Ti-MWW催化丁酮氨肟化连续於浆床工艺

在液相连续赞浆床反应器中,Ti-MW WIH202体系表现出较高的催化丁酮氨肪化制备丁酮肠的活性,详细考察了各反应条件对Ti-MWW分子筛催化性能的影响.结果表明,在优化的反应条件下,丁酮转化率和丁酮肪选择性分别达95%和99%以上;均优于传统的铁硅分子筛TS-1,且稳定性也更高.     

含流手性β-氨基醇的合成及其在对映选择性还原反应中的应用

S烷基-L-半胱氨酸2a～2c通过酯化、格林亚反应合成了光学活性含硫β-氨基 醇4a-4c，并用于潜手性酮的对映选择性NaBH_4／12还原．光学活性二级醇化学产 率很高，对映体过量最高可达93％．     

α-酰基环酮烷基化的初步探索及α-亚四氢呋喃-2-基环戊(己)酮的合成

a-4-氯丁酰基环戊酮和a-4-氯丁酰基环己酮极易发生分子内O-烷基化,分别生成a-亚四氢呋喃-2-基环戊酮和a-亚四氢呋喃-2-基环己酮,而不发生C-烷基化,相应的a-乙酰基环酮也不易发生C-烷基化,而在EtONa-EtOH中反应生成酮酸酯。     

微波辅助合成邻羟基苯丁酮

利用微波辅助,以丁酸苯酯为原料,经Fries重排制备了邻羟基苯丁酮.通过单因素实验考察了反应时间、催化剂用量及反应温度对收率的影响,正交实验确定了最优工艺条件.结果表明,当n(催化剂):n(丁酸苯酯)=1.6,反应温度120℃,反应时间8 min时,丁酸苯酯完全转化,邻羟基苯丁酮收率45.0%.     

双功能催化剂Nix/MgyAl2O y+3用于丁酮烷基化反应

以Nix/zMgy/zAl2/z(OH)2(CO3)1/z(z=x+y+2,x=0.2、1,5≤y≤11.8)水滑石为前驱体,经高温焙烧和H2还原后得到了一系列可用于甲醇-丁酮(MEK)烷基化反应的Nix/MgyAl2Oy+3(x=0.2、1,5≤y≤11.8)双功能催化剂,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、程序升温还原(TPR)、程序升温脱附(TPD)等技术对催化剂的结构和形貌进行了表征。活性实验结果发现Ni/Mg9Al2O12催化剂具有较好的活性,在常压、温度280℃、原料液时空速(LHSV)6.0 h-1的条件下,丁酮的转化率为61.6%,3?戊酮(DEK)和3?甲基?2?丁酮(MIPK)的选择性分别为45.0%和17.7%。表征结果表明催化剂中合适的活性金属Ni和MgO含量对提高DEK和MIPK的选择性具有重要的影响,Ni与催化剂表面碱量之间的协同作用可能是影响催化剂的活性和选择性的主要因素。     

(-)-N-芳硫基樟脑内磺酰胺的合成及其与β-酮酯的反应

(1S)-(-)-2,10-樟脑内磺酰胺与原位生成的芳基硫氯反应，制得系列亲电性N-芳硫基樟脑内磺酰胺试剂（1a~1c），并将其应用于与β-酮酯活泼氢的不对称亲电取代反应，合成了具有光学活性的α-芳硫基-β-酮酯衍生物。考察了试剂结构、底物酯基的体积及环大小、添加剂种类及用量，以及溶剂、温度等反应条件对手性诱导效率的影响。初步实验结果表明：以(1S)-(-)-N-对甲基苯硫基樟脑内磺酰胺（1a）为亲电试剂，六元环β-酮甲酯为底物，甲苯为溶剂，碳酸钾为碱，室温反应48 h，α-芳硫基-β-酮酯的收率可达91%，对映选择性达40%ee。      

Zn参与合成手性3,4-二氢吡啶酮的新方法

以zn为催化剂,手性氮杂环丁酮和γ卤代的β-酮酯为原料,合成了两个手性二氢吡啶酮衍生物,其结构经1^H NMR和MS确证。     

不对称催化的有机锌试剂对酮的加成反应研究进展

按照手性配体的结构类型分类, 综述了近年来有机锌试剂对酮、α-酮酯等化合物的不对称加成反应的研究进展, 对高效、高选择性的手性配体在该类反应中的应用进行了重点评述.     

富电子杂环芳烃与酮酯的自由基脱氢偶联反应

报道了一种小分子酮、酯与富电子杂环芳烃的高度选择性的自由基脱氢交叉偶联反应. 酯、酮作为溶剂, 过氧化物加热条件下发生裂解与酯、酮作用产生α羰基碳中心自由基, 进而与富电子杂环芳烃发生交叉脱氢偶联, 得到一系列C-2官能化富电子杂环产物. 该反应成功地运用自由基的极性效应, 从而精确控制自由基反应的化学选择性. 此外, 该体系还具有反应迅速、操作简便、官能团兼容性较好、区域选择性单一等优点. 预期它将在合成有机化学上得到较广泛的应用.     

纳米材料催化化学发光法测定车间废气中的丁酮

基于纳米材料催化丁酮的氧化反应产生化学发光的现象,建立了一种丁酮的快速测定方法。实验发现,丁酮在纳米级MgO和Al2O3表面都有较强的发光现象,但在MgO与Al2O3摩尔比为4：1的混合物上有较好的选择性。选择了最佳实验条件：分析波长为440nm;测定温度为335℃左右;载气流速为145mL／min;方法的检出限为6．2mg/／m^3;线性范围为20～1000mg/m^3;相关系数为0．9992。应用本法可快速测定车间空气中的丁酮。     

Acetalation and Ketalation Catalyzed by SO42-/TiO2-MoO3

The catalytic activities of SO42-/TiO2-MoO3 in synthesizing cyclohexanone ethylene ketal,cyclohexanone 1,2-propanediol ketal, 2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane,2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane, butanone ethy-lene ketal and butanone 1,2-propanediol ketal were reported. It has been demonstrated that SO42-/TiO2-MoO3 is an excellent catalyst. Various factors concerned in this reaction have been investigated. The optimum conditions have been found, that is, the molar ratio of aldehyde/ketone to alcohol was 1:1.5 or 1:1.3,the mass ratio of the catalyst used to the reactants was 0.25～1.5%, and the reaction time was 45～60 min. Under this conditions, the yield of cyclohexanone ethylene ketal is 82.7%, cyclohexanone 1,2-propanediol ketal is 83.4%, the yield of 2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane is 68.1%,4-methyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane is 87.5%, the yield of 2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane is 70.7%,4-methyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane is 82.5%, the yield of butanone ethylene ketal is 74.1%, and butanone 1,2-propanediol ketal is 94.9%.Some equation and experiment results concerned of the synthetic acetals or ketals were listed as follows.     

Sol–gel‐adsorbent‐coated extraction needles to detect volatile compounds in spoiled fish

Volatile compounds generated by fish spoilage were investigated by an inside‐needle microextraction method followed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The inside of a needle was coated with an adsorbent to extract the target analytes from the headspace of the sample. The examined adsorbents included β‐cyclodextrin, polystyrene resin cross‐linked with 1% divinylbenzene, and polyethylene glycol mixed with polydimethylsiloxane. The investigated volatile compounds generated by fish spoilage were acetone, 2‐butanone, 2‐butanol, 2‐propanol, dimethyl disulfide, acetic acid, and benzaldehyde. The analysis conditions for the sorption and desorption processes were optimized. Each optimized condition was validated by determining the limit of detection and the limit of quantitation from the calibration curves, as well as the recovery, reproducibility, and concentration factors. As a result, all of the fabricated needles afforded successful recoveries, above 90%, with relative standard deviations below 10%. In particular, cyclodextrin and polystyrene resin cross‐linked with 1% divinylbenzene mixed with polydimethylsiloxane show good sensitivities and concentration factors for the standard volatile compounds. The storage of fresh mackerel and salted mackerel at room temperature for 14 days caused the concentrations of dimethyl disulfide and acetic acid to significantly increase while those of acetone, 2‐butanone, 2‐propanol, and 2‐butanol changed only slightly.     

以激基缔合物为中间体的对－N，N－二甲氨苯乙烯和蒽乙烯的光环加成反应

研究了对－Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲氨苯乙烯和蒽乙烯生成的激基缔合物在不同极性溶剂中的荧光特性，发现其荧光发射波长随溶剂的极性增大向长波方向移动，且发现激基缔合物荧光量子产率的大小决定对－Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲氨苯乙烯和蒽乙烯的光环加成产物的产率。其中反式产物的相对产率随溶液极性增大而降低，并进一步探讨了此光环加成反应的机理。     

顶空毛细管气相色谱法测定吡虫啉中的丁酮

采用顶空毛细管气相色谱法测定吡虫啉中的丁酮残留量。样品经二氯甲烷溶解,用HP–5毛细管色谱柱分离,氢火焰离子化检测器检测,顶空平衡温度为70℃,平衡时间为10 min,以外标法计算含量。丁酮的质量浓度在2.0~510.0μg/m L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.999 7,方法的检出限为0.5μg/m L,样品3个水平的加标回收率为99.4%~102.1%,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于3.0%(n=5)。该方法简便快速,准确可靠,可用于吡虫啉产品的质量控制。     

新型粘合剂的金属氢化物电极研究——化学处理对电极性能的影响

镍氢电池;苯乙烯;金属氢化物电池;丁二苯-苯乙烯共聚物;丁酮浸渍;新型粘合剂的金属氢化物电极研究—化学处理对电极性能的影响     

气相色谱法测定甲乙酮重质物含量

用HP-5毛细管色谱柱测定甲乙酮生产过程中产生的重质副产物组分的含量,研究了其测定条件,并对分离后的组分用质谱方法进行定性,按照确定的分析条件,各组分都得到较好的分离,回收率在98％～102％之间,分析结果比较准确可靠．     

Reaction mechanism of the ammoximation of ketones catalyzed by TS-1

Summary The liquid-phase adsorption of acetone, butanone, cyclohexanone, 3-methylcyclohexanone and 4-butylcyclohexanone on TS-1 were measured, and the direct ammoximation reactions of these ketones with H₂O₂and NH₃catalyzed by TS-1 were studied. The catalysts after reaction were characterized by TGA. The adsorption results showed that acetone, butanone, cyclohexanone and 3-methylcyclohexanone could enter into the cavity of TS-1, while 4-butylcyclohexanone could not. In the ammoximation reactions, all the ketones were converted into the corresponding oximes in highconversions and selectivities. In combination with the TGA results, it is inferred thatthe ammoximation reactions of acetone and butanone may occur to some extent inside the pores of TS-1. For cyclohexanone and 3-methylcyclohexanone, the ketone-involving step may occur inside the pores of TS-1 to a limited extent but for 4-butylcyclohexanone, may only occur outside the catalyst.</o:p>     

Updated Abraham model correlations for correlating solute transfer into dry butanone and dry cyclohexanone solvents

Updated Abraham solvation parameter model correlations are derived for describing the partitioning and solubility behaviour of organic nonelectrolyte solutes and inorganic gases in both anhydrous butanone and cyclohexanone solvents. The butanone and cyclohexanone correlations are based on data sets that contain 103 and 72 experimental data points, respectively. The derived correlations for butanone describe the experimental partitioning and solubility behaviour to within a standard deviation of 0.145 log units. A slightly smaller standard deviation of 0.135 was observed between the experimental and back-calculated values for the cyclohexanone solvent correlation equations.     

Pretreatment of Rice Straw Using a Butanone or an Acetaldehyde Dilute Solution Explosion for Producing Ethanol

Ethanol conversion from rice straw using butanone and acetaldehyde dilute solution explosions was evaluated based on the optimization of pure water explosion. To decrease residual inhibitor content, the exploded slurry was dried and investigated at different temperature. Using a 0.9-mol/L butanone solution explosion, with the explosion pressure set at 3.1 MPa, the residence time at 7 min, the dried rice straw-to-water ratio at 1:3 (w/w), and the exploded slurry drying temperuture at 90 °C for 8 h, the yields of total sugar, glucose, and xylose were 85%, 88%, 82% (w/w), respectively, and the ethanol productivity was 26.0 g/100 g rice straw dry matter. Moreover, 0.5-mol/L acetaldehyde dilute solution explosion improved the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) and simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF), and the residual inhibitors had negligible effects on EH and SSCF after detoxification by drying. The results suggested that compared with pure water explosions, the use of butanone and of acetaldehyde dilute solution explosions lowered the explosive temperature and improved the sugar yield, although relative crystallinity of the rice straw dry matter was increased after the explosion.