生物样本中丙二醛测定方法的研究进展

综述了生物样本(主要包括生物体液、尿液、动物组织)中丙二醛的测定方法,主要包括紫外-可见分光光度法、荧光光谱法、高效液相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱法、酶联免疫吸附法和拉曼光谱法等,并对生物样本中丙二醛的测定方法进行了展望(引用文献36篇)。     

现代分析技术在罂粟碱检测中的应用

综述了近年来光谱(包括分光光度法、荧光分析法、化学发光法、红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法)、色谱(包括薄层色谱法、气相色谱法、液相色谱法)、质谱(包括气相色谱-质谱法、液相色谱-质谱法)、电化学、免疫等现代分析技术在罂粟碱检测中的应用,并对其发展趋势进行了展望(引用文献93篇)。     

印章印文的鉴定方法

对印章印文的鉴定方法进行了综述,内容包括显微镜观察印文特征、计算机辅助人工比对、印油的渗散程度测定和仪器分析方法(包括紫外-可见导数光谱法、荧光光谱法、红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法、薄层色谱法、液相色谱法、气相色谱法和质谱法)等(引用文献64篇)。     

环境样品中硝基苯类化合物的分析方法研究进展

主要介绍了我国近年来在环境样品中硝基苯类化合物的分析研究进展,内容包括:光度法(还原-偶氮光度法、阻抑动力学光度法、化学计量学分光光度法、人工神经网络-分光光度法)、气相色谱法(固相微萃取-毛细管气相色谱法、树脂吸附-气相色谱法、液-液微萃取气相色谱法、超声萃取-气相色谱法)、高效液相色谱法(反相高效液相色谱法、固相萃取-高效液相色谱法)和极谱法等分析方法。     

非离子表面活性剂测定方法的研究进展

综述了非离子表面活性剂测定方法(包括色谱法、质谱法、液相色谱-质谱法、气相色谱-质谱法、电化学法、红外光谱法、化学发光法和分光光度法等)的研究进展(引用文献82篇)。     

单糖和二糖的定量分析的研究进展

综述了单糖和二糖的常用定量分析方法,如重量法、滴定法、旋光法、比色法,薄层扫描法、近红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法、气相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱联用法、液相色谱法、液相色谱-质谱联用法、离子色谱法和毛细管电泳法等,详细介绍了各方法的特点、应用及最新研究进展,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

显微激光拉曼光谱法鉴别红色签字笔种类的研究

目前,字迹的书写时间的鉴定已成为法庭科学中亟待解决的热点问题.区分书写材料的种类是其中关键的一个步骤.分析方法主要有紫外可见分光光度法、漫反射傅立叶变换红外光谱法[1]、薄层色谱法[2]、气相色谱法[3]、液相色谱法[4]、毛细管电泳法[5]、拉曼光谱法等.显微激光拉曼光谱技术是一种较新的、可靠的检测技术,可非破坏性进行物质鉴定、分子结构分析等方面的研究.目前,发达国家已将该项技术应用于法庭科学中.但有关激光拉曼光谱研究笔迹书写材料鉴定的文献并不多见[6],对于红色签字笔的研究更是鲜有报道,本研究利用激光拉曼光谱仪对红色签字笔字迹进行无损检验,为鉴别红色墨水材料提供了科学依据.     

动植物油脂物证的分析方法进展

综述了1990-2013年间在司法鉴定中常见动植物油脂分析方法的研究进展。主要包括两个方面:1前处理方法有酸催化甲酯法、无机碱催化甲酯化法和有机碱催化甲酯化法等;2测定方法有分子荧光光谱法、红外光谱法、气相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱法和化学计量法等。同时对此领域的前景也作了简要展望(引用文献45篇)。     

水生生物中砷的提取和形态分析的研究进展

综述了水生生物中不同形态砷(包括无机砷、甲基砷、砷甜菜碱、砷胆碱、砷糖、砷脂)的提取方法、分离方法(包括气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法等)和检测方法(包括原子吸收光谱法、原子发射光谱法、原子荧光光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法等)的研究进展,并对其前景进行了简要展望(引用文献74篇)。     

水体中合成麝香检测方法的研究进展

合成麝香被广泛应用于个人护理产品和生活用品中,在环境中的污染程度呈逐年上升的趋势,准确测定环境中合成麝香的含量具有重要意义。综述了水体中合成麝香的前处理方法(包括固相萃取法、固相微萃取法、液液萃取法、液液微萃取法、索氏提取法、超声辅助提取法、加速溶剂萃取法和QuEChERS等)和仪器分析方法(包括气相色谱-质谱法、气相色谱-串联质谱法、高效液相色谱法、液相色谱-串联质谱法和新型荧光光谱法等),并对相关研究领域的发展趋势进行了展望(引用文献52篇)。     

食品中硒检测技术研究进展

对测定食品中微量元素硒的前处理方法(干法、湿法、微波消解法等)和检测方法(原子光谱法、分子光谱法、色谱法、电化学法等)的现状(主要在1990～2010年间发表的文献)及相关的原理和方法的特点之处作了综述(引用文献20篇)。     

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of oxytetracycline by near-infrared spectroscopy

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, in combination with chemometrics, enable the analysis of raw materials without time-consuming sample preparation methods. The aim of our work was to estimate critical parameters in the analytical specification of oxytetracycline, and consequently the development of a method for quantification and qualification of these parameters by NIR spectroscopy. A Karl Fischer (K.F.) titration to determine the water content, a colorimetric assay method, and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to identify the oxytetracycline base, were used as reference methods, respectively. Multivariate calibration was performed on NIR spectral data using principal component analysis (PCA), partial least-squares (PLS 1) and principal component regression (PCR) chemometric methods. Multivariate calibration models for NIR spectroscopy have been developed. Using PCA and the Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) approach, we established the cluster model for the determination of sample identity. PLS 1 and PCR regression methods were applied to develop the calibration models for the determination of water content and the assay of the oxytetracycline base. Comparing the PLS and PCR regression methods we found out that the PLS is better established by NIR, especially as the spectroscopic data (NIR spectra) are highly collinear and there are many wavelengths due to non-selective wavelengths. The calibration models for NIR spectroscopy are convenient alternatives to the colorimetric method and to the K.F. method, as well as to FT-IR spectroscopy, in the routine control of incoming material.     

Identification of transgenic foods using NIR spectroscopy: A review

The utilization of chemometric methods in the quantitative and qualitative analysis of feeds, foods, medicine and so on has been accompanied with the great evolution in the progress and in the near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Hence, recently the application of NIR spectroscopy has extended on the context of genetics and transgenic products. The aim of this review was to investigate the application of NIR spectroscopy to identificate transgenic products and to compare it with the traditional methods. The results of copious researches showed that the application of NIRS technology was successful to distinguish transgenic foods and it has advantages such as fast, avoiding time-consuming, non-destructive and low cost in relation to the antecedent methods such as PCR and ELISA.     

Monitoring of the Sol-Gel Synthesis of Organic-inorganic Hybrids by FTIR Transmission,FTIR/ATR,NIR and Raman Spectroscopy

Summary: The sol-gel synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrids based on triethoxysilane- terminated poly(ethylene oxide) and tetraethylorthosilicate was monitored in-situ using three spectroscopic methods (FTIR/ATR, Raman, NIR). These spectroscopic methods allow in-situ monitoring of the evolution of hybrid materials starting from the modification of the polymer and the early steps of hydrolysis up to the network formation. By application of ²⁹Si solid-state NMR spectroscopy the assignment and quantification of the Raman bands to different end groups and different cross-linking states was made. The sol-gel reaction was also followed by in-line NIR spectroscopy. A multivariate data analysis was accomplished to obtain a conversion-time curve. Furthermore, we investigated spin-coated films on wafers using FTIR transmission spectroscopy.     

Discrimination of herbal medicines by molecular spectroscopy and chemical pattern recognition

The molecular spectroscopy (including near infrared diffuse reflection spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy) with OPUS/Ident software was applied to clustering ginsengs according to species and processing methods. The results demonstrate that molecular spectroscopic analysis could provide a rapid, nondestructive and reliable method for identification of Chinese traditional medicine. It's found that the result of Raman spectroscopic analysis was the best one among these three methods. Comparing with traditional methods, which are laborious and time consuming, the molecular spectroscopic analysis is more effective.     

应用电子圆二色光谱方法确定手性金属配合物的绝对构型

与电子能级跃迁相关的电子圆二色(ECD)光谱因其研究对象宽泛,与涉及振动能级的振动圆二色(VCD)光谱互补,已成为应用于手性立体化学研究的集成手性光谱的主流表征手段。本文概述了确定手性金属配合物绝对构型的三种主要方法,详细介绍了ECD光谱法在确定手性金属配合物绝对构型中的应用,其中着重强调了激子手性方法,并对集成手性光谱学未来的发展趋势做出了展望。     

水体中重金属离子的检测方法研究进展

对应用于水体中重金属离子含量的检测方法如络合滴定法、分光光度法、化学发光法、电化学分析法、色谱法、光谱法和质谱法等得现状(主要在1985～2010年间发表的文献)及相关的原理和方法的特点作了综述(引用文献共61篇)。     

Graphite Oxides: Effects of Permanganate and Chlorate Oxidants on the Oxygen Composition

Research on graphene materials has refocused on graphite oxides (GOs) in recent years. The fabrication of GO is commonly accomplished by using concentrated sulfuric acid in conjunction with: a) fuming nitric acid and KClO₃ oxidant (Staudenmaier); b) concentrated nitric acid and KClO₃ oxidant (Hofmann); c) sodium nitrate for in situ production of nitric acid in the presence of KMnO₄ (Hummers); or d) concentrated phosphoric acid with KMnO₄ (Tour). These methods have been used interchangeably in the graphene community, since the properties of GOs produced by these different methods were assumed as almost similar. In light of the wide applicability of GOs in nanotechnology applications, in which presence of certain oxygen functional groups are specifically important, the qualities and functionalities of the GOs produced by using these four different methods, side‐by‐side, was investigated. The structural characterizations of the GOs would be probed by using high resolution X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Further electrochemical applicability would be evaluated by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry techniques. Our analyses highlighted that the oxidation methods based on permanganate oxidant (Hummers and Tour methods) gave GOs with lower heterogeneous electron‐transfer rates and a higher amount of carbonyl and carboxyl functionalities compared with when using chlorate oxidant (Staudenmaier and Hofmann methods). These observations indicated large disparities between the GOs obtained from different oxidation methods. Such insights would provide fundamental knowledge for fine tuning GO for future applications.     

活性炭表面基团的定性和定量分析

利用过硫酸铵对石油焦基活性炭进行了氧化处理, 并使用元素分析、 傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、 带质谱检测的程序升温脱附(TPD-MS)、 X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和X射线吸收近边结构(XANES)等方法对样品进行了分析和表征, 并对不同表征方法所得结果进行了对比分析. 结果表明, 元素分析所得结果与TPD-MS分析结果较吻合, XPS和XANES分析所得含氧量结果偏小.     

Cavity-Enhanced Saturation Spectroscopy of Molecules with sub-kHz Accuracy

Saturation spectroscopy is frequently used to obtain sub-Doppler measurement of atomic and molecular transitions. Optical resonant cavities can be used to enhance the effective absorption path length, and the laser power inside the cavity as well to saturate very weak ro-vibrational transitions of molecules. Three different cavity-enhanced methods, cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy, cavity ring-down spectroscopy, and noise-immune cavity enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy (NICE-OHMS), were compared by measuring the Lamb dip of a C₂H₂ line at 1.4 μm using a cavity with a finesse of 120000. The center of the line was determined by different cavity-enhanced methods, each giving a sub-kHz (δv/v≈10^-12) statistical uncertainty. The sensitivity and precision of different methods were analyzed and compared. As demonstrated in this study, the NICE-OHMS method is the most sensitive one, but more investigation on the systematic uncertainty is necessary before its application in metrology studies toward a sub-kHz accuracy.