Gd_xY_（1－x）P_5O_（14）：Ce，Tb的发光和能量传递Ⅱ．Ce→

研究了Ｇｄ＿ｘＹ＿（１－ｘ）Ｐ＿５Ｏ＿（１４）：Ｃｅ＿（０．０１），Ｔｂ＿（０．０２）体系中Ｇｄ的子晶格在Ｃｅ→Ｇｄ→Ｔｂ能量传递中的中介作用规律及ＧｄＰ＿５Ｏ＿（１４），ＧｄＰ＿５Ｏ＿（１４）：Ｃｅ，ＧｄＰ＿５Ｏ＿（１４）：Ｔｂ和Ｇｄ＿ｘＹ＿（１－ｘ）Ｐ＿５Ｏ＿（１４）：Ｃｅ，Ｔｂ的荧光光谱、激发光谱。结果表明，当ｘ＞０．７时，结构从单斜Ⅱ（Ｃ２／ｃ）的层状结构变为单斜Ｉ（Ｐ２＿１／ｃ）的带状结构，Ｃｅ￣（３＋）的发射光谱和Ｇｄ￣（３＋）的吸收光谱交迭增加等是Ｃｅ￣（３＋）→Ｇｄ￣（３＋）→Ｔｂ￣（３＋）能量传递几率增加的主要原因。     

SDM－1型耐硫催化剂甲烷化反应动力学Ⅱ．宏观动力学模型

本文以工业应用为目的，采用内循环无梯度反应器，在５７３～６７３Ｋ，０．３０～１．２０ＭＰａ的条件下，原料气组成为Ｈ＿２５０～５４％，ＣＯ１１．７～２０．７％，ＣＨ＿４２．１～１４．３％，ＣＯ＿２６．４～１１．５％，Ｎ＿２１２．２～１８．１％范围内，研究了φ５×３ｍｍＳＤＭ－１型城市煤气耐硫甲烷化催化剂的宏观动力学方程。选择ＣＯ＋３Ｈ＿２＝ＣＨ＿４＋Ｈ＿２Ｏ（１）ＣＯ＋Ｈ＿２Ｏ＝ＣＯ＿２＋Ｈ＿２（２）为系统的独立反应，获得了可靠的动力学模型，井讨论了反应条件对甲烷化反应效率因子的影响。     

金属键有机化合物的研究──非对称型η~5－取代环戊二烯基三羰基钼（钨）金属单键化合物的合成及表征

通过η５－Ｒ~１Ｃ＿５Ｈ＿４（ＣＯ）＿３ＭＮａ与η~５－Ｒ~２Ｃ＿５Ｈ＿４（ＣＯ）＿３ＭＮａ（Ｍ＝Ｍｏ，Ｗ）以及η~５－Ｒ~１Ｃ＿５Ｈ＿４（ＣＯ）＿３ＭｏＮａ与η~５－Ｒ~２Ｃ＿５Ｈ＿４（ＣＯ）＿３ＷＮａ在Ｆｅ＿２（ＳＯ＿４）＿３醋酸水溶液作用下的交叉氧化偶联反应，合成了７个新的非对称型金属单键化合物η~５－Ｒ~１Ｃ＿５Ｈ＿４（ＣＯ）－３Ｍｏ─Ｍｏ（ＣＯ）＿３Ｃ＿５Ｈ＿４Ｒ~２－η~５（Ｒ~１，Ｒ~２：Ｃ（Ｏ）Ｍｅ，ＣＯ２Ｅｔ），η５－Ｒ１Ｃ５Ｎ４（ＣＯ）３Ｗ─Ｗ（ＣＯ）３Ｃ５Ｈ４Ｒ２－η５（Ｒ１，Ｒ２：Ｃ（Ｏ）Ｍｅ，ＣＯ２Ｅｔ；Ｈ，ＣＯ２Ｅｔ）和η５－Ｒ１Ｃ５Ｈ４（ＣＯ）３Ｍｏ─Ｗ（ＣＯ）３Ｃ５Ｈ４Ｒ２－η５（Ｒ１，Ｒ２：Ｃ（Ｏ）Ｍｅ，Ｈ；Ｅｔ，Ｃ（Ｏ）Ｍｅ；Ｃ（Ｏ）Ｍｅ，ｎ－Ｂｕ；ＣＯ２Ｍｅ，ｎ－Ｂｕ）．用Ｃ／Ｎ分析、ＩＲ、１ＨＮＭＲ和ＭＳ表征了它们的结构，并对该氧化偶联反应的特点进行了讨论．     

NO在Cu－ZSM－5分子筛上程序升温脱附研究

本文用等温动态吸附和程序升温脱附技术研究了ＮＯ与Ｃｕ－ＺＳＭ－５的相互作用，并根据还原预处理样品上ＮＯ吸、脱附循环的研究探讨了全过程样品所经历的氧化还原循环，在２５℃等温吸附时，ＮＯ与Ｃｕ￣＋和／或Ｃｕ￣０反应产生了Ｎ＿２、Ｎ＿２Ｏ和Ｃｕ￣（２＋）以及超晶格氧，同时在Ｃｕ￣＋上有许多可逆吸附的ＮＯ．ＮＯ吸附在Ｃｕ￣（２＋）上是稳定的，升高温度时，ＮＯ分为三种状态脱附，分别位于约１００，１８０和４００℃．后两种可能以Ｃｕ￣（２＋）－ＮＯ＿２和Ｃｕ￣（２＋）－ＮＯ＿３为中间态．第三种ＮＯ脱附同时伴随着Ｏ＿２脱附，对于还原预处理的样品，吸附和脱附的一个循环总体上会使样品部分氧化。     

铁（Ⅱ、Ⅲ）、钴（Ⅱ）、镍（Ⅱ）、铜（Ⅱ）－MBTAE配合物的反相高效液相色谱分离和测定

本文报道了以２－（６－甲基－２－苯并噻唑偶氮）－５－二乙氨基酚（ＭＢＴＡＥ）作柱前衍生化试剂，在ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ＿８柱上，以甲醇：水＝８０：２０（Ｖ／Ｖ），含２ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＬｉ＿２ＳＯ＿４和１０ｍｍｏｌ／ＬｐＨ５．０醋酸盐缓冲溶液作流动相，反相高效液相色谱分离和测定了Ｆｅ￣（２＋）、Ｃｏ￣（２＋）、Ｎｉ￣（２＋）和Ｃｕ￣（２＋）。各金属离子的检出限（Ｓ／Ｎ＝３）分别为（ｐｇ）：Ｆｅ￣（２＋）６．４０，Ｃｏ￣（２－）１．３８，Ｎｉ￣（２＋）４．４７，Ｃｕ￣（２＋）７．２８。方法用于欧洲标准局，黑麦草标样的分析，所得结果与标准值相符。     

α－一铌二钼十五钨磷杂多酸盐的合成和性质研究

合成了通式为α－Ｍ＿（７－ｘ）Ｈ＿ｘ［Ｐ＿２Ｗ＿（１５）Ｍｏ＿２ＮｂＯ＿（６２）］·ｘＨ＿２Ｏ［Ｍ＝Ｋ~＋，（ＣＨ＿３）＿４Ｎ~＋，（Ｃ＿２Ｈ＿５）＿４Ｎ~＋，（Ｃ＿４Ｈ＿９）＿４Ｎ~＋］的４种盐．用ＩＲ、ＵＶ吸收光谱、极谱、~（１８３）ＷＮＭＲ、ＸＰＳ和ＸＲＤ等方法对其进行了表征，确认三取代的位置是在Ｄａｗｓｏｎ结构的同一“极位”．研究了取代Ｗ原子数目对~（１８３）ＷＮＭＲ化学位移的影响，发现“极位”Ｗ原子的~（１８３）ＷＮＭＲ化学位移平均值与取代原子数目呈线性关系．     

（CeO_2）_（0．7－x）（MO）_x（La_2O_3）_（0．3）（M＝

合成了（ＣｅＯ＿２）＿（０．７－ｘ）（ＭＯ）＿ｘ（Ｌａ＿２Ｏ＿３）＿（０．３）（Ｍ＝Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｓｒ）固体电解质。对其晶体结构、电导率、ＸＰＳ谱、离子迁移数及制成的燃料电池的Ｖ－Ｉ曲线进行了测定。（ＣｅＯ＿２）＿（０．７）（Ｌａ＿２Ｏ＿３）＿（０．３）中掺入Ｃａ￣（２＋）、Ｍｇ￣（２＋）或Ｓｒ￣（２＋），可使电解质的氧离子导电性能改善，从而使制成的燃料电他的开路电压输出功率也得到提高。     

二苯并18冠6及二苯并24冠8与六聚钼钨杂多酸超分子配合物的合成与晶体结构

报道了两种超分子配合物［Ｎａ（ＤＢ１８Ｃ６）（ＣＨ＿３ＯＨ）］＿２Ｗ＿４Ｍｏ＿２Ｏ＿（１９）·（ＤＢ１８Ｃ６）·（ＣＨ＿３ＯＨ）（Ⅰ）和［Ｎａ（ＤＢ２４Ｃ８）］＿２Ｗ＿１Ｍｏ＿５Ｏ＿（１９）（Ⅱ）的合成方式，用元素分析、电子能谱、ＩＲ和１ＨＮＭＲ等手段进行了表征，并用Ｘ射线测定了晶体结构。结构分析表明：配合物（Ⅰ）属单斜晶系，空间群为Ｐ２１／ｃ，晶胞参数：α＝１．８６９９（５）ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．９５４３（５）ｎｍ，ｃ＝２．２８０８（６）ｎｍ，β＝１１２．８７°，Ｚ＝４．冠醚与多酸根之间通过Ｎａ＋在ＤＢ１８Ｃ６空腔中的镶嵌和Ｏ—Ｎａ—Ｏ键的桥联结合在一起。超分子配合物（Ⅱ）则为Ｎａ＋与ＤＢ２４Ｃ８作用形成配位阳离子，然后与多酸阴离子静电吸引相结合。不同空腔孔径的冠醚与钼钨杂多酸配位时呈现出分子识别与选择性。     

NdSr_（1－x）M_xNiO_4（M＝Ca，Ba）的合成，结构和电学磁学性

用固相法首次合成了ＮｄＳｒ＿（１－ｘ）Ｍ＿ｘＮｉＯ＿４（Ｍ＝Ｃａ：０．０≤１．０；Ｍ＝Ｂａ：０．０≤ｘ≤０．６）系列复合氧化物，并研究了其结构，红外光谱，电学性质和磁学性质。除ＮｄＣａＮｉＯ以正交晶系结晶外，其它试样的结构均属于四方晶系。ＩＲ谱显示随Ｃａ￣（２＋）离子含量的增加，ＮｄＳｒ＿（１－ｘ）Ｍ＿ｘＮｉＯ＿４的Ｎｉ－Ｏ键缩短，Ｃａ￣（２＋）和Ｂａ￣（２＋）引入ＮｄＳｒＮｉＯ＿４以取代Ｓｒ￣（２＋），使试样由金属性导电转变为半导体性导电；随Ｃａ￣（２＋）含量增加，试样的室温电阻率增大。７７～３００Ｋ磁化率与温度关系曲线显示，所有试样的Ｎｉ￣（３＋）都以低自旋状态存在。     

CoMoK／γ－Al_2O_3水煤气变换催化剂的硫化及反硫化

以Ｈ＿２Ｓ和ＣＳ＿２作硫化剂，用ＴＰＳ和ＴＰＤＳ方法研究了水媒气变换催化剂ＣｏＭｏＫ／γ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３的硫化及反硫化过程。用Ｈ＿２Ｓ／Ｈ＿２硫化时，只发现Ｈ＿２Ｓ的消耗和Ｈ＿２Ｏ的生成，用ＣＳ＿２／Ｈ＿２硫化时，首先生成ＣＯ＿２，然后是ＣＨ＿４，Ｈ＿２Ｏ和Ｈ＿２Ｓ，ＴＰＧ实验表明催化剂表面上有积炭，造成催化剂的活性降低。但积炭在水煤气变换反应进行中逐渐除去。ＴＰＤＳ实验表明Ｎ＿２不起反硫化作用，Ｈ＿２和ＣＯ也没有明显反硫化作用，Ｈ＿２Ｏ对ＣｏＭｏＫ／γ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３催化剂有根强的反硫化作用。Ｏ＿２能使催化剂部分永久性失活。ＸＰＳ测试表明反硫化的催化剂中低价的Ｍｏ￣（４＋）转变成高价的Ｍｏ￣（５＋）和Ｍｏ￣（６＋），导致其活性下降。     

A mild and practical copper catalyzed amination of halothiophenes

We have found that N,N-dimethylethanolamine (deanol) is a useful solvent and ligand for copper catalyzed amination of a variety of unactivated and activated 2- or 3-halothiophenes. Primary amines, acyclic secondary amines, cyclic secondary amines and acyclic secondary amines with 2-hydroxyethyl functionality react with halothiophenes in moderate to excellent yields. The mildly basic conditions utilized are compatible with many functional groups. The amination of halobithiophenes has also been examined. The aminothiophenes produced by this method are important intermediates in a variety of electronic and optoelectronic materials.     

二级胺与羰基化合物的一步还原烷基化

碲试剂作为还原剂已得到较广泛的应用,Yamashita、周洵钧将NaHTe用于羰基化合物还原胺化为二级胺,Kambe等近期用H_2Te还原烯胺、亚胺到相应的胺,我们曾用NaHTe将二级胺与羰基化合物还原烷基化。本文采用不同二级胺进一步研究发现,脂肪环胺与醛的反应效果较好,同一条件下烯胺也可被还原,反应条件温和,脯氨酸酯还原烷基化的产物不发生明显消旋化(表1,3),可应用于氨基酸类反应。     

Reactivity of the 1,2-Diphenytethyl Radical in a Solvent Cage

The 1,2-diphcnylethyl radical and derivatives were generated from photolysis of tran-f-stilbene and its derivatives 1–13 with secondary amines as quenchers. The 1,2-diphenylelhyl radicals that escaped from the solvent cage were trapped by 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane (MNP) and were detected by the HPLCEPR method. The yield of the spin adduct is greater for tertiary amines. The smaller yields of the spin adduct formed from secondary amines are ascribed to greater reactivities of the 1,2-diphenylethyl and dialkylamino radicals within the solvent cage.     

Diastereoselective addition of amines to vinyl sulfone modified carbohydrates: a highly flexible methodology for the synthesis of new classes of deoxyaminosugars

Methyl 2,3-dideoxy-4,6-O-(phenylmethylene)-3-C-phenylsulfonyl-alpha- D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranoside (5 alpha) and methyl 2,3-dideoxy-4,6-O-(phenylmethylene)-3-C-phenylsulfonyl- beta-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranoside (5 beta) have been subjected to Michael addition reaction with various amines to develop a new methodology for the synthesis of new classes of aminosugars. Compound 5 alpha reacted with primary amines to generate gluco- derivatives, but secondary amines produced both gluco- (major) and manno- (minor) isomers. Compound 5 beta, on the other hand, produced only gluco- isomers with both primary and secondary amines. The stereochemical course of addition of some of the amines to 5 alpha and 5 beta are significantly different from that of the addition of amines to 3-nitroenopyranoses. The present route to the syntheses of various aminosugars with gluco- configurations from 5 alpha and 5 beta constitutes a novel method for the introduction of N-monoalkylated and N,N-dialkylated amines to the C-2 carbon of pyranoses in equatorial configurations.     

在碲氢化钠作用下一步合成仲胺

本文报道合成仲胺的简便方法。在碲氢化钠(NaHTe)作用下,芳香族或脂肪族伯胺与醛反应,一步生成相应的仲胺。     

Cesium effect: high chemoselectivity in direct N-alkylation of amines

A novel method for the mono-N-alkylation of primary amines, diamines, and polyamines was developed using cesium bases in order to prepare secondary amines efficiently. A cesium base not only promoted alkylation of primary amines but also suppressed overalkylations of the produced secondary amines. Various amines, alkyl bromides, and alkyl sulfonates were examined, and the results demonstrated this methodology was highly chemoselective to favor mono-N-alkylation over dialkylation. In particular, use of either sterically demanding substrates or amino acid derivatives afforded the secondary amines exclusively, offering wide applications in peptidomimetic syntheses.     

Analysis of amines in petroleum

An analytical method for differentiation of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines using exhaustive trifluoroacetylation prior to GC/MS has been developed. Using the conditions described in the report, most primary amines add two and secondary amines add one trifluoroacetyl group. In general, tertiary amines do not react. GC retention indices and relative GC/MS total ion current response factors for 102 trifluoroacetyl derivatives are reported. Examples of the application of the method to petroleum and coal liquid products are provided. Because of the limited thermal stability of the derivatives of primary amines, the method is applicable only to distillates boiling below 370 °C (700 °F).     

A critical examination of the salicylaldehyde method for the determination of primary amines in the presence of secondary amines

Summary The salicylaldehyde method for the differentiation of primary and secondary amines in mixtures has been critically evaluated. This method yields best results in acetonitrile. In mixtures of amines one can expect high results for the primary amine with correspondingly low results for the secondary amine. Corrections can be made with known mixtures of the amines.Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory under contract number W-7405-ENG-48.     

The ruthenium-catalyzed reduction and reductive N-alkylation of secondary amides with hydrosilanes: practical synthesis of secondary and tertiary amines by judicious choice of hydrosilanes

A triruthenium cluster, (mu3,eta2,eta3,eta5-acenaphthylene)Ru3(CO)7 (1) catalyzes the reaction of secondary amides with hydrosilanes, yielding a mixture of secondary amines, tertiary amines, and silyl enamines. Production of secondary amines with complete selectivity is achieved by the use of higher concentration of the catalyst (3 mol %) and the use of bifunctional hydrosilanes such as 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane. Acidic workup of the reaction mixture affords the corresponding ammonium salts, which can be treated with a base, providing a facile method for isolation of secondary amines with high purity. In contrast, tertiary amines are formed with high selectivity by using lower concentration of the catalyst (1 mol %) and polymeric hydrosiloxanes (PMHS) as reducing agent. Reduction with PMHS encapsulates the ruthenium catalyst and organic byproducts to the insoluble silicone resin. The two reaction manifolds are applicable to various secondary amides and are practical in that the procedures provide the desired secondary or tertiary amine as a single product. The product contaminated with only minimal amounts of ruthenium and silicon residues. On the basis of the products and observed side products as well as NMR studies a mechanistic scenario for the reaction is also described.     

Ruthenium catalyzed synthesis of secondary or tertiary amines from amines and alcohols

Unsymmetrical secondary and tertiary amines are prepared by the ruthenium catalyzed reaction of alcohols with amines, which provides highly efficient method for synthesis of cyclic amines.