以新药研发为案例的有机药物化学课程群PBL教学设计

在有机药物化学课程群中开展PBL教学改革,基于新药凯美纳的开发进行教学设计。通过凯美纳药物小分子的发现、合成设计、药学评价、新药上市等剧情把课程群间的课程内容有机地整合,从整体上加深学生对药学专业的认识,注重知识的灵活应用,达到“学有所成,学以致用”的目的;同时,PBL教学采用小组合作学习形式,培养了学生自主学习和终身学习的技能,提升了学生的团队合作意识和能力。     

关于提高高职药理学教学效果的几点建议

药理学是高职药学类专业的核心课程,搞好药理学的教学对培养合格的药学类专业高职学生十分重要。然而,药理学内容多,知识散,复杂抽象,加之高职学生大都基础不好,学习主动性不强,使得药理学的教学开展起来有一定困难。针对这一情况,文中从如何上好第一次课、采用多种方法辅助教学、及时归纳总结和联想、重视药物作用机制的讲解、不断完善和更新自身知识等五个方面给出了许多具体建议,希望对高职药理学的教学效果的提高提供参考。     

课程思政在“无机化学”课程教学中的探索

课程思政是新时代教育改革背景下提出的创新教育理念,教师不再是单纯的知识传播者,还应在教学过程中注重学生思想道德、思维品质等各方面能力素质的全面发展。无机化学是化学、化工、材料、环境、生物、药学等化学近源专业面向大一新生所开设的专业基础课程,在新形势下课程内容和思政教育融合并举,在无机化学课程中进行课程思政教学改革具有重要意义。     

“药物化学”与“药理学”课程整合教学的探索

分析了"药物化学"与"药理学"2门课程整合教学的基础,从师资队伍、教学大纲、理论教学内容、实验教学内容和试题库建设等方面具体阐述了课程整合教学改革的实施方案,并对药学本科课程整合进行了总结思考与展望,为药学人才培养探索了新的模式和方向。     

能源与环境系统工程专业工程化学课程的教学改革与实践

工程化学课程是本校非化学化工专业(能源与环境系统工程专业)的一门学科基础课程。该课程的目的是锻炼学生的化学思维能力,通过学习工程应用中的化学理论,提高学生运用化学知识解决实际问题的能力。本文阐述了本校工程化学课程的教学理念和授课情况,对教学内容和方法进行了深入的改革与实践,详细介绍了课程建设、课堂教学、课下反馈与评价、科研相辅、教学工作的反思与总结,进一步阐述了教学环节的教育探索与实践总结,使工程化学课程的教学质量得到了提高。     

应用化学专业考试及考核体系的改革与探索

考试是促进学生全面发展 ,提高素质的重要手段 ,也是检查教学效果、巩固学生所学知识、改进教学工作和督促实现教育目标的必要教学环节。应用化学专业是一个应用理科专业 ,强调学生应既有扎实的化学理论基础 ,又有一定的工程基础和工程实践能力。在应用化学专业开设的课程中既有理科特点的深层次基础课程 ,又有大量锻炼实践能力的实验课程 (包括工程实验 )。因此 ,针对应用化学专业特点 ,建立科学、合理的考试、考核体系具有重要意义。1　传统考试模式的反思与现状分析　　传统教育注重知识的传授 ,强调对知识的记忆、模仿和重复练习 ,通常…     

高职高专药学基础化学实验课程的改革和实践

对高职高专药学及相关专业基础化学实验的教材和教学进行了有益的改革探索和实践.通过改进教学方法,整合实验项目,优化教学内容,调动了学生实验积极性,增强了学生实验动手能力,提高了实验教学质量,取得了良好的教学效果,使课程具有较强的专业服务性,真正发挥基础化学对后续课程的学习和实际工作的作用,并积极倡导在实验教学中贯彻绿色化学思想.     

双一流背景下有机化学精准教学的探究实践*

有机化学课程是本校化学师范和高分子材料与工程2个国家级一流本科专业以及应用化学、制药工程等专业基础必修课程。由于化学师范和非师范专业的培养目标不同,有机化学的精准教学方面也有所差异。主要从理论教学、实验教学和多媒体教学等3个方面对化学师范专业和非师范专业有机化学差异化精准教学进行了探究实践,化学师范专业有机化学的精准教学侧重于培养学生的教学能力,非师范专业有机化学的精准教学侧重于培养学生的应用能力。     

药学教育中应加强结构化学的教学

从药学教育中结构化学的教学现状,结构化学的基本概念和原理在药学中的应用,具备较系统的结构化学知识对于药学专业人员进行药物研究的作用等方面,论述了在药学教育中加强结构化学教学的重要性和必要性,并提出了加强结构化学教学的途径。     

高分子化学课程教学的探索与实践

高分子化学是高分子材料专业学生接触到的第一门专业基础课程,本文从多个方面对高分子化学课程教学进行探讨,包括注重专业教育及兴趣培养、注重与基础化学的衔接和对比、注重科研素质培养、板书与多媒体教学相结合、注重专业前沿知识的讲授、充分利用实物教学等几方面,并通过在教学实践中加以运用,有效提高了课程教学质量。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

化学计量中不确定度评定研究进展

测量不确定度是表征合理地赋予被测量之值的分散性的参数。本文针对化学计量不确定度评定基础模型仅适用于线性模型、概率分布为正态分布或缩放位移t分布等局限,介绍了近年来不确定度评定的研究热点:蒙特卡罗方法(Monte Carlo Method,MCM),不确定度评定的来源、评定概念、评估方法及其发展过程,扩大了测量不确定度评定与表示的适用范围。     

微量钙的测定方法研究进展

介绍了1995-2006年期间测定微量和痕量钙的方法,如电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法以及离子色谱法等的工作原理和特点,并说明了其测定微量钙的应用领域。并对微量钙的测定技术进行了展望(引用文献55篇)。