氯酚类物质测定新方法及其与人血清白蛋白的相互作用

建立了氯酚类物质（CPs）新的检测方法，通过光谱学特征，探讨了CPs与人血清白蛋白（HSA）的结合反应机制。以2，4-二氯苯酚（2，4-DCP）为代表，考察了溶液酸度、试剂用量、反应温度和反应时间等因素对CPs—HSA体系荧光猝灭强度的影响。由Stern—Volmer方程求出2，4-DCP与HSA的猝灭常数（Kq）及反应热力学参数。结果表明，方法线性范围为0．075～0．65mg／L，检出限为0．226μg／L（以2，4-DCP计）。该方法与C18柱固相萃取技术相结合，用于水中CPs的测定，相对标准偏差小于2．9％，加标回收率为96％～106％。对荧光猝灭机理的探讨结果表明，2，4-DCP致HSA内源荧光猝灭以静态猝灭为主。     

苏丹红Ⅰ-人血清白蛋白荧光共振能量转移研究及应用

在25℃、pH 8.2的Tris-HCI缓冲液中,苏丹红I与人血清白蛋白(HSA)之间能产生有效的非辐射能量转移,苏丹红Ⅰ的加入使HSA的荧光猝灭.在此基础上,建立了通过人血清白蛋白共振能量转移荧光猝灭测定苏丹红I的方法,其方法线性范围为0.5～7.5μg/mL,检出限为0.1μg/mL,RSD=0.7%～1.8%,加标回收率为91.9%～109.3%.     

动力学荧光猝灭法测定柠檬酸的研究

在稀H2SO4介质中,柠檬酸活化钒(Ⅴ)催化溴酸钾氧化吡口罗红Y的褪色反应,使其荧光猝灭,建立了动力学荧光猝灭法测定柠檬酸的新方法。反应在沸水浴中进行10min,测定柠檬酸的线性范围为0.1～4.0μg/mL,检出限为6.0×10-8g/L。本法用于饮料中柠檬酸的测定,并进行了加标回收试验,回收率在96%～103%之间。     

催化碘酸钾氧化异硫氰酸荧光素荧光猝灭法测定痕量硒

基于异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)可发射强而稳定的荧光信号,KIO3能氧化FITC而发生荧光猝灭,Se(Ⅳ)使FITC的荧光强烈猝灭,Se(Ⅳ)的含量与ΔF值呈线性关系,建立催化KIO3氧化FITC荧光猝灭法测定痕量硒的新方法.方法的线性范围为0.012～2.000×10-15g Se(Ⅳ)/mL,工作曲线回归方程ΔF=1.18+72.74CSe(Ⅳ)(×10-15g/mL)(n=6,r=0.9997),检出限为2.1×10-18g/mL(n=11).分别对Se(Ⅳ)浓度0.012和2.000×10-15g/mL进行7次测定,RSD依次为2.8%和3.5%.用于实际样品中痕量硒的测定和人体疾病的诊断与预报,结果满意.同时探讨了催化荧光猝灭法测定痕量硒的反应机理.     

动力学分光光度法及荧光光度法测定痕量甲醛

在稀硫酸溶液中,研究了甲醛对催化KClO3氧化丁基罗丹明B褪色及荧光猝灭的动力学条件,建立了测定痕量甲醛的动力学光度及荧光光度分析方法,方法线性范围分别为0.02～0.27μg/mL和0.01～2.45μg/mL,检出限分别为1.2×10-8g/mL和3.8×10-9g/mL。该法灵敏度较高,选择性较好,用于湖水、饮料和漆料中痕量甲醛的测定,结果令人满意。     

卤代荧光素荧光猝灭法测定肾上腺色腙

在pH=6.6 的缓冲介质中, 肾上腺色腙(CBZC)与二氯荧光素(DCF)、二溴荧光素(DBF) 和二碘荧光素(DIF)通过静电引力、芳基堆积作用和范德华力形成摩尔比为2: 1的复合物, 引起上述二卤代荧光素的荧光发生猝灭, 最大猝灭波长分别位于533, 536和560 nm. 其荧光猝灭值(ΔF)在一定范围内与肾上腺色腙浓度成正比, 荧光猝灭反应具有较高的灵敏度, 对CBZC的检出限分别为3.3 ng/mL(CBZC-DCF体系), 5.7 ng/mL(CBZC-DBF体系)和129.6 ng/mL(CBZC-DIF体系). 考察了共存物质的影响、荧光猝灭反应的适宜条件和影响因素, 结果表明, 该方法具有良好的选择性, 可用于CBZC的血药和尿药浓度的快速检测. 从温度的影响、荧光寿命以及Stern-Volmer图判断该反应为静态猝灭反应.     

基于CdTe量子点测定烟酸诺氟沙星的新方法研究

以巯基乙酸修饰的CdTe量子点(QDs)为荧光探针, 考察了不同条件下烟酸诺氟沙星对CdTe QDs荧光的猝灭作用. 发现在磷酸缓冲液中(PBS, pH 7.40, 0.10 mol/L), 其猝灭作用最强, 随后对其猝灭机理进行了讨论. 在此基础上建立了基于荧光猝灭法检测烟酸诺氟沙星含量的新方法, 该方法的线性范围为0.10～90 μg/mL, 线性方程为DF＝26.6206c－20.8273 (μg/mL), 相关系数r为0.997, 检测限(3S/N)为2.50×10^－2 μg/mL. 应用此法检测兽药雏乐宝、烟酸氟哌酸和强效氟哌酸中烟酸诺氟沙星的含量, 百分标示量在93.0%～104.0%范围内变化, 相对标准偏差(RSD)≤4.2%|与常用的紫外分光光度法相比, 该法具有准确度高、灵敏度高且检测范围宽等优势, 显示出潜在的应用前景.     

某些芳香族氨基酸作探针荧光猝灭法测定秋水仙碱

在适当的酸性介质中, 秋水仙碱(COL)能与色氨酸(Trp)、酪氨酸(Tyr)和苯丙氨酸(Phe)等芳香族氨基酸反应并形成结合产物, 此时将引起上述氨基酸的荧光发生猝灭, 最大猝灭波长分别位于350 nm (Trp), 304 nm (Tyr), 284 nm (Phe). 其荧光猝灭值(ΔF)在一定范围内与秋水仙碱成正比. 当用Trp和Tyr作探针时, 荧光猝灭法测定秋水仙碱具有高灵敏度, 其检出限分别为15.1 ng/mL (3.78×10^－8 mol/L)和19.8 ng/mL (4.96×10^－8 mol/L). 文中研究了适宜的反应条件和影响因素, 考察了共存物质的影响, 表明方法有良好的选择性, 可用于秋水仙碱的测定. 文中讨论了复合物的组成、结合力和结合模式. 通过温度的影响以及Stern-Volmer作图, 判断该反应为静态猝灭反应, 它们的结合常数(K)在25 ℃时分别为9.7×10⁶ (COL-Trp), 8.9×10⁶ (COL-Tyr)和6.3×10⁵ (COL-Phe). 其作用力主要是芳基堆集作用和氢键结合作用, 而芳基堆集作用是发生荧光猝灭的主要原因.     

人血清白蛋白荧光猝灭法测定苏丹红Ⅰ

研究了在0.1 mol·L-1 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液(pH 8.2)中,人血清白蛋白(HSA)的荧光性质以及由于苏丹红Ⅰ的存在而使HSA的荧光猝灭现象进行了研究.结果表明:当HSA溶液在280 nm波长激发时,其发射波长为337 nm.当有苏丹红Ⅰ存在时其荧光发射的强度将出现猝灭,而且荧光猝灭程度(△F)与苏丹红Ⅰ的质量浓度在0.5～7.5 mg·L-1(r=0.999 7)之间呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3Sb/k)为0.1 mg·L-1,测定限(10Sb/k)为0.5 mg·L-1,相对标准偏差(m=6,n=11)为0.7%～1.8%,加标回收率为91.9%～109.3%.     

β-1,2,3,4,6-五-O-倍酰-D-葡萄糖与人血清白蛋白的相互作用研究

应用红外光谱和荧光光谱方法研究了人血清白蛋白 (HSA)与 β 1,2 ,3 ,4,6 五 O 倍酰 D 葡萄糖 (PGG)的相互作用 .荧光光谱结果显示 ,PGG在CPGG/CHSA<0 5和 0 5 相似文献   

HEPT类化合物的QSAR研究

为定量结构／活性相关性研究提取了量子化学参数,拓扑指数Am,分子连接性指数^mxt及疏水性常数,同时应用正交变换和最佳变量子集算法（Leaps-and-Bonds)进行了变量压缩和选择,进而实施了多元回归分析,并由此结果进行了HEPT类化合物（1－[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)-thymine derivatives)的结构／活性关系的理论解释,进行了人工神经网络法对于该类化合物的活性预测,其结构明显好于多元回归法。     

From the Micro- to the Macro-: Managing the Conservation of the Warship,Vasa

Sweden's famous warship, Vasa, sank on her maiden voyage in August 1628, and remained on the bottom of Stockholm harbour for 333 years. Raised in 1961, she became the first large-scale wooden object to be treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG). In the summer of 2000 a number of acidic salt precipitations were noticed on the surface of the ship and on wooden artefacts in the storerooms. An international research project has been established to look into the causes of this problem and suggest possible re-treatments. Meanwhile projects are underway to monitor movements in the ship, to build a better support system, and to replace the thousands of iron bolts holding the structure together, while a sophisticated new climate system has recently been installed in the museum.     

液滴荧光传感与计算机联用技术在微量分析中的应用

通过在LS55型荧光-磷光-发光分光光度计上加装液滴产生及调节附件,采用计算机采集与分析处理数据,成功地研制了双通道液滴光化学传感装置.利用葡聚糖凝胶对复合维生素B中不同组分的选择性吸附来达到分离与同时检测的目的,并将其用于复合维生素B药片的分析,取得了满意的结果.     

On the scaling of the interface energy of the liquid clusters in the disordered nanoporous medium

Similarity of the extrusion curves of non-wetting liquid in a nanoporous medium with different initial fill volume fractions is observed experimentally. The similarity can be explained by the scaling of the interface energy and the self-similarity of the infinite percolation cluster of fluid-filled pores. Understanding the physical processes leading to the observed phenomena is a foundation for the development of high-performance devices for damping and energy storage on the basis of such heterogeneous systems.     

光亮剂对银电沉积行为的影响

用电势阶跃法和旋转圆盘电极法 (RDE)以及SEM和XRD测试手段 ,初步研究了光亮剂对氰化体系中银电沉积行为的影响 .研究表明 ,光亮剂的加入并未导致银电沉积成核机理的改变 ,但显著增强了镀液的微观平整效应 ,并且所得镀层的表观光滑程度明显改善 .XRD测试亦同时表明光亮剂的加入并未改变镀层的择优取向     

Influence of the Position of the Connecting Spacer of the Chromophore on the Nonlinear Optical Response

A new chromophore, C1 , based on a similar DπA‐structure as in the FTC ‐chromophore but with a hydroxyalkyl spacer perpendicular to the direction of the dipole moment was synthesized. Both chromophores and the CLD ‐chromophore were used to prepare high T_g nonlinear optical vinyl polymers. The influence of the position of the spacer on the DπA‐system on the NLO response of the resulting polymers was investigated.

     

On the dependence of the critical supersaturation on the initial undersaturation in the reverse Wilson chamber

The dependence of the critical supersaturation on the degree of the initial undersaturation has been analyzed in detail.This dependence is explained by means of the Richarch-Powell equation, taking into account the dependence of the -ratio upon the partial pressures of the inert gas and the liquid under investigation.     

On the quality of the hardness kernel and the Fukui function to evaluate the global hardness

An approximated hardness kernel, which includes the second derivative with respect to the density of the kinetic energy, the electron-electron coulomb repulsion, and the exchange density functionals, has been tested for the calculation of the global hardness. The results obtained for a series of 40 cations and neutral systems and 16 anions represent in most cases an improvement of the results obtained using the HOMO-LUMO gap approach and indicate the viability of this approach to evaluate global hardness. In addition, the relevance of the Fukui function approximation and the role of the three components of the hardness kernel in the evaluation of the global hardness have been analyzed.     

On bridging the gap between the INDO and the NDDO schemes

A series of approximate LCAO-SCF methods intermediate between the INDO and the NDDO schemes is proposed. The suggestion is based upon the decomposition of integrals in multipole-multipole type interactions.