顶空-气相色谱法同时测定食品包装复合膜中13种有机溶剂残留

提出了食品包装复合膜中残留的13种有机溶剂(苯类、醇类、酮类、酯类等)的顶空-气相色谱法。分别选择100℃及30 min作为样品在顶空瓶中的平衡温度和平衡时间。选用CP-WAX毛细管色谱柱(50 m×0.25 mm,0.2μm)分离,氢火焰离子检测器测定。13种有机溶剂在25 min内能完全分离。13种有机溶剂的质量浓度在0.086~1.72 mg.m-2范围内呈线性,测定下限(10S/N)在0.003~0.007 mg.m-2之间。方法用于复合膜样品分析,加标回收率在90.5%~98.7%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.85%~4.86%之间。     

高效液相色谱-四极杆/线性离子阱质谱仪测定盐酸决奈达隆中两种基因毒性杂质的痕量残留

建立了高效液相色谱-四极杆/线性离子阱质谱仪(HPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS)测定盐酸决奈达隆药物中两种基因毒性杂质(杂质C和D)痕量残留的分析方法。盐酸决奈达隆药物以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈(20∶80)溶解后,分别采用Agilent Extend-C18色谱柱(1.8μm,2.1 mm×50 mm)或YMC Pack-CN色谱柱(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm)进行分离,以0.1%甲酸水和乙腈作为流动相分别进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)扫描方式下选择离子监测(SRM)模式对样品进行检测。结果表明,杂质C和D在1.0~50μg/L范围内线性关系良好,检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.20μg/L和0.30μg/L,定量下限(S/N=10)分别为0.80μg/L和1.0μg/L。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于盐酸决奈达隆药物中两种基因毒性杂质痕量残留的测定。     

温控离子液体分散液液微萃取结合高效液相色谱法检测脐橙中染色剂残留

建立了QuEChERS-温控离子液体分散液液微萃取结合高效液相色谱法快速检测脐橙中5种染色剂残留的分析方法。QuEChERS前处理步骤:样品用乙腈快速提取,NaCl和无水MgSO4除水后,经N-丙基乙二胺净化。温控离子液体分散液液微萃取步骤:QuEChERS前处理的净化液(1 mL)为分散剂,1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体(60μL)为萃取剂,55℃水浴12 min,将目标物富集。用高效液相色谱-紫外检测器分析,检出样品用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱确证。在0.01和0.05 mg/kg的添加水平下,5种染色剂的平均回收率为70.3%~93.6%,相对标准偏差为3.5%~9.2%,定量限为1.1~2.8μg/kg。     

顶空/气相色谱-质谱法同时测定蔬菜和水中5种挥发性农药助剂残留

建立了同时测定蔬菜和水样品中甲醇、甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯等5种挥发性农药助剂残留量的顶空/气相色谱—质谱分析方法(HS/GCM S)。对溶剂种类、Na Cl溶液浓度、平衡温度、平衡时间以及GC-M S等分离检测条件进行优化。当顶空平衡温度为80℃,平衡时间为20 min,采用DB-624毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm×1.4μm)进行分离,选择离子监测模式(SIM)进行检测,可获得良好的分离效果和定量结果。甲醇和苯系物分别在0.12~80 mg/L,0.0003~0.20 mg/L的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均不小于0.9993,检出限分别为0.04 mg/kg和0.0001 mg/kg。5种挥发性农药助剂在不同添加水平下的平均回收率为63.5%~115.4%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~9.4%。方法适用于西红柿、黄瓜等蔬菜和水中挥发性有机溶剂类农药助剂的残留检测。     

气相色谱-串联质谱同位素内标法测定中草药中124种农药及其代谢物残留

建立测定中草药中124种农药及其代谢物残留的气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS-MS)方法。采用同位素内标法,样品经乙腈提取,采用混合型固相分散萃取剂净化,加入分析保护剂校正基质效应。色谱柱为DB-5MS(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm),程序升温,GC-MS-MS测定。124种农药残留在0.005~0.40μg/m L内呈线性关系,在0.06~0.3 mg/kg内的平均回收率为84.8%~108.7%,RSD为2.1%~12%,方法检出限(LOD)为0.005~0.013 mg/kg。该方法适合于中草药中农药多残留的同时检测。     

顶空/气相色谱-质谱法测定圆珠笔中8种挥发性苯系物

建立了顶空/气相色谱-质谱法测定圆珠笔中8种挥发性苯系物(苯、甲苯、乙苯、对二甲苯、间二甲苯、异丙苯、邻二甲苯和苯乙烯)含量的分析方法。选择顶空平衡温度和时间分别为70℃和40 min,以HP-INNOWax色谱柱(60 m×320μm×0.25μm)分离,采用选择离子监测模式(SIM)检测,外标法定量。结果显示,8种苯系物在0.005～0.5 mg/L质量浓度范围内均与对应的峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r~20.999),检出限(S/N=3)为0.01～0.02 mg/kg,加标回收率为86.0%～104%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.3%～9.6%。该方法操作简单,快速,且灵敏度高,适用于圆珠笔中挥发性苯系物的快速检测。     

河豚鱼、鳗鱼和烤鳗中角黄素残留的超高效液相色谱法测定和超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法确证

建立了河豚鱼、鳗鱼和烤鳗中角黄素残留的超高效液相色谱测定方法和超高效液相色谱-串联质谱确证方法。样品用抗氧化剂焦性没食子酸保护,乙腈均质提取,正己烷液-液分配净化,超高效液相色谱-紫外检测器测定,外标法定量,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法确证。测定方法采用BEHC18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,i.d.1.7μm),流动相为V(0.1%的甲酸)∶V(乙腈)=3∶97,检测波长470 nm。实验结果表明,角黄素在0.05~2.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),在空白样品中,添加低、中、高3个浓度水平(0.05,0.1,1.0 mg/kg),角黄素的回收率均在82.52%~96.96%之间,相对标准偏差为6.9%~15%。方法的检出限(LOD)为0.02 mg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为0.05 mg/kg。串联质谱确证方法采用电喷雾(ESI)离子源,在正离子模式下以多反应监测(MRM)扫描方式检测,定性离子对565.5/203.2和565.5/133.1,定量离子对565.5/203.2。     

高效液相色谱-四极杆/线性离子阱质谱测定替米沙坦中N-甲基邻苯二胺残留量

建立了高效液相色谱-四极杆/线性离子阱质谱(HPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS)测定替米沙坦中N-甲基邻苯二胺残留量的分析方法。替米沙坦药物以水-乙腈(80∶20,体积比)溶解后,采用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(3.5μm,2.1 mm×100 mm)进行分离,以0.1%(体积分数)甲酸水和乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)扫描方式下选择离子监测(SRM)模式对样品进行检测。结果表明,N-甲基邻苯二胺在2.0~50μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r0.99),检出限(S/N=3)为0.5μg/L,定量下限(S/N=10)为2.0μg/L。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于替米沙坦中N-甲基邻苯二胺残留量的测定。     

禽蛋中头孢噻肟残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)测定禽蛋中头孢噻肟药物残留的方法。禽蛋样品中的头孢噻肟用纯水提取,乙腈沉淀蛋白,Oasis HLB(500 mg,6 mL)固相萃取柱净化,8 mL甲醇洗脱。采用Zorbax XDB-C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,3.5μm)色谱柱,以0.2%甲酸水-乙腈为流动相,0.3 mL/min梯度洗脱,经高效液相色谱分离后,采用电喷雾质谱正离子模式电离,多反应选择离子检测(MRM)模式测定。检测离子对为m/z456.1/396.1、m/z456.1/324.1,其中m/z456.1/396.1为定量离子对。在1.35~135μg/L范围内标准曲线的线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 3;在1.0、50.0、100μg/kg3个添加水平的平均加标回收率为87%~99%,相对标准偏差为1.9%~3.9%;方法检出限为0.3μg/kg,定量下限为1.0μg/kg。该方法简便、灵敏、准确、可靠,适用于禽蛋中头孢噻肟药物残留的分析。     

衍生化反应-气相色谱法测定聚氨酯胶黏剂中3,3′-二氯-4,4′-二氨基二苯基甲烷

采用衍生化反应-气相色谱法测定聚氨酯胶黏剂中3,3′-二氯-4,4′-二氨基二苯基甲烷(MOCA)的含量。聚氨酯胶黏剂样品0.500g用20mL甲苯超声萃取40min,在离心后的上层清液10mL中加入10.0mg·L~(-1 )3,3′-二氯联苯胺溶液10μL和N-甲基双三氟乙酰胺(衍生化试剂)20μL。用DB-5色谱柱(30m×0.25mm,0.25μm)分离,电子捕获检测器检测。以3,3′-二氯联苯胺为内标物。MOCA的线性范围为0.10~5.00mg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为1.50mg·kg~(-1)。加标回收率为85.4%~96.7%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于2.0%。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.