有机化学实验课程对培养学生初步科研能力的探索与实践

在有机化学实验课程中探索研究型教学模式及考核方式,在教学中融入前沿介绍、科研方法及科研过程引导,通过授课教师引导下的实验对学生进行科研训练,培养学生初步科研能力,为后期独立进行“大学生创新实验计划”项目做准备,并弥补现有大学生科研训练模式中教师引导较少、学生积极性较低等不足。     

激光显微拉曼光谱仪在本科实验教学中的应用

拉曼光谱作为一种无损检测的指纹光谱是科研中的主要表征手段。激光显微拉曼光谱实验教学通过测试科研中的样品让学生了解拉曼测试的重要性以及科研的分析方法,构建科学研究和实验教学的桥梁。本实验课程同时安排创新探索实验,培养学生的自主学习兴趣和科研创新能力。通过本实验的学习,让学生们了解目前先进的分析手段和先进的大型仪器,有利于学生综合实验素质及科研能力的培养,为以后从事科学研究及相关工作所需综合能力的培养打下坚实的基础。     

在医用化学验证性实验教学中培养学生探究性能力的探讨

通过改革实验教学探讨了在验证性实验教学中培养学生探索性和研究性能力的方法。实践证明,改革实验教材增加综合性实验内容、让学生参加实验前准备、在实验中设置“障碍”、开展即时实验技能竞赛是提高学生实验能力培养学生科研意识和创新能力的有效途径。     

利用实验准备环节开放实验室的新模式

探讨了一种在基础实验室利用实验准备环节开放实验的新模式,引导学生在参与实验准备过程中,从基本操作技能练习开始,到应用操作技能完成化学实验准备工作,使学生先具备从事科研的基本能力,再到教师研究室进行学年论文或者毕业论文等相关科研工作,分层次培养学生的实验综合能力和科研创新能力。     

在有机化学及实验教学中培养学生的科研能力

在有机化学理论课教学中融入对学科前沿、科研动态的介绍,在对知识的解析过程中注重培养学生的科研思路,在有机化学实验课教学中采用设计性实验,结合学术报告、学生科研立项、开放性实验室或课题等第二课堂,积极营造科研氛围,培养学生的科研能力。     

磷化锡/氮掺杂碳复合材料的简单制备及储锂性能研究——推荐一个综合化学实验

通过磷化锡/氮掺杂碳复合材料的制备、表征及储锂性能测试,帮助学生理解基础化学知识之间的联系,强化实验技能,提升学生的创新思维和综合能力.此外,本实验的开展还可以帮助学生了解储能领域的科技前沿,激发学生的科研兴趣,培养科研能力.因此,建议将本实验纳入化学及应用化学专业高年级本科生的综合化学实验课程.     

化学专业仪器分析实验的设计与思考

通过改编传统实验,以及设计递进式、平行式、多元式、综合性实验,全方位锻炼学生的实验能力。设计仪器分析实验应重视对化学分析基本功的巩固、兼顾定性与定量分析、注重基础性与实用性的结合。此外,还应考虑培养学生数据处理的能力,教会学生分析方法学,促进学生科研思维的发展。     

指导本科生课外科研实践活动*——“我爱实验室”有感

由南开大学化学学院科技创新协会面向低年级本科生举办的“我爱实验室”活动,旨在拓宽学生的专业知识领域、使学生深入了解科研前沿方向、培养学生科研素养等。基于实验室的研究方向,学生自主调研文献选题、设计实验过程、参与组会沟通、交流并解决实验中遇到的问题。课外科研实践活动的开展不仅提高了学生的实验技能,而且拓宽了学生的知识领域,更重要的是培养和提高学生进行科学研究的素养和能力。     

工科高分子专业的高分子化学与物理实验教学的几点体会

介绍了山东科技大学化学与环境工程学院,在工科高分子专业的高分子化学与物理课程教学中所进行的改革.一方面加强实验环节,在基本实验基础上,开设综合设计性实验,提高学生解决实际问题的动手能力,同时在第二课堂中开展学生课外科技活动,并积极挖掘第三课堂,开展社会实践,增强学生社会适应性,形成了以课堂为主,实验、综合设计、毕业设计和科研相结合的特色创新教育模式,突出了对学生科研、工程等综合能力的培养,取得了阶段性成果.     

高分子材料加工实验一体化建设与实践

为了更好地培养学生的实践能力和科研能力,池州学院化学与材料工程学院对高分子材料加工实验进行整合和改革,从加强基础实验教学、优化实验项目、强化学生主体性及相应的考核机制四个方面入手,对高分子材料专业加工实验进行了一体化项目建设并开展教学实践。强化了学生的实际实验操作技能,提高了教科研项目中学生的参与度,培养了学生的科研能力。基本达到和实现了实验教学改革设定的目标。文章同时总结了在一体化项目教学实践中遇到的一些问题,并提出了教科研相结合的深化改革方向。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.