制备方法对Mn-Ce/ZSM-5催化剂低温选择性催化还原NO性能的影响

采用浸渍法、氨水共沉淀法和机械混合法制备了Mn-Ce/ZSM-5催化剂, 并研究了其对氨选择性催化还原(NH\-3-SCR)NO反应的催化性能. 结果表明, 采用氨水共沉淀法制备的Mn-Ce/ZSM-5催化剂显示出优越的NH₃-SCR催化活性, 不仅具有好的低温催化活性和宽的反应温度窗口, 而且具有高的热稳定性. 铈的含量对催化活性也存在着明显的影响. 采用X射线衍射(XRD)、 X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和等离子体发射光谱(ICP)等技术对不同方法制备的Mn-Ce/ZSM-5催化剂的体相和表面结构进行了表征. 结果发现, Mn-Ce/ZSM-5催化剂中Ce主要以Ce⁴⁺的形态出现, 并与锰有较强的协同作用. Mn以多种氧化物的形态共存, 采用氨水共沉淀法制备更有利于低价态的锰氧化物Mn₂O₃, Mn₃O₄等的形成, 并且更易于氧物种(O_1s)在催化剂表面富集, 这可能是导致氨水共沉淀法所制备的Mn-Ce/ZSM-5样品活性最佳的原因.     

SrCeFeNiO6催化剂的制备及其催化甲烷燃烧性能研究

采用共沉淀法、溶胶凝胶法和水热法制备了双钙钛矿型催化剂SrCeFeNiO₆,其结构和性能经X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、程序升温还原(H₂-TPR)、比表面积测定(BET)、热重分析(TG-DSC)和甲烷燃烧活性测试表征。结果表明：3种方法制备的催化剂经800 ℃焙烧4 h后均可形成完整的双钙钛矿晶型,催化性能和高温稳定性较好。其中,采用共沉淀法制备的SrCeFeNiO₆催化剂催化甲烷燃烧活性最好,起燃温度T_10℃为432 ℃,完全转换温度T_90℃为582 ℃,比表面积为15.4 m²·g^-1,活化能为43.4 kJ·mol^-1。     

双金属Ag-Ni-MOF-74的合成及低温CO催化还原NO性能研究

采用后合成修饰法成功制备出一系列双金属Ag_x-Ni-MOF-74催化剂, 并应用于CO选择性催化还原NO (CO-SCR)反应. 研究结果发现, 相较于单金属Ni-MOF-74催化剂, 双金属Ag-Ni-MOF-74具有更加优良的低温CO催化还原NO能力, 其中Ag₁-Ni-MOF-74催化剂在200~300 ℃的温度范围达到接近100% NO转化率. 利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、傅氏转换红外线光谱分析(FT-IR)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、氢气程序升温还原性能测试(H₂-TPR)等技术对样品的结构和性能进行了探究, 发现Ag的加入有利于丰富催化剂活性位点和提高催化剂的比表面积, 并促进反应物的有效活化和传输. 此外, 基于原位红外光谱分析, 发现了CO-SCR反应过程遵循具有较高低温催化效率的Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H)机理.     

负载型钙钛矿催化氧化NO及抗SO_2性能研究

采用柠檬酸络合浸渍法制备了负载型钙钛矿氧化物La1-xCexCoO3/CeO2(x=0~0.3)催化剂,考察了不同Ce掺杂量对其催化氧化NO和抗硫性能的影响,并运用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、氮气物理吸附、程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、氧气程序升温脱附(O2-TPD)等手段对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,催化剂的活性与其比表面积大小和氧化还原性质密切相关;其中,负载型钙钛矿La0.8Ce0.2CoO3/CeO2催化剂在300℃时催化氧化NO的转化率达78%。在添加CeO2作载体后,不仅改善了非负载性钙钛矿的低温活性,而且抗硫性能也显著提高。     

Cu/La/CeO2-Al2O3的制备及其对丙烯选择性还原NO的催化活性

将Al(NO3)3-Ce(NO3)3混合溶液滴入到NH4HCO3-NH3.H2O混合溶液中,采用共沉淀法制备了CeO2-Al2O3复合载体.采用等体积浸渍法分别浸渍助剂La和活性组分Cu,制备了Cu/La/CeO2-Al2O3催化剂.考察了催化剂在富氧条件下对丙烯选择性还原NO反应的催化活性,并借助扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、X射线衍射、比表面积测定、红外光谱、热重分析、X射线光电子能谱和程序升温还原等方法研究了催化剂活性与结构之间的关系.结果表明,CeO2-Al2O3复合载体能显著增大催化剂的比表面积和孔径,增加表面Lewis酸酸量,改善催化剂的还原性能;助剂La能进一步增大催化剂的比表面积和孔径,增加表面Br nsted酸酸量,显著提高催化剂的热稳定性;催化剂的粒径较小,对丙烯选择性还原NO反应具有较高的催化活性,最高催化活性时的温度较低.     

制备方法对CuO/CeO_2-ZrO_2催化CO低温氧化活性的影响

采用微波加热分解法(一步法)和微波加热处理共沉淀+浸渍法(两步法)制备了CuO/CeO2-ZrO2催化剂,并对其进行了X射线衍射、低温氮气吸附/脱附和程序升温还原等表征,采用色谱流动法考察了催化剂的催化CO低温氧化性能.结果表明,一步法比两步法更有利于使催化剂表面CuO高度分散,CuO与CeO2-ZrO2间的相互作用更强,CuO更容易被还原,从而具有更高的催化CO氧化活性.与CeO2-ZrO2有相互作用的高分散和小颗粒CuO有利于催化剂活性的提高,与CeO2-ZrO2无相互作用的大颗粒CuO对催化剂的活性有抑制作用.     

CuO-Bi2O3/SiO2-MgO催化剂的制备及炔化性能

采用浸渍法、沉积-沉淀法、共沉淀法制备了CuO-Bi2O3/SiO2-MgO催化剂,利用低温N2物理吸-脱附、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、傅里叶红外(FT-IR)等技术对其进行了表征,并考察了催化剂在甲醛乙炔化合成1,4-丁炔二醇反应中的催化性能.结果表明,制备方法对催化剂中活性组分分散度及还原性能有较大影响,进而在甲醛乙炔化合成1,4-丁炔二醇反应中表现出不同的催化活性.采用共沉淀法制备的催化剂中活性物种CuO具有高的分散度与较好的还原能力,经活化后可生成数量较多的炔铜配合物活性中心,表现出最佳的炔化反应活性与丁炔二醇选择性.     

Ni-Al2O3催化剂上丙烷选择性还原NO

 以机械混合法、浸渍法和共沉淀法分别制备了4%Ni-Al2O3催化剂,并用X射线衍射、程序升温还原、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和N2吸附等方法对催化剂的体相和表面结构进行了表征,系统考察了制备方法及焙烧温度对Ni-Al2O3催化剂催化丙烷选择性还原NO性能的影响. 结果表明, Ni-Al2O3中存在NiO和NiAl2O4两种镍相,前者是丙烷氧化活性中心,后者是NO选择性催化还原的活性中心. 共沉淀法制备的催化剂活性最好, 550 ℃焙烧的Ni-Al2O3催化剂在反应温度为450和500 ℃时NO转化率接近100%.     

不同MgO载体对合成低碳烯烃用铁锰基催化剂的影响

采用共沉淀法、硝酸盐热分解法制备的MgO和商品MgO为载体,使用共浸渍法制备了系列FeMn/MgO催化剂,以CO加氢合成低碳烯烃为模型反应,对不同催化剂的反应性能进行了考察,采用X射线光电子能谱、N2物理吸附、X射线物相分析、程序升温还原等表征技术对催化剂的结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明,采用共沉淀法制备的MgO载体比表面积最大,达到203.5m²/g,以此为载体制备的催化剂取得了最优的CO加氢合成低碳烯烃性能。在340℃、2.0MPa、1600h^-1的反应条件下,CO转化率达到91.36%,C₂⁼～C₄⁼选择性为58.48%。催化剂的比表面积大,活性组分分布均匀且在表面含量高及低温还原性能的明显改善是其具有优异的催化性能的重要原因。     

NO选择性催化还原Ce-Mn-Ti-O催化剂铈组分助催化作用

用NH3程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)和BET表面积测试结合NO选择性催化还原(SCR)微型反应评价等方法,研究了溶胶-凝胶法制备的Ce-Mn-Ti-O复合氧化物催化剂中铈组分的助催化作用.结果表明随铈含量增加,NO转化率大幅度增加,在Ce/Mn摩尔比约0.08时达极大值,其后随铈含量进一步增加,NO转化率又逐渐下降.适量铈组分的加入对Mn-Ti-O催化剂表面酸性影响不大,但增加了催化剂活性组分Mn物种的表面浓度,提高了Mn4+物种的相对含量和Mn物种的可还原性,从而提高催化剂低温SCR活性.当Ce/Mn摩尔比超过0.08,催化剂表面的Mn组分与Ce组分可能形成无定型结构的多层聚集的Ce-O-Mn物种,导致催化剂Mn/Ti摩尔比下降和Mn物种可还原性下降,从而导致催化剂SCR活性的下降.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.