced by in vivo methylation of the element. In man, this biotransformation leads to the synthesis of monomethylarsonic (MMA) and dimethylarsinic (DMA) acids, which are efficiently eliminated in urine along with the unchanged form (As_i). In order to document the methylation process in humans, the kinetics of As_i, MMA and DMA elimination were studied in volunteers given a single dose of one of these three arsenicals or repeated doses of As_i. The arsenic methylation efficiency was also assessed in subjects acutely intoxicated with arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃) and in patients with liver diseases. Several observations in humans can be explained by the properties of the enzymic systems involved in the methylation process which we have characterized in vitro and in vivo in rats as follows: (1) production of As_i metabolites is catalyzed by an enzymic system whose activity is highest in liver cytosol; (2) different enzymic activities, using the same methyl group donor (S-adenosylmethionine), lead to the production of mono- and di-methylated derivatives which are excreted in urine as MMA and DMA; (3) dimethylating activity is highly sensitive to inhibition by excess of inorganic arsenic; (4) reduced glutathione concentration in liver moderates the arsenic methylation process through several mechanisms, e.g. stimulation of the first methylation reaction leading to MMA, facilitation of As_i uptake by hepatocytes, stimulation of the biliary excretion of the element, reduction of pentavalent forms before methylation, and protection of a reducing environment in the cells necessary to maintain the activity of the enzymic systems.     

Trends in education in analytical chemistry

Summary At the session of the WPAC of Fechem on education in analytical chemistry it was concluded that it is now essential to include chemometrics and basic knowledge of computers in all courses on analytical chemistry.

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Tendenzen in der analytisch-chemischen Ausbildung

Zusammenfassung Bei einer Tagung der WPAC über die Lehre auf dem Gebiet der analytischen Chemie wurde bei der Betrachtung neuer Aspekte festgestellt, daß vor allem Chemometrie und Grundkenntnisse in Computertechnik in die Ausbildung aufgenommen werden sollten.

     

钙与人体及临床

钙是宏量元素，是人体中含量较高的元素之一，体内99％的钙构成骨骼和牙齿以及维持骨骼结构，1％的钙调节人体重要生理功能。钙的含量过高或过低都与许多疾病有关，只有保持一种平衡状态，才能使机体处于正常环境。     

Advances in passive sampling in environmental studies

Passive sampling is based on the phenomenon of mass transport due to the difference between chemical potentials of analytes in a given environmental compartment and the collection medium inside a dosimeter. The subsequent laboratory procedure (i.e. extraction, identification and determination of analytes) is the same as in the case of classic sampling techniques.Passive sampling techniques are characterized by simplicity with regard to the dosimeter's construction as well as its maintenance. Therefore, they find ever increasing application in the field of environmental research and analytics. When choosing a passive sampling method, one should not forget that some passive samplers require the time-consuming calibration step before being used in the field.Novel solutions and modifications of existing sampler designs have been presented. Practical application of passive dosimetry in environmental analytics, including sampling of water, soil, air and other atypical media are discussed. Some aspects of calibration methods in passive dosimetry are also described. The latest trends in the application of passive sampling are highlighted.