低温堆水样中微量氢的测定

本文以氩载气洗提，气相色谱法测定低温核供热反应堆环路冷却水中的微量氢，可测定氢气最低浓度为０．２０ｍＬ／ＬＨ２Ｏ，在此浓度下，分析１０次的精密度（相对标差）为１０％。     

偶合反应化学发光法测定痕量银的研究

本将Ａｇ（Ⅰ）催化Ｓ２Ｏ＾２－８氧化Ｍｎ（Ⅱ）生成ＭｎＯ＾－４的催化反应与ＬｕｍｉｎｏｌＭｎＯ＾－４－ＯＨ＾－的化学发光反应相偶合，建立起一种新的灵敏测定痕量银的化学发光分析法，在所研究的优化条件下，该法测定银的选择性较好，检测限达到３．２×１０＾－１２ｇ／ｍＬＡｇ线性浓度范围为１．０×１０＾－１１－１．０×１０＾－５ｇ／ｍＬＡｇ，用于水样分析，结果较为满意。     

新—阶导数双峰光谱法解析及应用──测定NO_3~－和NO_2~－

本文通过对ＮＯ３－和ＮＯ２－的一阶导数光谱研究，提出利用它们各自导致光谱峰值的两种解析方法测定相互干扰的两组份含量，由于利用尽可能最大信息量和导数谱的特有功能，使测定ＮＯ３－和ＮＯ２－灵敏度分别为０．００５μｇ／ｍＬ、０．００９μｇ／ｍＬ（峰高－截矩比ｆ校正系数法）及０．００４μｇ／ｍｌ、０．００６μｇ／ｍＬ（双峰ｋ系组合导致法），线性范围皆为０～１．０μｇ／ｍＬ方法用于水样分析，结果令人满意。     

利用微波消解和高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定环境水样中痕量硒

基于微波消解和正相液相色谱－荧光检测测硒法,实现了对环境水样中亚纳克级硒的测定。考察了ＨＮＯ３和Ｈ２ＳＯ４－Ｈ２Ｏ２两种消化体系及其工作条件,方法检出限分别可达 ７．２和 １０．４ ｐｇ Ｓｅ,对标准参考物质的回收率分别为９９．４±２．０和９７．８±２．５％,在０～１．５ｎｇＳｅ范围内有线性关系（Ｒ２＜０．９９６）。对北京地区 ４种不同类型水体水样含硒量进行了分析测定（２ｍＬ样品）,其浓度范围为 ０．２０～０．９０μｇ／Ｌ,标准加入回收率为９９．１％～１０３．４％。     

偏最小二乘催化极谱法同时测定铂,钯,铑

应用Ｍ２７３Ａ电化学系统中的线性扫描技术，确定了０．７５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４－１．５％ＮＨ４Ｃｌ－２．８ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ＣＨ２）６Ｎ４－０．００２５％Ｎ２Ｈ４．Ｈ２ＳＯ４为偏最小二乘极谱法同时测定Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ、Ｒｈ的最佳极谱体系。Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ、Ｒｈ的线性范围为３．２ｍｇ／Ｌ、０－１５．０ｍｇ／Ｌ和０－１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ。模拟样品及实际样品的回收率在９０．３－１０７．７％之间。     

NaIO4-肾上腺色腙体系化学发光法测定肾上腺色腙

利用ＮａＩＯ４－Ｈ＾＋－Ｈ２Ｏ２－肾上腺色腙化学发光体系,结合流动注射技术建立了一种测定肾上腺色腙的化学发光新方法。方法的线性范围为８．０＊１０＾－９－１．０＊１０＾－６ｇ／ｍＬ肾上腺色腙,检出限为２．７＊１０＾－９ｇ／ｍＬ,相对标准偏差为０．９７％。     

催化显色反应测定痕量铜

在催化显色体系中引入合适的活化剂能显著地提高其反应灵敏度,通过实验,我们观察到,乙醇对Ｃｕ－邻苯二酚－Ｈ２Ｏ２的催化显色反应有明显的活化增敏作用。研究了该体系的实验条件,并成功应用于食品和发样中痕量铜的测定。１　试剂与仪器７２３０型分光光度计;ｐＨＳ－２型酸度计。铜（Ⅱ）标准贮备液浓度１ｍｇ／ｍＬ,工作液稀释为１μｇ／ｍＬ;邻苯二酚溶液０．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ;３０％Ｈ２Ｏ２溶液、ｐＨ５．５,ＨＡｃ－ＮＨ４Ａｃ缓冲溶液。试剂均为分析纯,水为去离子水。２　实验方法在２５ｍＬ比色管中分别加入２．５ｍＬ的邻苯…     

二溴羟基苯基荧光酮荧光猝灭法测定Br^—

本文报道了以二溴羟基苯基荧光酮（ＤＢＨ－ＰＦ）为指示剂，在阳离子表活性剂ＣＰＣ存在下荧光猝灭间接测定Ｂｒ＾－的新方法。在０．６ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４介质中，Ｂｒ＾－和ＢｒＯ３＾－反应生成Ｂｒ２，Ｂｒ２与ＤＢＨ－ＰＦ（λｅｍ＝５２０ｎｍ）生成红色化合物，使体荧光猝灭。Ｂｒ＾－含量在０．２５－６．２５μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内有良好的线性关系，检测限为０．２５μｇ／２５ｍＬ。该法灵敏度高，选择性好，用于合成海     

催化动力学光度法测定痕量钒(Ⅴ)的研究

研究了在ｐＨ９．２的硼砂介质中，痕量钒（Ⅴ）催化Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化桑色素褪色反应体系的新催化光度法。测量范围为０～７．５μｇ／５０ｍＬ加标回收率为９５％～９８．５％，测定２μｇ钒（Ⅴ），ＲＳＤ为１．６８％，用于水样中痕量钒（Ⅴ）的测定。     

精氨酸在苯甲醛存在下的吸附溶出伏安法研究

在０．２ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＯＨ－０．０４ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ３ＰＯ４－０．０２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４－０．０４ｍｏｌ／ＬＣＨ３ＣＯＯＨ溶液中，精氨酸（Ａｒｇ）在苯甲醛存在下产生一灵敏的吸附波。实验证明电活性物质为α－苯亚甲基精氨酸，其电极反应机理是分子内α－＞Ｃ＝Ｎ基团被还原为亚胺。用该吸附波可在１×１０（－３）～２×１０（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内分析蛋白质中的Ａｒｇ。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

化学计量中不确定度评定研究进展

测量不确定度是表征合理地赋予被测量之值的分散性的参数。本文针对化学计量不确定度评定基础模型仅适用于线性模型、概率分布为正态分布或缩放位移t分布等局限,介绍了近年来不确定度评定的研究热点:蒙特卡罗方法(Monte Carlo Method,MCM),不确定度评定的来源、评定概念、评估方法及其发展过程,扩大了测量不确定度评定与表示的适用范围。     

微量钙的测定方法研究进展

介绍了1995-2006年期间测定微量和痕量钙的方法,如电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法以及离子色谱法等的工作原理和特点,并说明了其测定微量钙的应用领域。并对微量钙的测定技术进行了展望(引用文献55篇)。