羧基丙烯酸酯涂料合成及其防雾性能研究

采用种子乳液聚合法合成了一种互穿网络型羧基丙烯酸酯类聚物乳液，研究了加料方式对羧基分布的影响，结果表明丙烯酸加入到核单体中有利于羧基分布在乳胶粒表面。在体系中引入离子键交联结构提高了乳液涂料的硬度和耐水性能，离子键交联ＰＩＬＮ型涂料具有优良的防雾性能。     

基于改性亚麻仁油的有机/无机光固化膜的光固化机理及其反应性研究

用亚麻仁油和环戊二烯合成了改性亚麻仁油(NLO)光固化低聚物,其结构用红外光谱(FT-IR)进行了表征.基于改性亚麻仁油、巯基硅氧烷和光引发剂制备了有机/无机杂化光固化膜,对其光固化机理进行了分析,对无机粒子在改性亚麻仁油中的分布用AFM(原子力显微镜)进行了观测,建立了该有机/无机杂化体系的光固化模型.对杂化膜光固化反应性用Photo-差示扫描热分析仪(Photo-Differential Scanning Calorimeter)进行了测试,Photo-DSC测试结果表明:巯基硅氧烷能大大提高改性亚麻仁油体系光固化速率,环烯键对硫醇十分敏感.     

羧基化环氧丙烯酸酯合成及在光成像阻焊油墨中的应用

树脂;多元羧酸酐;光固化;碱显影;羧基化环氧丙烯酸酯合成及在光成像阻焊油墨中的应用     

环氧-丙烯酸酯混杂光固化体系的研究

研究环氧－丙烯酸酯混杂光固化体系中引发剂的协同作用，证实混杂光固化过程中自由基引发剂对阳离子引发剂二苯基碘Weng盐的增感作用，混杂光固化膜具有优良的机械性能，其抗冲击性能，抗弯曲性能及硬度优于单纯的阳离子体系固化膜，与自由基体系固化膜性能接近。混杂光固化膜的玻璃化转变温度高于自由基体系固化膜；它的耐溶剂性能优异，耐丙酮擦拭次数比自由基固化膜高25倍以上，比阳离子固化膜高3．5倍。这可能是由于混杂光固化过程中形成的IPN结构造成的，动态粘弹谱和扫描电镜的实验结果证实了这一结论。     

MMA-EA-AA无皂共聚胶乳中羧基分布的研究

用无皂乳液聚合法合成了粒径窄分布的MMA EA AA三元共聚胶乳 ,用电导滴定法测定了羧基在胶乳中的分布 ,系统研究了聚合体系中各组分对胶乳中羧基分布的影响 .结果表明随着NH4 HCO3用量的增加 ,表面羧基含量 (Sa)、表面羧基密度 (Sd)和水相羧基含量 (Fa)逐渐增大 ,包埋羧基含量 (Ea)明显降低 ;随着AA用量的增加 ,Sa、Sd 、Fa 和Ea 均逐渐增大 ,但包埋羧基百分比也呈增大趋势 ;随着引发剂用量的增加 ,Sd 和Ea 逐渐减小 ,而Fa 先增大然后趋于恒定 .     

基于FEVE树脂的含氟光固化树脂的合成

以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,对羟基苯甲醚为阻聚剂,甲苯为共沸脱水剂,FEVE树脂和丙烯酸为原料,通过FEVE树脂的羟基与丙烯酸发生酯化反应制备了含氟光固化树脂。讨论了羧基与羟基摩尔比、催化剂用量、共沸脱水剂用量和反应时间对酯化反应转化率的影响。通过FT-IR、1H-NMR对聚合物结构进行确认。结果表明当羧基与羟基摩尔比为1.6:1,对甲苯磺酸质量分数为0.15%,甲苯质量分数为25%,反应时间6h时,反应转化率为87.9%。     

密度泛函方法探究羧基化碳纳米管的结构

采用密度泛函方法,构建了物理及化学吸附的羧基化碳纳米管,并优化一系列可能的构型,最终得到两种处理方式下的最稳定构型,对比及分析了构型的结构参数和电子分布。结果表明,羧基在碳纳米管表明发生物理吸附和化学吸附,将导致不同的杂化方式;当羧基以物理吸附的方式吸附在碳纳米管上时,其负电荷主要云集于羧基和吸附碳表面;当其以化学吸附的形式吸附在碳纳米管表面时,其负电荷则分散于碳纳米管表面以及吸附碳上。     

一类高折射率光固化有机硅树脂的性能研究

光固化有机硅材料兼具光固化的高效、能耗低和环保以及有机硅树脂优异的耐温、耐候性和电绝缘性能,因此,在LED等电子器件封装方面受到广泛关注.本文研究了自制的3种含丙烯酸酯基团的光固化苯基有机硅预聚物KDS-10、KMDS-03和KMS-03的光固化特性、光学性能和热稳定性能.结果表明,这些有机硅预聚物的折光指数随苯环含量的增加而增高,苯环含量从22.3%到37.7%,折光指数相应从1.496到1.542;3种预聚物与多种丙烯酸酯相容性好,用双官能的TPGDA作稀释剂,固化反应速率最快,丙烯酸酯基团的转化率也最高;光引发剂TPO引发的光固化反应速率和转化率均最高;高折射率有机硅预聚物KDS-10光固化后的薄膜具有优异的光学性能,在550 nm处的透过率为92.54%;玻璃化转变温度约为-17.41℃,起始分解温度为385℃.     

反应性复合乳液的合成、表征及其交联反应

利用种子半连续乳液聚合方法合成了核层或壳层带有环氧基以及壳层带有羧基的3种不同核/壳结构的乳胶粒子,通过物理共混带环氧基和羧基的乳胶粒子,得到了两种反应性复合乳液.利用透射电镜和激光动态光散射对乳胶粒子进行了表征,其粒径分布较窄,粒径分布的多分散系数为0.062,平均粒径约76 nm,乳胶粒子具有明显的核/壳结构.通过胶膜的凝胶率和膨胀率的测定和红外光谱分析对反应性复合乳液中乳胶粒子的扩散及交联反应进行了研究,并探讨了不同核壳结构复合乳液对涂膜机械性能的影响.研究表明,当反应性复合乳液中的环氧基和羧基分别分布在乳胶粒子的核层和壳层时,有利于聚合物分子链的充分扩散和化学交联反应的进行,从而提高涂膜的物理化学性能,当甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)含量为10 wt%时,涂膜的拉伸强度达20.3 MPa.     

光固化含氟聚合物的合成进展

综述了自由基光固化和阳离子光固化含氟聚合物的合成进展,并对其进行了讨论.     

用封端预聚物制备聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯水分散液

采用具有烯醇结构的封端剂，用反应活性较高的芳香族异氰酸酯制备了聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯(PUA)水分散液。红外光谱分析和涂膜性能测试结果表明，封端后的聚氨酯预聚物在水中可以解封，所制备的PUA膜的性能优于在水中难于解封的封端剂制备的PUA。比较了用预聚物分散法和核壳反转法制备的封端型PUA水分散液的特性。     

MODIFIED ULTRAVIOLET-CURABLE WATER DISPERSIBLE POLYURETHANE-ACRYLATES*

Three kinds of UV-curable self-emulsified polyurethane-acrylate (PUA) prepolymer, i.e., conventional, chainextended and grafted PUAs, were prepared. The relatively small particle size of the PUA dispersions indicates that the PUAprepolymers exhibit sufficient aqueous dispersibility. The PUA prepolymers can substantially lower the interfacial tension ofwater. Chain-extended PUA dispersions exhibit pseudoplastic behavior and thixotropy to a greater extent than do theirconventional counterpart. The chain-extended and grafted PUA photocure to higher conversion than do the conventional PUequivalent. The results of DSC measurement suggest that there exists phase mixing between the hard and the soft segmentphases for the PUAs based on PEG 400 that is the comparatively short soft segment in the prepolymer. For the PUAprepolymers based on PEG having higher M_n values, chain-extending and grafting could impede the phase separationbetween the hard and the soft segment domains. The adhesion, impact strength and flexibility of the photocured films were tested.     

聚甲基丙烯酸酯改性聚氨酯光固化水性体系研究

水性涂料;聚甲基丙烯酸酯改性聚氨酯光固化水性体系研究;接枝共聚物;聚氨酯丙烯酸酯;丙烯酸酯共聚物     

Surface composition and property of film prepared with aqueous dispersion of polyurethaneurea-acrylate including fluorinated block copolymer

The aqueous dispersion of polyurethaneurea-acrylate (PUA) including small amount of fluorinated block copolymers containing carboxyl groups (PATF), which can be dissolved in water, was used to make films and the surface properties of these films were examined. The experimental data show that the modified PUA film exhibits a hydrophobic surface property, although the original surface of PUA film is hydrophilic. The surface composition of the modified PUA film was measured by ATR and XPS. The results indicate that there is a concentration gradient of the fluorine groups along the lines of thickness of the modified film and towards the outmost surface layer, resulting from the migration of fluorinated blocks to the air side surface of the modified PUA film during the film formation process. However, the PUA film can not be modified effectively by adding the sodium salt of PATF, since the urethane groups in the system are easy to occupy on the surface of the film.     

Photodegradation of UV-cured coatings II. Polyurethane–acrylate networks

Highly crosslinked aliphatic and aromatic polyurethane-acrylate (PUA) coatings have been obtained by photopolymerization of multifunctional monomers. The discoloration and chemical modifications occurring upon accelerated QUV aging were monitored by UV and IR spectroscopy. The polymers were found to undergo photooxidation and loss of carbamate and phenyl groups, with lower quantum yields (10^?3 mol photon^?1) than in related linear polymers. Hydroxy-phenyl benzotriazole UV-absorbers have a limited effect on the degradation rate, at the concentration used (0.5%). Hindered amines (HALS) are substantially more effective, especially in aliphatic PUA. A 20-fold increase in the stabilization efficiency was found with the UVA + HALS combination. Aromatic PUA are more difficult to stabilize, because of the strong absorption and photolysis of the phenyl group which yields colored products. Radical-induced oxidation is predominant in aliphatic PUA and develops with long kinetic chains, while in aromatic PUA it competes with direct photolysis.     

Comparative study between core-shell and interpenetrating network structure polyurethane/polyacrylate composite emulsions

Anionic aqueous polyurethane dispersion was prepared by using carboxyl acid group to make the polyurethane dispersible, and then nanograde core-shell and crosslinked IPN structure polyurethane/polyacrylate composite latex (PUA) were synthesized by soap-free emulsion polymerization method with polyurethane dispersion as seed. FTIR, DSC, dynamic light scattering, TEM, ESCA, TGA, electronic tensile machine were employed to investigate the structures and properties of the composite latex and their polymers. Meanwhile the core-shell composite PUA emulsion and the crosslinked IPN composite PUA emulsion were compared. The results showed that the particle morphology of PUA composite emulsion is inverted core-shell structure with polyacrylate as the core and with polyurethane as the shell. The morphology of the crosslinked PUA emulsion was multi-core structure. The surface in core-shell PUA contains rich PU phase. The phase structure of the crosslinked PUA is more uniform. Three transition temperatures are observed for the core-shell composite PUA, two transitions are observed for the film from the crosslinked PUA. The TGA curves of core-shell PUA and crosslinked PUA exhibit two stages, the first stage corresponds to the thermal decomposition of hard segments in seed polyurethane; the second stage corresponds to the decomposition of soft segments in PUA and decomposition of polyacrylate. With the increase of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) amounts in PUA composite emulsions, the tensile strength of the PUA films as well as the average diameter of the PUA composite emulsion particles increase, the elongation at break of the PUA films decreases.     

Semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyurethane and polymethacrylate functional prepolymers: Morphology and mechanical properties in dependence of the concentration of functional groups

Grafted semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were prepared from polyurethane (PU) prepolymers with polyester soft segments and hard segments containing carboxylic functional groups as well as polymethacrylate (PM) prepolymers with tertiary amine functional groups. The dependence of morphological and mechanical properties on the concentration of functional groups was studied. The enhanced miscibility of PU and PM prepolymers was observed at concentrations of functional groups of 0.25 mmol/g of polymer and above. Despite the improved miscibility, the PM prepolymers showed a tendency toward phase separation. Because the observed glass‐transition temperature shifts of PU prepolymers indicated substantial miscibility, we ascribed this phenomenon to the presence of methyl methacrylate rich sequences in the PM prepolymer. The observed changes in mechanical properties by increasing the content of functional groups were typical for ionomers. Young's modulus increased as a result of physical interactions between functional groups. A significant drop in tensile strength was observed in IPN samples with phase‐separated PU and PM prepolymers. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 115–123, 2002     

聚氨酯脲-丙烯酸酯水分散液的粒径及形态研究

研究了羧基含量、异氰酸酯指数（［ － ＮＣＯ］／［ － ＯＨ］） 、聚氨酯脲与聚丙烯酸酯组成比（ＰＵＵ／ＰＡ） 以及一系列制备工艺因素对聚氨酯脲—丙烯酸酯（ＰＵＡ） 水分散液粒子尺寸及形态的影响。结果表明：羧基含量和ＰＵＵ／ＰＡ 组成比增大或异氰酸酯指数减小都会导致分散液粒径减小;ＰＵＡ 中ＰＡ 含量越大,ＰＵＡ 水分散液粒子形态越不规整;工艺因素如搅拌强度、升温速率等对ＰＵＡ 水分散液粒子尺寸及形态的影响不符合传统乳液聚合的规律。     

Effect of polymerically‐modified clay structure on the morphology and properties of UV‐cured polyurethane acrylate/clay nanocomposites

Polyurethane acrylate (PUA)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by UV‐curing from a series of styrene‐based polymerically‐modified clays and PUA resin. Effect of the chemical structure of the polymeric surfactants on the morphology and tensile properties of nanocomposites has been explored. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experimental results indicated that surfactants having hydroxyl or amino groups show better dispersion and some of the clay platelets were fully exfoliated. However, the composites formed from pristine clay and other polymerically‐modified clays without hydroxyl or amino groups typically contained both tactoids and intercalated structure. The mechanical properties of PUA composites were greatly improved where the organoclays dispersed well. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) were carried out to examine the thermal properties of the composites. The results showed that the loading of polymerically‐modified clays do not effect the thermal stability, but increased the Tgs of PUA/clay composites. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Toughening of poly(propylene carbonate) by carbon dioxide copolymer poly(urethane-amine) via hydrogen bonding interaction

A carbon dioxide copolymer poly(urethane-amine)(PUA) was blended with poly(propylene carbonate)(PPC) in order to improve the toughness and flexibility of PPC without sacrificing other mechanical properties. Compared with pure PPC, the PPC/PUA blend with 5 wt% PUA loading showed a 400% increase in elongation at break, whilst the corresponding yielding strength remained as high as 33.5 MPa and Young's modulus showed slightly decrease. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction in PPC/PUA blends was comfirmed by FTIR, 2D IR and XPS spectra analysis, and finely dispersed particulate structure of PUA in PPC was observed in the SEM images, which provided good evidence for the toughening mechanism of PPC.