生物酶技术在农药残留快速检测中的应用

介绍了4种应用于农药残留检测的生物酶技术类型、原理及相关研究进展,主要包括微生物降解技术、酶抑制技术、酶联免疫吸附技术及酶免疫放大技术.分析并探讨了这些技术的优点及存在的不足,对今后生物酶技术快速检测农药残留工作进行了展望.生物酶技术应用在农药残留检测具有简便、快速、灵敏等优点,有着广阔的应用前景,对人类健康及环境保护具有深远的意义.     

酶免疫分析技术在农药残留分析中的应用

介绍了水、土壤和食品中农药残留的酶免疫分析技术的原理、类型及方法的开发与应用。引用文献22篇。     

食品农药残留分析进展

对食品中农药残留分析技术及其进展进行了综述。样品前处理中,除固相萃取外,超临界流体萃取和基质固相分散得到了飞速发展和广泛应用。原子激发检测器在气相色谱中发展较快,超临界流体色谱和免疫分析技术开发应用于食品农药残留分析中。并对农药残留分析的发展趋势和要求进行了讨论。     

串联质谱法在农药残留分析中的应用

农药残留问题已经成为全球关注的热点问题,尤其是农产品和食品中的农药残留更受到各国政府和公众的普遍关注。快速、准确、灵敏的农药残留分析和检测技术已经成为保障食品安全的有效手段,是当前农药残留分析研究和发展的方向。1983年,McLafferty等发明了串联质谱技术(MS-MS),目前已发展成为一种成熟的技术,在许多研究领域发挥了巨大作用。同样,在农药残留分析领域,串联质谱技术也越来越体现出其定性准确、排除干扰能力强以及灵敏度高的特点。     

液相色谱在食物和中药中的农药残留分析中的应用

综述了近年来液相色谱分析方法在食物和中药中农药残留分析中的应用,对各种常用的在线和离线样品预浓缩技术、检测器以及液相色谱与质谱等仪器的联用进行了讨论,并对液相色谱在农药残留分析中的应用前景进行了评价。     

快检技术在毒品分析中的应用

毒品问题一直是困扰全球的社会顽疾.简易、快速、灵敏的毒品检测方法在毒品鉴定、吸毒认定和戒毒监控等方面具有重要作用.近年来毒品的快检方法主要基于免疫分析、质谱以及光谱等技术开展研究.免疫分析技术成本低、操作简单,适用于在现场检验和大样本群体性检验中发挥筛选排查作用.质谱法分析时间短,适合快速筛选和高通量分析,便携质谱可用...     

SERS免疫层析技术在快速检测领域的研究进展

免疫层析技术具有快速、成本低廉、操作简便、可视化分析等优势,已广泛应用于食品安全、环境监测及临床诊断等领域。基于颜色深浅进行结果判读的传统免疫层析技术,存在检测灵敏度低、难以实现定量分析等问题。表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)与免疫层析联合的技术提供了一个强大的分析平台,能够实现对分析物的多重、超灵敏及定量检测。本文从检测原理及类型、标签筛选、分析策略设计等方面简述了SERS免疫层析快速检测技术,归纳了其在致病菌、病毒、农兽药残留、真菌毒素等危害物检测方面的最新研究进展,并且对SERS免疫层析技术的研究方向与发展前景进行了分析和展望。     

化学发光免疫分析技术在微生物检测中的应用

化学发光免疫分析技术凭借其化学发光的高灵敏性和免疫反应的高特异性在微生物快速检测中广泛应用。该文着重叙述了化学发光免疫分析技术核心检测体系在微生物检测中的研究进展,并对其涉及到的样品前处理和检测新方法进行了综述。化学发光免疫分析技术检测微生物用时短、成本低,但特异性识别方法和检测的灵敏度有待提升,新型的发光体系、发光放大方法、可替代抗体的识别分子以及相关的前处理技术是未来研究的重点。     

气相色谱在食品检测方面的应用及进展

对近年来气相色谱技术在食品检测方面的应用进行综述,主要包括农药残留分析,食品添加剂分析,兽药残留分析以及食品包装材料中挥发物分析,并对未来的应用进行了展望。     

中药材农药多残留快速检测方法的研究

研究和建立了中药材中53种农药残留的快速检测方法。中药材样品经过1%醋酸乙腈溶液提取、分散固相萃取法净化,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)的选择离子监测方式(SIM)进行定性和定量分析。53种残留农药在0.01~31.00mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,定量限在3.3~123.3μg/kg之间,加标回收率在76.2%~109.8%之间,相对标准偏差在1.7%~13%之间。该方法,可快速测定中药材中的农药残留。     

Analysis of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Water with Enzyme Membrane Extraction-Gas Chromatography

The pollution of organophosphorus pesticides in water, especially in drinking water source, is a vital threat to life. Therefore, great concern is being focused on the effects of pesticide residues on public health and wildlife. The detection of trace organophosphorus pesticide residues in water is a very important task. In the recent years, the immunoassay technique has been utilized in the determination of trace organophosphorus pesticide residues in various environmental samples.     

Solid-phase microextraction for organochlorine pesticide residues analysis in Chinese herbal formulations

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to determine pesticide residues in Chinese herbal formulations. Fibers coated with a 100-microm film thickness of poly(dimethylsiloxane) was used to extract 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). The pesticides in the study consisted of alpha-, beta-, gamma-and delta-hexachlorocyclohexane, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, endrin aldehyde, endrin ketone, endosulfan (I, II and sulfate), heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, and methoxychlor. The optimal experimental procedures for the adsorption and desorption of pesticides were evaluated. The linearity was obtained with a precision below 11% RSD for the studied pesticides expect endosulfan sulfate (21%) in a wide range from 1 to 200 ng/g. Detection limits were reached at below ng/g levels. Heptachlor epoxide was determined at a calculated limit of 0.03 ng/g. Comparison between SPME and Soxhlet extraction showed that SPME has a less than one order detection limit for residue pesticide determination. The proposed method was tested by analyzing herbal formulations from a local market for OCP multiresidues. Some residues studied were detected in the analyzed samples. The results demonstrate the suitability of the SPME-GC-MS approach for the analysis of multi-residue OCPs in Chinese herbal formulations.     

Rapid detection of pesticide residues in Chinese herbal medicines by molecularly imprinted membrane electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs) play an increasingly important role in the field of medicine and affects public health in the world.Although more and more strict has been employed to ensure the quality and safety of CHMs,pesticide residues in CHMs remain a serious issue and are the bottleneck for the global development of CHMs.In this work,we applied molecularly imprinted membrane electrospray mass spectrometry(MIM-ESI MS) for rapid detecting 4 classes of pesticide residues in CHMs,including organophosphorus(OPP),carbamates,pyrethroids and neonicotinoids in CHMs.Compared with our previous ambient ionization method MESI,MIM-ESI is capable of achieving a ～50-fold increase in the detection limit of conventional analytical methods owing to the specificity recognition and unique enrichment of MIM.The optimal experimental conditions were determined,and the method was further validated for its sensitivity and specificity.Our data showed that MIM-ESI MS is applicable for the direct quantitation of pesticide residues in CHMs.This detection technology may help to ensure the quality of CHMs in the future.     

高分辨质谱技术在农药残留检测中的应用

农药残留检测是农产品中有害物质控制的重要组成部分,随着农药残留限量标准体系的发展完善,农药残留检测方法也在不断进步。近年来质谱技术发展迅速,已被广泛应用于农药残留检测领域,高分辨质谱由于具有较高的分辨率和质量精确度,在复杂基质的农药多残留高通量检测中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文从高分辨质谱与液相色谱、气相色谱及其他分离模式联用等方面出发,简述了近5年来高分辨质谱在农药残留检测中的应用,对目前高分辨质谱在农药残留检测应用中发现的问题进行了讨论,并对其未来发展趋势进行展望。     

Fast gas chromatography for pesticide residues analysis

The importance of method development in the area of pesticide residues analysis is apparent from legislative requirements continuously decreasing the maximum acceptable concentration levels in food and water. This covers also contribution in the science in the field of ultra-trace analysis of organic pollutants in complex mixtures. Analysis time is one of the most important aspects that should be considered in the choice of analytical methods for routine application. With this fact, fast gas chromatography (GC) has acquired a real importance in the pesticide residue analysis. This paper provides an overview of fast GC methods for analysis of pesticide residues in variety of matrices at ultra-trace concentration levels. Emphasis is put on the development in the last 6 years.     

食品中氨基甲酸酯农药残留的分析方法

综述了近年来食品中氨基甲酸酯农药残留的分析方法。分别对样品预处理、色谱检测方法以及近年来发展起来的新技术,如超临界流体色谱、色质联用及一些非色谱技术如免疫检测、生物传感器等进行了讨论,并对农残检测的发展前景进行了展望。     

亲水作用液相色谱脱除人参提取物中农药残留

亲水作用液相色谱法(HILIC)是一种用于改善强极性物质的保留和分离选择性的方法,广泛应用于药物分析、代谢组学、蛋白质组学等领域。该文利用农药分子与皂苷成分在HILIC上的保留行为差异,开发了一种农药残留脱除方法。以市售高纯人参提取物为例,该文评价了农药分子和人参皂苷在亲水色谱柱上的保留行为,并考察了上样量、淋洗体积、上样体积等因素对农残脱除效果的影响。实验结果证明:7种人参皂苷由于糖链上的羟基与亲水色谱固定相上的羧基形成氢键作用而具有较强保留,而农药分子由于亲水性较差且相对分子质量较小,保留很弱,从而一步实现了7种人参皂苷的富集与14种农残的脱除。在优化所得的最佳脱除工艺条件下,最终制备得到的人参总皂苷样品中,总皂苷的含量由59.87%提高到69.61%;总皂苷的回收率为94.4%;通过气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱(GC-MS/MS)对样品中的农残进行定量检测,发现原人参提取物中14种农残均得到了有效脱除,其中5种含量降至0.05 mg/kg以下,9种完全脱除。本研究是亲水色谱在中药提取物中农残脱除领域的应用,为天然产物的精制提供了一种新的技术手段,该技术对人参提取物中的农残脱除率高、人参总皂苷回收率高且安全、高效、无污染,为高品质人参提取物的研制提供了新的思路。     

Research progress on pesticide residue detection based on microfluidic technology

The problem of pesticide residue contamination has attracted widespread attention and poses a risk to human health. The current traditional pesticide residue detection methods have difficulty meeting rapid and diverse field screening requirements. Microfluidic technology integrates functions from sample preparation to detection, showing great potential for quick and accurate high-throughput detection of pesticide residues. This paper reviews the latest research progress on microfluidic technology for pesticide residue detection. First, the commonly used microfluidic materials are summarized, including silicon, glass, paper, polydimethylsiloxane, and polymethyl methacrylate. We evaluated their advantages and disadvantages in pesticide residue detection applications. Second, the current pesticide residue detection technology based on microfluidics and its application to real samples are summarized. Finally, we discuss this technology's present challenges and future research directions. This study is expected to provide a reference for the future development of microfluidic technology for pesticide residue detection.     

Comparison of different sample pre‐treatments for multi‐residue analysis of organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticides in chrysanthemum by gas chromatography with electron capture detection

The widespread use of insecticides in Chinese herbal medicines has created a compelling need for the development of a multiresidue analytical method to help assure herbs safety. The operating variables affecting the performance of the multiresidue analysis of 34 organochlorine and 12 pyrethroid pesticides in chrysanthemum, a widely used kind of Chinese herbal medicines, were evaluated. Three different extraction solvents including n‐hexane and its mixtures with acetone and petroleum ether were compared, and n‐hexane was found to be an appropriate option. A combination of gel permeation chromatography and SPE was selected as the optimum cleanup, in comparison with dispersive SPE, or the two former methods alone. The determination of the 46 pesticide residues in the spiked chrysanthemum samples was performed by GC with electron capture detection. The average recoveries ranged from 71.3 to 102.6% with RSDs of 1.4–15.7% for all of the pesticides. The LOQs were in the range of 0.0015–0.2 mg/kg, while the LODs were between 0.0005 and 0.1 mg/kg. The satisfactory accuracy, and precision, in combination with a good separation and few interferences, have demonstrated the strong potential of this technique for its application in chrysanthemum analysis.     

Potential applicability of MALDI-MS for low-molecular-weight pesticide determination

The application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for pesticide analysis was demonstrated. Fifteen pesticides were chosen as the model pesticides and twenty-six MALDI matrices were screened for the most suitable matrix. Under the optimized conditions, the obtained limits of detections were lower than the maximum residue limit values stated with 12 pesticides out of 15 tested. The proposed methodology showed a good analytical performance in terms of rapid, good sensitivity and high throughput of the method as an alternative method for pesticide residues evaluation.