聚环硫氯丙烷Mark-Houwink方程参数的测定

提出了利用多个宽分布聚合物试样的［η］和ＧＰＣ谱图在计算机上运用五点搜索法寻找［η］的最小偏差的程序来解得聚合物的Ｍａｒｋ Ｈｏｕｗｉｎｋ方程参数的新方法．并应用此法确定了聚环硫氯丙烷在四氢呋喃溶液中３０℃下的Ｍａｒｋ Ｈｏｕｗｉｎｋ方程参数为：α＝０７７１，Ｋ＝０５９２×１０－４．经［η］的误差分析及ＶＰＯ证实，得到的Ｋ、α值是可靠的，用于计算［η］及分子量时，相对误差均在６％之内．     

聚对二炔苯Mark-Houwink方程参数的确定及分子量与分子量分布的研究

通过多个宽分布聚对二炔苯试样的凝胶渗透色谱（ＧＰＣ）和特性粘数（［η］）的测定，应用普适校正原理和Ｗｅｉｓ方法，确定了该聚合物在四氢呋喃溶液中２５℃下的Ｍａｒｋ Ｈｏｕｗｉｎｋ方程参数：Ｋ＝７６２×１０－３，α＝０２６．将这一结果运用到ＧＰＣ谱图的计算，所得［η］与用粘度法实测值比较，所得Ｍｎ与用ＶＰＯ法实测值比较，相对误差６％左右．还研究了聚合反应条件对聚对二炔苯分子量与分子量分布的影响，发现随着聚合时间的延长和聚合温度的升高，聚合物分子链间发生部分交联反应，支化程度加重．聚合过程中还可能存在向单体的链转移反应．     

凝胶点前氯乙烯－邻苯二甲酸二烯丙基酯共聚物表征，支化度模型及悬挂双键活性

根据单烯－二烯自由基共聚合反应特点，提出一种新的支化点对分子量的分布模型，讨论了用凝胶色谱－特性粘数法表征文化聚合物时，文化点对分子量分布和式［η］０，ｂ／［η］０．１＝ｇ０中的指数ｃ对结果的影响．建立了氯乙烯－二烯类单体悬浮聚合凝胶点前的平均支化度模型．用凝胶点前平均文化度和平均分子量模型拟合实验结果发现：ａ．新的支化分布模型更合理，且ｃ＝０．７２；ｂ．悬挂双键活性下降一个数量级；ｃ．对本文样品，特性粘数和分了量仍符合Ｍａｒｋ－Ｈｏｕｗｉｎｋ方程，［η］＝０．２３５７Ｍ￣０．５２７．     

以2,4-二苯基-4-甲基-1-戊烯为链转移剂的苯乙烯自由基聚合

以２,４ 二苯基 ４ 甲基 １ 戊烯（αＭＳＤ）为链转移剂,采用与环境友好的本体自由基聚合法及悬浮自由基聚合法合成了重均分子量Ｍｗ＝１,０００～５０,０００,分子量分布Ｍｗ／Ｍｎ≈２的苯乙烯低聚物．随着αＭＳＤ浓度的增加分子量降低效果明显,分子量分布明显变窄．热引发本体聚合物具有单端活性双键结构．     

一种新型含酞侧基聚芳醚砜的稀溶液性质研究（I）——溶解行…

制备了窄分布的含酞侧基聚芳醚砜（ＰＥＳ－Ｃ）级份样品，用光散射法测定样品的重均分子量，粘度法测定样品在ＤＭＦ，ＣＨＣｌ３和１，２－Ｃ２Ｈ４Ｃｌ２中的特性粘数和Ｈｕｇｇｉｎｓ参数ｋ＾’值，Ｋ＾’值远大于０．５反映了体系中存在特殊的溶解行为，得到了ＰＥＳ－Ｃ在３种溶剂中的Ｍａｒｋ－Ｈｏｕｗｉｎｋ方程，（η）＝２．７９×１０＾－２Ｍ＾０．６１５ｗ，ｒ＝０．９９９８（ＤＭＦ，２５℃）（η）＝３．９６×１０     

SOCl2／SnCl4—DMSO／n—Bu4NCl引发体系苯乙烯活性阳离子聚合反应的研究

研究表明，ＳＯＣｌ２／ＳｎＣｌ４引发体系的苯乙烯聚合反应很快，但所得聚合产物的分子量分布宽（Ｍｗ／Ｍｎ＝４．３７），且其ＧＰＣ曲线呈多重峰；单独加入季铵盐（ｎ－Ｂｕ４ＮＣｌ）或二甲基亚砜（ＤＭＳＯ）可使聚合产物分子量分布明显变窄，并随浓度的增加而加强，但程度有限，不显示活性聚合特征；ＤＭＳＯ和ｎ－Ｂｕ４ＮＣｌ同时加入，表现出协同效应，不仅能保持较高的聚合反应活性，而且产物分子量分布很窄（Ｍｗ／Ｍｎ＝１．２７），分子量随单体转化率增加而增加，且线性关系良好，聚合物链数只与引发剂初始浓度相关，显示活性聚合特征。     

高聚物溶液中大分子链尺寸的研究（Ⅲ）—一种测算高分子…

将高聚物溶液中大分子链尺寸对浓度的依赖关系与Ｚｉｍｍ稀溶液第二维里系数的统计力学硬球模型相结合，借助聚合物的特性粘数、Ｍａｒｋ－Ｈｏｕｗｉｎｋ方程或分子量，计算聚合物－溶剂体系在稀溶液浓度范围内π／Ｃ或Ｈ·Ｃ／τ的模拟实验值。再以π／Ｃ或Ｈ·Ｃ／τ与浓度线型回归中的始斜率求体系的第二维里系数Ａ２，计算了３０种聚合物－溶剂体系的２９５个不同分子量的Ａ２值，结果均与其实验值吻合较好，且明显优于其它理论     

多检测GPC／SEC技术在高分子表征中的应用：Ⅵ.MHS方程K,α参 …

采用体积排斥色谱法／示差折光指数／直角激光光散射／示差粘度三检测联用技术分别测定了窄分布和宽分布聚苯乙烯标样;得到了Ｍａｒｋ－Ｈｏｕｗｉｎｋ－Ｓａｋｕｒａｄａ方程的Ｋ、α参数;计算了不同分子量范围的ＭＨＳ方程指数α,建立了旋转半径和分子量的关系式。结果表明ＳＥＣ／ＲＩ／ＲＡＬＬＳ／ＤＶ可以准确和方便地获取ＭＨＳ方程的Ｋ、α参数,α值具有分子量依赖性。     

高效凝胶渗透色谱法在若干重质化工产物分析中的应用

为配合酚醛树酯、十八烷基苯乙烯基醚聚合物新材料的生产、催化条件下煤直接液化的研究，建立了各试样分子量表征的高效凝胶渗透色谱法（ＨＰＧＰＣ），高分辨地测定了分子量分布、重均分子量Ｍｗ、数均分子量Ｍｎ。表征了不同产品的组成特性，有效地指导了工艺生产和基础研究。     

原子转移自由基聚合合成(甲基)丙烯酸酯类模型聚合物及其动力学研究

本文采用一种新颖的活性自由基聚合—原子转移自由基聚合（ＡＴＲＰ）的方法，以１－溴代苯乙烷作为引发剂，过渡金属卤化物与配位剂络合物（ＣｕＢｒ／２，２’－联吡啶）为催化体系，环己酮为溶剂，进行了甲基丙烯酸正丁酯（ＢＭＡ）和丙烯酸正丁酯（ＢＡ）的活性聚合。得到具有指定分子量和窄分子量分布（１．２＜Ｍｗ／Ｍｎ＜１．５）的模型聚合物。计算并讨论了两聚合体系的ＡＴＲＰ的动力学数据     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.