应用控制气氛光谱法提高难熔金属中难熔杂质分析灵敏度

控制气氛光谱分析是利用气体的不同物理及化学特性,改善放电区域中的光辐射作用。本文设计了两种控制气氛气室,试验了以Ar与O_2及Ar与CO_2作为控制气氛时对难熔金属氧化物中难熔杂质的有关条件,制订了五种分析方法。这些方法,由于利用了控制气氛,提高了对难熔杂质的蒸发速度,压抑了主体影响,给出了良好的激发条件,降低了背景,消除了氰带,从而提高了Ta,Nb,Zr,Hf氧化物中难熔杂质元素如Ti,Al,V,Zr,Mo,W,Nb,Ta的分析灵敏度。     

储氢合金电极的表面修饰研究

利用等离子体技术对AA型MH/Ni电池的储氢合金电极进行了镀覆导电膜层的表面修饰,用XRD及SEM对电极结构进行了表征.极片经过表面修饰的电池,其内阻降低了24％,放电容量有了明显提高,5C (7.5 A) 放电容量提高了200 mA•h,放电平台电压提高了约0.14 V,导电膜层还起到了电极保护层的作用,抑制了合金的粉化,提高了电池的循环稳定性.同时,电池内压显著降低,电池性能有了较大改善.     

Design of a PFW European type impact crusher

介绍了一种PFW欧版反击式破碎机,由于该机采用了重型转子装置,取得了较好的破碎效果。该破碎机结构科学合理,使用安全可靠,维护方便快捷。与传统反击式破碎机相比,不仅延长了设备的使用寿命,缩短了耐磨件的更换时间,而且提高了生产效率,增加了经济效益。     

前言

自20世纪初期,德国化学家EmilFischer首先合成了甘氨酸二肽片段,并第一次提出“peptide”（多肽）这一名词,多肽化学的研究已经历了100多年的发展．1953年,Vigneand小组首次完成了生物活性肽催产素的合成,并因此于1955年获得了诺贝尔化学奖．1963年,Merrifield提出了多肽固相合成法,并发明了第一台多肽自动合成仪,大大简化了多肽合成的流程、提高了合成的效率,从而促使多肽化学实现了飞跃式发展,Merrifield也因此获得了1984年诺贝尔化学奖．1965年,我国科学家完成了牛结晶胰岛素的合成,     

塑料工业技术开发热点及其市场预测

本文简述了塑科将成为未来世纪的主要工业材料,介绍了80年代至本世纪末,世界主要国家塑料工业的主要品种,产量,生产能力;分析了90年代世界塑料市场供需状况,并重点探讨了中国塑料市场供需矛盾,预测了2000年需求总量,提出了今后发展应注意的关键问题。最后,重点探讨了世界塑料工业几个主要品种,今后发展趋势及一些关键技术的开发热点。     

共聚反应单体竞聚率测定实验的设计与实践

通过实际教学情况,设计实施了共聚反应单体竞聚率测定的设计性教学实验,并以核磁共振的方法进行结果测定。通过实验教学,学生掌握了温度变化对竞聚率影响的实验方法,提高了理论联系实际的能力,使抽象理论实际化,让学生初步建立起抽象与具体的联系,并且充分拓展了学生的视野和思维。在增加了实验趣味性的同时也优化了教学方式和课程体系,取得了良好的教学效果。     

分析化学实验课程教学大纲的标准化改造与构建

基于工程教育专业认证标准的要求,结合专业课程的特点,对我校制药工程专业的分析化学实验教学大纲进行了标准化改造。标准化的教学大纲更加突出了专业适用性,关联了教学要求与教学内容和考核评定,增加了考核量化指标与课程持续改进的方式,进一步规范了分析化学实验课程的教学。标准教学大纲的构建为实验教学活动提供了更加明确的指导,有利于缩小不同教师教学的差异性,保证了实验教学的质量,为建立可持续完善的工程类实验教学标准体系提供了具体参考。     

食品安全与健康——深圳市卫生部门食品安全保障体系

回顾了国际国内的食品安全问题以及管理现状,着重介绍了深圳市卫生部门食品安全保障工作.近几年,深圳市有效运行了食品污染物监测网络,基本掌握了食品安全存在的问题,通过对问题食品的追溯,从根本上着手解决问题,控制了污染食品进入餐桌;以风险评估作为科学手段,做好重点食品污染物的监测预警;引导和提醒消费者提高自我保护意识,为政府制定相关决策提供了依据,从而显著地减少了食源性疾病的发生,有效地保障了公众的身体健康.     

基础化学实验室的建设与管理

化学实验室是全面完成化学教学任务的重要基地。 我院2002年建立了设备比较先进的化学实验室,给学生创造了良好的实验条件,并进行了科学化的管理,规定了各种规章制度和有关职责,较好地完成了化学教学任务。在实践中。采取：固定优秀代课教师兼管,勤工助学学生帮忙的管理办法,既减轻教师的劳动强度,又培养了学生的技能,且协调了各种关系,有利于化学教学质量的提高。     

全钒液流电池碳电极材料的研究进展

近年来,全钒液流电池作为一种大规模储能装置,其电极材料得到了广泛的研究,并且获得了一定的进展.本文简述了全钒液流电池对电极材料的要求,综述了其电极材料的研究进展,重点介绍了碳电极及其改性方面的工作,并对其电极材料的发展趋势进行了展望.     

Electric field effects in proteins in membranes

Both the organization and function of protein nanostructures in membranes are related to the substructural properties of the lipid portion of the membrane. Potential differences that are established across the membrane and generate electric fields in these very thin portions are shown to modulate the organizational and functional properties of the protein modules. Many protein modules also have nonisotropic distributions of charged sites, including configurations in which there are regions containing predominantly positive fixed charges, juxtaposed with adjacent regions containing predominantly negative fixed charges. In these double fixed charge regions, very large electric fields can manifest in the ionic depletion layer at the junction of the two fixed charge regions.Consideration is also given to the manner in which the intense electric fields that are established in protein modules, such as proton ATPases, can modulate the chemical reactions that are associated with proton transport and dehydration reactions.     

水环境中铜的光化学研究进展

水环境中的铜主要以配合物形式存在,大多具有光化学活性.由于铜在光化学过程中的氧化还原循环可以导致其配体以及水体中有机污染物的降解,所以铜及其配合物在污染修复技术中的应用逐渐受到关注.本文综述了水环境中铜的光化学研究进展以及在多相和均相光催化体系中铜对污染修复的影响.     

Biases in summary statistics of slopes and intercepts in linear regression with errors in both variables

Monte Carlo simulations are employed to investigate the bias in linear regression parameters for cases in which both variables are subject to normally distributed errors. Both homoscedastic and heteroscedastic errors are treated. The results show that, in general, the arithmetic mean, geometric mean, and angle mean (tangent of the mean of the arctangents) of the slopes are biased and non-normally distributed. The arithmetic and geometric means of the intercepts are generally biased and non-normally distributed as well. However, for all the cases considered, the medians of the slopes and of the intercepts are found to be unbiased. In view of the non-normal distributions of the slopes and intercepts, a nonparametric method is used to determine confidence intervals for the slopes and intercepts.     

离子液体中的生物催化反应

本文综述了近年来离子液体中生物催化反应的研究进展。离子液体作为新的绿色溶剂,用于生物催化反应具有以下特点:在离子液体中酶有良好的稳定性、选择性和反应活性。离子液体可溶解极性大的反应物, 产物易分离,酶和离子液体可重复使用。对离子液体中的生物催化进行了展望。     

Enzymes Hosted in Reverse Micelles in Hydrocarbon Solution

Reverse micelles are spheroidal aggregates formed by certain surfactants in apolar media. In contrast to normal micelles in water, the polar head groups of the surfactant molecules are directed towards the interior of the aggregate and form a polar core which can solubilize water (the “water pool”); the lipophilic chains are exposed to the solvent. The water of the water pool exhibits properties that (depending on the mole ratio of water to surfactant) differ from those of bulk water. Surprisingly, these reverse micelles are able to solubilize in hydrocarbon solvents hydrophilic molecules, e.g., enzymes and even plasmids, that are much larger than the original water-pool diameter. These biopolymer-containing reverse micelles can be viewed as novel microreactors, whose physical properties can be controlled through the water content. Remarkable is the ability of enzyme-containing micelles to react with water-insoluble, hydrocarbon-soluble substrates, as in the example of lipoxygenase with linoleic acid.     

Field Effects in Nematic Liquid Crystals in Terms of Catastrophe Theory

The field effects in nematic liquid crystal layers are reanalysed using catastrophe theory. The layer with pretilted director orientation and obliquely applied magnetic field, the hybrid aligned nematic cell and twisted nematic structures are considered. The stable solutions are identified and transitions between them are specified. The results are in essential agreement with previous work. Some details concerning the behaviour near the threshold are revealed.     

Dielectrophoresis applications in biomedical field and future perspectives in biomedical technology

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a technique to manipulate trajectories of polarisable particles in nonuniform electric fields by utilizing unique dielectric properties. The manipulation of a cell using DEP has been demonstrated in various modes, thereby indicating potential applications in the biomedical field. In this review, recent DEP applications in the biomedical field are discussed. This review is intended to highlight research work that shows significant approach related to DEP application in biomedical field reported between 2016 and 2020. First, single-shell model and multiple-shell model of cells are introduced. Current device structures and recently introduced electrode patterns for DEP applications are discussed. Second, the biomedical uses of DEP in liquid biopsies, stem cell-based therapies, and diagnosis of infectious diseases due to bacteria and viruses are presented. Finally, the challenges in DEP research are discussed, and the reported solutions are explained. DEP's potential research directions are mentioned.     

DNA-lipid interactions in vitro and in vivo

The data on lipid-nucleic interactions and their role in vitro and in vivo are presented. The results of study of DNA-lipid complexes in absence and in presence of divalent metal cations (triple complexes) are discussed. The triple complexes represent the generation of cellular structures such as pore complexes of eucaryotes and "Bayer's junctions" of procaryotes. The participation of triple complexes in the formation of structure of bacterial and eucaryotic nucleoid and nuclear matrix is analysed. A model of formation of triple complexes and cellular structures and their role in DNA-lipid interactions are discussed.     

Education in the nuclear sciences in Japanese universitites

Although there are 430 govemment and private universities in Japan, only a limited number of them have departments associated with nuclear science education. Moreover, mainly because of financial pressures, this association is often limited to government universities. Nuclear engineering departments are incorporated with only seven of the larger universities, and there are three institutes with nuclear reactors. In these facilities, education in reactor physics, radiation measurements, electromagnetic and material sciences, are conducted. In terms of radiation safety and radiological health physics, tem radioisotope centers and seven radiochemistry laboratories in universities play an important role. Virtually all of the financial support for nuclear education comes from the Japanese Govemment via the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture. These are supplemented via private and corporate grants to various university faculty members. In addition to these universities, and private/corporate research institutes, The Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute teaches a short lecture course in nuclear science on a regular basis.     

Field Effects in Nematic Liquid Crystals in Terms of Catastrophe Theory

Abstract

The field effects in nematic liquid crystal layers are reanalysed using catastrophe theory. The layer with pretilted director orientation and obliquely applied magnetic field, the hybrid aligned nematic cell and twisted nematic structures are considered. The stable solutions are identified and transitions between them are specified. The results are in essential agreement with previous work. Some details concerning the behaviour near the threshold are revealed.