非化学专业有机化学实验教学中对学生科研思维的培养

研究型大学对学生科研思维的培养至关重要,有机化学实验作为近化学专业类学生重要的基础实验课程,对学生操作技能、创新能力和科研思维培养有重要作用。本文以非化学专业本科生有机化学实验"大学化学实验(O)"的教学实践为例,从学生学习方式、教师教学方法、实验教学内容设置等方面阐述如何在教学过程中完成对学生科研思维的培养。     

“产出导向”理念在化学专业英语教学中的实践

在师范认证背景下,针对现阶段师范院校化学专业英语教学的特点和存在的问题,笔者贯彻“产出导向”理念,通过增设课前展示、使用思维导图、创新课程思政等方法进行教学探索。实践证明,上述做法能够提高教学质量,提升学生的教学能力、学习能力和育人能力,达到化学专业师范生毕业要求。     

大类培养模式下非化学化工专业有机化学教学改革

针对非化学化工专业学生在学习有机化学时出现的"有机化学无用论、乏味论和繁难论"等现象,对有机化学课程教学的各个环节(包括绪论设置、新课导入、课堂教学内容编排、教学手段、考核方式)进行改革探索,旨在为"促进非化学化工专业有机化学教学改革,提高学生学习效率"提供相应的研究思路和方法.     

结合制药工程专业特色进行有机化学教学——以有机物红外光谱分析教学为例

为突出有机化学在不同专业方向的教学特色,结合实际教学经验,针对制药工程专业特点,以有机物红外光谱分析教学为例,从教学内容、教学手段及实践性教学环节等几个方面探索制药工程专业“有机化学”教学改革。实践表明,通过把化学、药学等各学科知识有机地融合在一起、互相渗透、多层综合,学生自己明显感到学到的知识连贯了, 系统了,学习的主观能动性和应用知识解决实际问题的能力也提高了。     

临床医学专业的有机化学教学

结合教学一线老教师的教学经验,从培养和提高学生对有机化学课程的兴趣以及该课程教学模式的改进这两个方面总结临床医学专业有机化学的教学经验和体会。     

师范专业认证背景下无机化学课程教学改革探索*

以北京师范大学化学专业的无机化学课程改革为例,从教学内容、教学方法、课程考核等方面探讨无机化学课程优化和改革。明确教学目标,提升教学质量,达成化学(师范)专业的毕业要求,全面提升学生的思想政治素养、专业知识技能和教育情怀。     

师范专业认证背景下化学师范生的教育实践训练体系构建与实践

基于师范专业认证“学生中心、产出导向、持续改进”的理念，根据化学师范生教育实践存在的问题，着眼于“一践行三学会”的毕业要求，构建了“四年相融、三习贯通、以赛促学”的化学师范生教育实践训练体系：大一“读与讲”、大二“观与写”、大三“练与思”、大四“做与研”,持续提升化学师范生的教育实践能力和师德修养。开展多主体多形式的教育实践教学评价，加强过程性评价和表现性评价，从师资培养、基地建设、协同育人、制度完善、监督管理等方面，确保化学师范生教育实践训练体系的顺利实施和实践效果。     

非化学专业大学生创新能力培养初探

针对非化学专业的特点,从转变教学观念,立足化学基础,加强能力和素质的培养,调整化学实验内容,建立化学创新平台等方面探讨了非化学专业大学生创新能力的培养。     

一种简易型混合式教学法在有机化学小班教学中的尝试

针对有机化学教学改革现状,利用现有网络教学资源及化学资料,将问题式教学法和翻转课堂教学理念融入传统教学方法中,构建了一种简易型混合式教学法,并应用于生物学专业拔尖学生试验班有机化学小班教学实践。结果表明,简易型混合式教学法能够培养学生学习兴趣,提高化学文献查阅、交流沟通、团队协作等综合能力,因而有助于提高有机化学的教学质量,促进拔尖人才的培养。     

基于创新型化学专业学生培养的有机化学教学改革与实践

基于创新型化学专业学生培养,兰州大学有机化学课程持续进行教学改革与实践,本文从有机化学课程目标、改革举措、创新特色、教学评价及改革成效等方面进行了总结,以进一步提高课程教学质量。     

充满生机和科学机遇的磷化学研究所

简要地综述了第十五届国际磷化学会议的报告内容，介绍了目前磷化学的主要 研究领域，包括不对称合成、配合化学，生物碱化学，药物化学，农业化学等相关 领域的研究动态及新进展。     

Biologically inspired 3Fe4S cluster as structural mimics of FeMoco M-cluster

A 3Fe4S cluster related to M-cluster of Mo-nitrogenase is reported. [K(THF)₅][Fe₃(μ-bdt)₂(μ-PPh₂)(CO)₅] ( 1 ) is synthesized from photo-assisted structural rearrangement of [K(THF)₂][(μ,κ²-bdt)Fe₂(μ-PPh₂)(CO)₅] under visible light irradiation. The molecular structure of 1 consists of a Fe₃ core bearing one dithiolate bridge and the second dithiolate group capping onto the metallic plane. The structural motif of 1 is analogous to that of Mo-participated 3Fe4S unit in M-cluster of Mo-nitrogenase, with the similar Fe-Fe and Fe-S bond distances. Upon protonation in 193 K, a Fe-hydride species ( 1H ) is generated and characterized to possess the bridging hydride group (δ = −12.57 ppm) by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculation. In CH₃CN solution, complex 1 exhibits a reversible reduction and oxidation process at $E_{1/2}^{\mathrm{red}}$ = −1.94 V and $E_{1/2}^{\mathrm{ox}}$ = −0.18 V, respectively, at 273 K. The reduction behavior of 1 in CH₂Cl₂ solution at 243 K displays a slight modification in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid, revealing a moderate anodic potential shift (~50 mV). The current amplitude of the reduction wave is linearly increased with the increasement of acid added, indicative of the catalytic event.     

Dual zinc catalysts for L‐lactide polymerization and reaction of CO2 with cyclohexene oxide

A series of zinc complexes, [ L ^X ZnEt] ( 1–5 ) and [ L ^X Zn ₂ (OAc) ₃ ] (6–9) , associated with NNO‐tridentate Schiff base ligands (2‐(((2‐((cyclohexyl[methyl]amino)methyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenolate (CAP) derivatives), were synthesized, and their activity toward ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of L‐lactide (LA) and the reaction of CO₂ with cyclohexene oxide were also investigated. All of [ L ^X ZnEt] revealed excellent catalytic activity to ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of LA in the presence of benzyl alcohol. Among them, [ L ^H ZnEt] (1) showed the highest activity with 82% conversation within 45 s. In contrast, [L ^X Zn ₂ (OAc) ₃ ] (6–9) were inactive in ROP of L‐lactide. In addition, all of these Zn complexes demonstrated moderate activity in the reaction of CO₂ with cyclohexene oxide in the presence of Bu₄NCl.     

环戊二烯类有机金属含硫族化学的新进展

本文系统地综述了环戊二烯类有机过渡金属含硫族(S, Se, Te) 化学领域的研究现状和进展。参考文献136 篇。     

The Chemistry of Protactinium

Protactinium exhibits an ambivalent chemical behavior. In non-aqueous solutions and in the solid state, both quadrivalent and quinquevalent protactinium has properties which characterize it as a typical actinide element. On the other hand, investigations in aqueous solution show quinquevalent protactinium to be a homologue of niobium and tantalum. It exhibits – except in hydrofluoric acid solutions – a marked tendency to undergo irreversible hydrolysis and condensation reactions, which leads to the situation that tracer amounts (ca. 10^?12 mole/l) and macroscopic amounts (10^?3–10^?6 mole/l) of protactinium often behave differently. Reduction with strong reducing agents gives aqueous solutions of Pa(IV), the properties of which again correspond in general to those of Th(IV) and show no relation to Nb(IV). Our knowledge of the chemical behavior of this rare radioelement has been advanced, in particular, by the production in 1958–1960 of 100 g of pure protactinium – the largest amount so far – from residues of the British production of uranium.     

化学学科的新视角及其在化学教育中的反映

传统化学以研究变化,关注变化前后的结果而著称。化学与其他学科,特别是生命科学的相互渗透使得化学的动态特征更加突出,化学学科格局也因之发生了变化。因此,化学需要新认识。     

有机化学进展(2011~2012)

本文综述了中国大陆地区有机化学研究人员2011至2012年两年内在合成方法学、有机合成化学、元素有机化学以及天然产物化学等领域获得的重要成果。文章中共引用参考文献355篇,其中110多篇手性金属配合物和有机小分子催化的不对称反应、金属催化的碳氢键活化等合成方法学论文和30余篇氟有机化学论文基本来源于德国《应用化学》(国际版)和《美国化学杂志》。本文汇集了中国有机化学家两年中合成的150多个具有生物活性和化学结构多样性的天然产物,其中不乏具有高度挑战性的复杂天然分子。在近两年中中国有机化学家从陆地和海洋的生物体内发现各种不同类型新天然产物90多个。     

Novel arylpyridine‐based 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles: Synthesis,antibacterial, and anti‐inflammatory evaluation

In view of developing novel bioactive compounds, a series of 2‐(5‐[2‐methyl‐6‐arylpyridin‐3‐yl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐ylthio)‐1‐arylethanones (6a–n) were designed and synthesized in good yield. Novel compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities. All synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bascillus subtilis, Eschericia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Compounds 6a , 6b , 6c , 6h , and 6i displayed the highest antibacterial activity with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 6.25–12.5 μg/mL in comparison with the standard Ciprofloxacin. The results of anti‐inflammatory activity of carrageenan‐induced footpad edema assay indicated that tested compounds exhibited remarkable anti‐inflammatory activity with percentage of inhibition of 63.9–70.1% (potency 96.8–106.20% of indomethacin activity) after 3 hr. Particularly, 6c – e and 6j – l were found to be excellent inhibitors of inflammation, with potential higher than that of the standard, Indomethacin.     

Novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives embedded with benzimidazole moiety as potent antioxidants

Fourteen novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives bearing benzimidazole moiety ( 7a-n ) have been synthesized using the one-pot nitro reductive cyclization method. All the synthesized compounds were confirmed by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), ¹³C NMR, fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), mass spectrum, and elemental analyses. All the title compounds were subjected to in vitro antioxidant activity. The free radical scavenging activity of the compounds was examined using DPPH, nitric oxide, and superoxide radical scavenging methods. The results demonstrated that compound 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-6-4-tolyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine ( 7c ) was potent in scavenging both DPPH and nitric oxide radical with IC₅₀ values of 13.57 and 18.55 μg/ml when compared to the standard with IC₅₀ values of 23.75 and 23.14 μg/ml, respectively, which was due to the presence of electron-donating groups. The activity was found to decline when electron-donating groups were replaced by electron-withdrawing groups. Moderate scavenging activity was observed for the superoxide radical. Structure activity relationship and physiochemical properties were studied for all the derivatives.