同位素内标-多反应监测同步在线质谱全扫描确证火锅料中罂粟壳成分

建立了高效液相色谱-三重四极杆线性离子阱质谱测定火锅料中吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁等5种生物碱残留的确证方法。样品采用稀盐酸加热提取,正己烷除脂,阳离子混合机理固相萃取柱净化,5%氨化乙酸乙酯-甲醇洗脱,PAK ST色谱柱分离,5 mmol/L乙酸铵甲醇溶液-10 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液(pH 3.6)作为流动相洗脱,电喷雾正离子模式下多反应监测同步增强子离子在线全扫描(EPI)。在该实验条件下,5种生物碱的LOD在0.05~0.5 μg/kg之间,增强型子离子全扫描水平限和LOQ在0.2~2 μg/kg之间,方法回收率为64.2%~110.6%, RSD为4.2%~12.5%。阳性样品的定性确证需采用其子离子全扫描质谱图与标准图库中子离子质谱图检索匹配。经测定多种火锅料,表明本方法操作简单、测定结果准确,可用于火锅料中5种生物碱残留的阳性结果确证分析。     

基于轨道阱高分辨质谱联用技术建立食品中罂粟壳生物碱的快速筛查方法

本文采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆/轨道阱高分辨质谱法,建立食品中5种罂粟壳生物碱的快速筛查方法,同时建立质谱数据库,摆脱标准品依赖,实现高通量筛查。食品中5种罂粟壳生物碱采用优化后的前处理方法进行提取,HILIC色谱柱实现分离,采用全扫描自动触发二级扫描模式(Full MS/dd MS²)对吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱、那可丁和蒂巴因进行检测。方法线性范围1～100 ng/mL,相关系数大于0.99,检出限0.1～0.5μg/kg,回收率69.9%～118.7%,相对标准偏差3.2%～15.4%。方法前处理简便、检测灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于食品中罂粟壳生物碱的快速筛查。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定火锅底料中的5种罂粟壳生物碱残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)联用法检测火锅底料中吗啡、可待因、那可丁、罂粟碱、蒂巴因5种生物碱残留的分析方法。样品经含0.2%甲酸的乙腈提取,PRi ME HLB固相萃取小柱快速净化,ACQUITY BHE C18色谱柱(1.7μm,2.1 mm×50 mm)分离,以p H 8.0氨水溶液和乙腈作为流动相,梯度洗脱,经电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离及多反应监测(MRM)测定目标化合物,采用基质标准溶液曲线法定量分析。结果表明,吗啡、可待因的线性范围为0.25~100μg/L,蒂巴因的线性范围为0.05~100μg/L,那可丁、罂粟碱的线性范围为0.05~10μg/L,相关系数均大于0.999。5种生物碱的检出限为0.9~4.5μg/kg,定量下限为3.0~15.0μg/kg;在1、5、10μg/kg(吗啡和可待因为5、25、50μg/kg)3个加标水平下的回收率为70.7%~109.6%,相对标准偏差小于11%。该方法操作快速简单、灵敏度高,适用于火锅底料中罂粟壳生物碱残留的定性与定量分析。     

热解吸-电喷雾离子源-三重四极杆质谱法快速筛查火锅底料和肉汤中非法添加罂粟壳

通过简单的金属探针直接接触火锅底料和肉汤表面采集待测物,经热解吸离子源进一步热解吸和电喷雾离子化,最终进入三重四极杆质谱检测器在多反应监测模式下进行定性分析,实现了火锅底料和肉汤中罂粟壳的现场实时快速检测。结果表明,设置热解吸温度为260℃,以0.1%甲酸水溶液（含10 mmol/L甲酸铵-乙腈（1:1,v/v）作为注射溶剂、注射泵流速为200 μL/h时,仪器响应值最优,灵敏度最高;5种生物碱中罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因在火锅底料和肉汤中的检出限均为2 μg/kg,可待因、吗啡在火锅底料中的检出限为10 μg/kg,在肉汤中的检出限为5 μg/kg。该法与罂粟壳胶体金卡片快检试剂盒相比,灵敏度具有明显优势。应用该法对50批次市售火锅底料、肉汤等样品进行检测,发现1批次鸡汤含有那可丁、罂粟碱、蒂巴因和吗啡4种生物碱,与高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法的检测结果一致。由此说明该方法具有无需样品制备和色谱分离的特点,是一种快速、绿色、环保的分析方法,能够满足对食品中罂粟壳的快速定性分析。     

TurboFlow在线净化-超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆/复合线性离子阱质谱法快速测定食品中违禁添加的罂粟壳

采用在线净化-超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆/复合线性离子阱质谱(TF-UPLC-QTRAP MS)技术,建立了食品中吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁和原阿片碱6种罂粟壳标志物的快速确证检测方法。样品经0.10 mol/L盐酸提取、正己烷脱脂后,直接注入TF-UPLC-QTRAP MS进行分析。对影响净化的条件如TF-净化柱、流动相、洗脱溶液等条件进行了优化。确定以TurboFlow Cyclone MCX柱作为净化柱,Acquity BEH C_(18)柱为分析柱,甲醇-0.05%(体积分数)氨水溶液作为流动相,电喷雾正离子模式下多反应监测-触发增强子离子(MRM-IDA-EPI)扫描方式检测,以溶剂标准内标法定量。方法的检出限为0.05~0.5μg/kg,定量限为0.2~2μg/kg。平均加标回收率为81.1%~98.6%,相对标准偏差为2.9%~15.7%(n=6)。该方法灵敏、准确,适用于食品中非法添加罂粟壳的检测,已应用于实际样品的测定。     

在线净化液相色谱-高分辨质谱法快速筛查果蔬中212种农药残留

基于在线净化液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱技术建立了快速筛查果蔬中212种农药残留的方法和数据库。样品经0.1%乙酸乙腈提取,提取液经在线净化柱(Cyclone-P)净化、富集后,以乙腈-0.5 mmol/L乙酸铵(含0.1%乙酸)为流动相梯度洗脱,待测物经C_(18)分析柱色谱分离后,采用四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱以正负同时扫描的Full Scan/dd MS2模式进行检测。结果表明,212种农药在0.5~50μg/L范围内呈良好线性,相关系数均大于0.998。方法的定量下限(LOQ)均可达到5μg/kg。通过实际样品的加标回收试验,212种农药在10μg/kg的加标回收率为58.3%~129.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.8%~16.0%。该方法利用精确质量数、保留时间、同位素峰比、二级碎片等多个定性信息可在无标准物质的情况下实现对果蔬中212种化合物的快速筛查与确证。     

超高效液相色谱-线性离子阱/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱直接分析葡萄酒中38种多酚类化合物

建立了超高效液相色谱-线性离子阱/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱检测葡萄酒中38种多酚化合物的检测方法。样品过聚醚砜(PES)滤膜后直接上样分析,Hypersil Gold C18色谱柱分离,以乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)和0.1%甲酸水作为流动相梯度洗脱。在m/z 50~1000范围内进行一级质谱全扫描。以准分子离子峰的精确质量数和提取的色谱图峰面积进行筛查分析和定量,以保留时间和数据依赖扫描(data-dependent scan)模式获得的子离子质谱图进行定性确证。38种多酚化合物的质量偏差不大于5×10^-6(5 ppm),浓度与特征离子峰面积的线性关系良好(浓度线性范围为两个数量级),相关系数(R²)大于0.99,方法检出限为0.002~0.50 mg/kg。3个添加水平的回收率范围为90%~102%,相对标准偏差为0.51%~2.56%。应用该方法检测了葡萄酒中38种多酚化合物的含量,该方法准确、可靠。     

在线净化液相色谱-高分辨质谱法快速测定动物源性食品中均三嗪类药物及其代谢产物的残留量

基于在线净化液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱技术建立了快速测定动物源食品中地克珠利、妥曲珠利、妥曲珠利砜和妥曲珠利亚砜残留的分析方法。样品采用乙腈提取,经Cyclone在线净化柱净化后,将富集的目标物洗脱转至C_(18)分析柱,经色谱分离后,采用四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱以Full Scan/dd MS2模式进行检测。4种化合物在0.5~50 ng/m L范围内呈良好线性,相关系数均大于0.999 4,方法的定量下限(LOQ)为2μg/kg。待测物在4种基质中的加标回收率为80.2%~110.5%,相对标准偏差为2.8%~9.7%。该方法简化了前处理过程,消除了基质干扰。利用精确质量数、保留时间、同位素峰比、二级碎片多个定性信息能够实现快速确证测定。     

超高液相色谱/线性离子阱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法快速筛查土壤中氨基甲酸酯类农药残留量

基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱质谱建立了土壤中常见23种氨基甲酸酯类农药的快速筛查和定量方法。样品采用乙腈提取,优化Qu ECh ERS净化。以BEH C18+色谱柱进行分离,通过正离子模式扫描,静电场轨道阱全扫描获得农药的精确质量数,以Full Scan/dd M S2进行定性筛查和定量检测。实验结果表明,添加量为10,20,50μg/kg时,23种氨基甲酸酯农药含量在1.0~50μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)0.9907,平均回收率为62.5%~119.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.1%~11%。定量限(S/N≥10)均为5.0μg/kg,方法适用于土壤中氨基甲酸酯类农药的定性筛查和定量分析。     

固相萃取/HPLC-MS/MS检测食品中吗啡等五种罂粟壳生物碱残留

建立了同时检测食品中非法添加罂粟壳所产生的吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、那可汀、罂粟碱残留量的固相萃取/HPLC-MS/MS方法。样品用体积分数1%三氯乙酸与乙腈混合液提取、正已烷脱脂后的净化液直接用PCX固相萃取柱净化。以乙腈-10 mmol/L乙酸铵为流动相、梯度洗脱、CR色谱柱分离、液相色谱-串联质谱联用仪检测,ESI(+)SRM模式、标准曲线外标法检测吗啡等5种生物碱。化合物标准曲线相关系数均≥0.996,定量限均为0.5,1.0,5.0μg/kg,3个浓度添加水平的回收率在62.2%~117.9%之间,相对标准偏差在5.1%~17%(n=6)之间。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.