在线固相萃取/高效液相色谱法快速测定双黄连口服液及其胶囊中绿原酸与连翘苷的含量

建立了在线样品前处理/HPLC测定双黄连口服液中连翘苷和绿原酸含量的方法。右泵为在线纯化泵,采用Acclaim Polar AdvantageⅡC18(4.6 mm×50 mm×3μm)为在线一维净化柱,以甲醇-1%醋酸-水为流动相;左泵为分析泵,采用Acclaim C18(4.6 mm×150 mm×5μm)为二维分析柱,以乙腈-1%醋酸-水为流动相,柱温30℃,流速1.0 mL/min;UV检测波长为278 nm。绿原酸和连翘苷的相关系数分别为0.999 5、0.999 7,口服液中连翘苷与绿原酸的平均回收率分别为100%和99%。方法快速、简便,专属性、重现性好,测定结果与药典方法基本一致。     

二维液相色谱法在线检测哈茨木霉发酵液中2460A含量

建立了在线检测哈茨木霉发酵液中微量2460A的二维液相色谱方法。利用Ultimate 3000双三元液相色谱仪,采用阀切换二维色谱技术,组合3根色谱柱实现2460A的在线净化、富集和含量检测。净化柱采用资生堂MF C8柱(10 mm×4.6 mm,5.0μm),富集柱采用资生堂MGC18柱(20 mm×4.6 mm,5.0μm),以水-甲醇为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速2.0 m L/min;二维分析柱采用Thermo Hypersil GOLD C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5.0μm),以水-甲醇为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 m L/min;进样量1.0 m L;柱温40℃;检测波长424 nm。方法验证结果显示,2460A的线性范围为0.0025~10.0 mg/L(r=0.9981,n=8),检出限为1.2μg/L;定量限为2.5μg/L;方法回收率为88.0%~104.4%。     

蒸发光散射高效液相色谱法测定黄芪饮片中的黄芪甲苷含量

采用蒸发光散射高效液相色谱法测定黄芪饮片中黄芪甲苷的含量。黄芪饮片分别用甲醇和正丁醇提取,以Na OH溶液洗涤,蒸干,再用甲醇溶解,采用Agilent SB–C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)分离测定,流动相为乙腈–水(32∶68),流量为1.0 m L/min,漂移管温度为80℃。方法检出限为1.5μg/m L,黄芪甲苷溶液的质量浓度在2~12μg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好(r2=0.999 6),测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.65%(n=6),平均加标回收率为99.6%。该方法稳定可靠,可用于黄芪药材及其生物制品中黄芪甲苷含量的测定。     

全自动在线固相萃取-二维高效液相色谱与质谱联用测定辣椒油中苏丹红

建立了全自动在线固相萃取-二维高效液相色谱与质谱联用快速测定辣椒油中的苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ的方法。样品经乙腈和二氯甲烷萃取后,在一维色谱柱(Acclaim PAⅡ,150 mm×3.0 mm×3μm)上分离出苏丹红,通过阀的分段切换,依次富集在SPE柱(Acclaim 120 C18,10 mm×4.6 mm×5μm)上,在线完成净化和萃取富集;再通过阀切换将它们转移至二维色谱流路,在Acclaim 120 C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm×2.2μm)上分离检测。一维色谱以水-乙腈-甲醇/四氢呋喃(1∶1,V/V)为流动相,进样体积20μL,0.6 mL/min流速梯度洗脱和紫外-可见检测器(λ=254 nm)监测分离状况;二维色谱以水-乙腈-甲酸/乙腈(1∶1000,V/V)为流动相,0.3 mL/min流速梯度洗脱,采用单四极质谱仪,选择离子方式检测。整个分析流程27 min即可完成。4种苏丹红的保留时间的相对标准偏差均小于0.1%,色谱峰面积的相对标准偏差均小于2%(n=7);在0.6～60μg/L范围内峰面积与进样质量浓度的线性相关系数均大于0.9958;加标回收率为50%～97%;方法检出限均小于0.2μg/L(S/N=3)。测定结果令人满意。     

在线净化/固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定饮料中的维生素B_(12)

建立了饮料中痕量维生素B12(VB12)的在线净化/固相萃取-高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定方法。在双梯度HPLC系统上,以磷酸盐缓冲溶液-乙腈为流动相,将2.5 mL样品在线注入SPE柱(Acclaim PAⅡ,3μm,3.0 mm×33 mm)以富集VB12,通过改变流动相梯度在SPE柱上以正向淋洗方式预分离VB12。被切入分析流路中的VB12在Acclaim PAⅡ分析柱(3μm,3.0 mm×150 mm)上以磷酸盐缓冲溶液-乙腈为流动相,0.5 mL/min流速梯度洗脱分离,使用紫外检测器在361 nm波长下检测,整个分析过程在20 min内完成。VB12峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.2%,其保留时间的RSD为0.027%。方法在0.1~5.0μg/L质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性系数为0.999 9。方法的加标回收率为91%~109%,检出限为0.046μg/L。该方法简单、快速、重现性好,相比于直接大体积进样和传统在线SPE模式,其去除杂质的效率更高、灵敏度更好,是一种测定饮料中痕量VB12的简单、有效方法。     

固相萃取/超高效液相色谱法测定龙胆泻肝丸中栀子苷、龙胆苦苷与黄芩苷

建立了一种快速测定龙胆泻肝丸中栀子苷、龙胆苦苷和黄芩苷3种有效成分的超高效液相色谱方法。样品经50%甲醇提取,C18固相萃取(SPE)小柱净化后,采用Ultimate XB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×50 mm,1.8μm)进行分离,以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。考察了不同规格色谱柱、流动相梯度比例、进样体积、柱温和流速对分离效果的影响,并对SPE柱流出液的平衡体积进一步考察,在最佳分析条件下进行液相色谱分析,该方法显示了良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 8),其定量下限(LOQ)为0.24～0.44 mg/L,加标回收率为95%～99%。该方法快速、准确,可满足实际检测需要。     

高效液相色谱法测定车内空气中14种醛酮类化合物

建立一种可以使车内空气中14种醛酮类化合物完全分离的高效液相色谱法.选用Ultra C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱进行分离,柱温为45℃,流量为1.5 mL/min,进样体积为20μL,检测器为二极管阵列检测器,检测波长为360 nm,采用水–四氢呋喃(体积比为4:1)和乙腈的流动相进行梯度洗脱.所...     

高效液相色谱法测定磷酸三甲苯酯中游离甲酚的含量

采用高效液相色谱法测定磷酸三甲苯酯中游离甲酚的含量.利用高效液相色谱外标法对试样进行分离、检测,获得最佳色谱条件.结果表明,最佳色谱条件:C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm×5μm),流动相为甲醇∶水(体积比为8∶2),流速1.0 mL/min,紫外检测器,检测波长280 nm,柱温35℃,等度洗脱,进样量10μL.方法的加标回收率为95.9%~98.9%,相对标准偏差为1.02%~2.55%,具有操作简便、快捷、准确度高的特点.     

HPLC法测定黄芪中黄酮类成分和黄芪甲苷的含量

比较黄芪对照药材和甘肃省近20个乡镇大面积种植的黄芪中黄芪甲苷和2个黄酮类化合物的含量,确定甘肃黄芪质量评价指标 采用KromasilODS-1色谱柱,甲醇-水为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长254nm测定黄酮类成分的含量;乙腈-水为流动相,等度洗脱,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为200nm测定黄芪甲苷的含量.黄酮类成分毛蕊异黄酮的线性范围为2.350×10-3～4.700×10-2μg,平均回收率为98.34%,RSD为2.00%;芒柄花素线性范围为:2.325×10-3～4.650×10-2μg,平均回收率为96.53%,RSD为1.63%;黄芪甲苷线性范围为1.215～6.075μg,平均回收率为101.47%,RSD为2.21%.该方法简便,可靠,准确,具有一定的实用性,可用于黄芪药材质量控制.     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定玉屏风胶囊中黄芪甲苷的含量

建立高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定玉屏风胶囊中黄芪甲苷的含量.采用Phenomenex C18(4. 6mm×250 mm i. d. ,5μm)色谱柱,柱温为35℃,以乙腈-水(35∶65)为流动相,以蒸发光散射检测器进行检测.以峰面积的常用对数(Y)对进样量的常用对数(X)进行线性回归,回归方程为Y=1. 6709 X+14. 2699(r=0. 9998),线性范围为1～19μg.加标回收率为86. 7%～96. 2%,测定结果的RSD为0. 22%(n=7).方法准确、可靠、重复性好,可有效控制玉屏风胶囊的质量.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.