DNA分子结构的多态性研究 (Ⅱ) 吖啶橙凝聚体变化诱导的质粒DNA大分子构象的研究

利用吸收光谱和荧光光谱方法,研究了吖啶橙（ＡＯ）与质粒ＤＮＡ水溶液、以及含胶束介质的吖啶橙与质粒ＤＮＡ溶液体系的相互结合作用及减色效应。结果表明：吖啶橙对质粒ＤＮＡ的吸收光谱有减色效应;含十二烷基硫酸钠（ＳＤＳ）的ＡＯ水溶液体系中,随着ＳＤＳ浓度的增加,其光谱结果表现为由凝聚态向单体的转化。而在含十二烷基硫酸钠（ＳＤＳ）的ＡＯ与质粒ＤＮＡ溶液体系中,吖啶橙凝聚态随ＳＤＳ浓度的增加,对ＡＯ与质粒ＤＮＡ相互结合产生协同的减色效应,使质粒ＤＮＡ空间结构发生缩拢。进一步采用电泳法研究了ＡＯ凝聚态可能对质粒ＤＮＡ构象的影响,结果表明：在ＡＯ与质粒ＤＮＡ溶液体系中,ＡＯ浓度的增加对质粒ＤＮＡ构象未产生影响;而在含有ＳＤＳ的ＡＯ与质粒ＤＮＡ的溶液体系中,由于ＳＤＳ对ＡＯ凝聚态的解聚作用,以及ＳＤＳ对质粒ＤＮＡ减色效应的协同作用,使得质粒ＤＮＡ的构象发生变化,诱导质粒ＤＮＡ形成超螺旋构象     

二氯二乙基锡与DNA作用的研究

利用循环伏安、紫外光谱和粘度测定等手段,对二氯二乙基锡[Et₂SnCl₂]与DNA的作用机制进行了研究.结果明,Et₂SnCl₂主要作用于DNA的骨架磷酸基团,使DNA构象收缩,相对粘度增加,产生减色效应,始终未观察到增色效应.提出了Et₂SnCl₂对DNA可能的作用机制模型.     

用紫外光谱和荧光光谱研究三丁基锡化合物与脱氧核糖核酸的相互作用

用紫外光谱和荧光光谱研究了三丁基锡(TBT)化合物与脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的相互作用。结果表明,在不同条件下,TBT既作用于DNA的磷酸基团,使DNA构象发生变化;又作用于DNA的碱基基团,对DNA双螺旋结构有一定影响。而且,TBT与DNA作用时间越长,则减色越明显。还考察了TBT和磷酸根浓度,以及溶液pH值对TBT与DNA作用的影响。     

DNA与非离子糖基表面活性剂相互作用的研究

用动态表面张力法、键合等温线、紫外光谱及荧光光谱等方法研究了不同链长烷基葡萄糖苷(APG)与DNA的相互作用．研究发现APG对DNA键合可分为两阶段，第一阶段：多苷依靠多羟基结构与DNA形成动力学稳定的复合物；第二阶段：随时间延长，单苷由于其较小的空间位阻而与DNA形成能量更低的热力学稳定复合物．由平衡渗析法得到的单苷与DNA相互作用键合等温线显示，APG与DNA键合为一非协同过程．证实了其非离子氢键吸附的本质，同时也支持了DNA对胶束及预胶束的缠绕模型．紫外光谱结果证明了在APG与DNA作用过程中疏水作用的重要性．以溴化乙锭为探针，荧光光谱法研究证明，随APG链长增加，DNA构象缩拢程度加大，但即使是C2APG也仅能使DNA构象部分缩拢，推测DNA仅是部分链段对APG胶束进行包裹，其它链段仍处于伸展状态．与阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)可使DNA构象强烈缩拢的事实相比，证明了静电作用在大分子与表面活性剂相互作用中的主导性．     

三苯基锡化合物与DNA作用的光谱研究

研究了船体防污漆中主要防污成分-三苯基一氯化锡(TPTC1)与DNA作用的光谱性质.结果表明,TPTCl对DNA的作用是双重的,也就是既可作用于DNA的碱基,对DNA双螺旋结构有一定影响;也可作用于DNA的磷酸基团,使DNA构象发生变化.主要表现在作用时间不同,则作用位点也不同.短时间内,作用位点是DNA的碱基,紫外光谱表现为增色效应;长时间时,作用位点转到了DNA的磷酸基团,紫外光谱表现为减色效应.另外,考察了不同缓冲溶液体系对TPTCl与DNA作用光谱的影响.紫外光谱表明,Tris-HCl和KH2PO4-NaOH体系减弱了TPTCl与DNA的作用,而HAc-NaAc体系则增强了TPTCl与DNA的作用.     

2-氯苯甲醛缩 L-天冬氨酸合铜的合成及与DNA相互作用研究

本文合成了配体2-氯苯甲醛缩L-天冬氨酸钾和2-氯苯甲醛缩L-天冬氨酸合铜金属配合物,对化合物进行了元素分析,红外光谱、热重分析、质谱等测试;在pH=7.2的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,采用循环伏安法、紫外吸收光谱法研究了2-氯苯甲醛缩L-天冬氨酸合铜配合物与DNA相互作用的电子吸收光谱。结果发现铜离子在循环伏安图上呈现一对准可逆氧化还原峰。当加入DNA后,配合物的氧化峰电流明显降低,电子光谱的最大吸收峰明显红移,产生明显的减色效应,说明配合物与DNA的作用较强,作用模式为插入作用。     

可改变DNA构象的非离子糖基表面活性剂

通过Zeta电位及粒径分析考察发现随着体系中辛基葡萄糖多苷表面活性剂质量 农度的增加，DNA分子在溶液中的构趋于缩拢。通过DNA-C_8APG复合物的UV吸收及 CD谱图进一步考察了DNA二级结构变化。随后的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）照片也证实 DNA分子在水溶液中的构象缩拢。通过表面张力UV图谱分析，推测非离子糖基表面 活性剂与DNA分子复合物结合的可能结构是表面活性剂与DNA之间的疏水作用及 多羟基的糖类的亲水头基结构与DNA带负电的核酸磷酸骨架以氢健的方式结合。     

光谱法研究Ge-132与DNA的作用机理

利用吸收光谱、DNA碱变性曲线、荧光光谱研究了Ge-132与DNA的相互作用。在Ge-132存在下,DNA的紫外吸收光谱产生明显的减色效应。同时,Ge-132的存在使DNA碱变性的pH值增大,变性后增色效应减小,实验结果表明,Ge-132主要是以嵌入方式与DNA结合的。     

多柔比星稀土金属离子配合物与DNA相互作用的研究

用紫外分光光度法和荧光光谱法研究了多柔比星( Adriamycin,ADM)稀土金属离子配合物(ADM-M)与DNA的相互作用.结果发现,在pH=7.0时,ADM与Eu3+、yb3+能形成稳定配合物,该配合物可使DNA的最大吸收产生明显的减色效应及红移,并能够竞争置换溴化乙锭(EB)与DNA的结合点.KI猝灭试验发现D...     

二(2-苯并咪唑亚甲基)胺合铜(II)配合物与DNA作用方式的光谱研究

应用紫外、荧光、黏度等方法, 对二(2-苯并咪唑亚甲基)胺合铜(II)配合物与小牛胸腺DNA作用方式进行了研究. 配合物与DNA作用时, 使紫外吸收明显减色, 荧光降低, 黏度降低; Scatchard图表明配合物对溴化乙锭(EB)与DNA的结合为非竞争性抑制. 实验结果表明, 配合物与DNA作用方式可能为静电结合.     

Conformational changes of DNA molecules in interactions with bioactive compounds. I. Influence of metal ions on the conformation of DNA molecules in solution

The influence of metal ions of different valence on the conformation of DNA molecule in solution has been studied. The influence of concentration and charge of counterions on the volume, persistent length and secondary structure of the macromolecules was analyzed. An assessment of the permeability of DNA coil for the solvent at different values of ionic strength of the solution was made. The state of the DNA molecule in solutions with high ionic strengths, when the presence of certain ions causes sharp changes in optical anisotropy of the macromolecule, is considered in detail.     

EFFECT OF METAL IONS ON THE LUMINESCENCE OF ACRIDINE DYES BOUND TO DNA

Abstract— The luminescence of acridine dyes intercalated in DNA was studied as a function of the concurrent binding of metal ions to DNA, in an effort to deduce specific site interactions of the dyes. Two dyes, proflavine (PF) and acridine orange (AO), and two metal ions, silver and mercuric, were used. Both ions quench the fluorescence of the dyes in aqueous solution at room temperature. The metal ions have a different effect on the fluorescence of these dyes when they are intercalated between the base pairs of DNA. The fluorescence of AO is decreased when silver is bound, while the fluorescence of PF is enhanced. Since Ag⁺ initially binds to GC sites in DNA, which quench the PF fluorescence, it ostensibly 'turns off' the quenching by DNA at these sites, and this effect is greater than the quenching effect of the silver ion itself. Hg²⁺ ion initially binds to AT sites in DNA. Since both dyes fluoresce from AT sites, Hg²⁺ is expected to quench their fluorescence. This behavior is observed at low r (metal ion/base). At higher r values, however, where Hg²⁺ is expected to begin binding to GC sites, the fluorescence of PF is enhanced. These quenching turn-off effects are tentatively interpreted in terms of a change in the structure of the dye/DNA complex which occurs when a metal ion binds at the intercalation site. At 77 K. no fluorescence enhancement is observed when metal ions bind; Ag⁺ quenches the fluorescence and enhances the phosphorescence of both dyes. Qualitatively similar results are obtained with Hg²⁺.     

论络合物中心过渡金属离子的径向波函数

考虑中心对称配体场影响,提出一种不同基混合的束缚态过渡金属离子的3d径向波函数。利用这种波函数,计算了一些Cu⁺⁺络离子的晶场谱。假设适当的边界条件,用一个拟合参数,就能得到和实验一致的结果。这种方法的实质在于,在晶体场静止点荷模型基础上,考虑了诸配体等效中心对称场的部份分子轨道效应。这种混合基单电子3d径向波函数也能用于完全的分子轨道理论计算。     

Functional Monomers and Polymers. CXXXVI. Effect of Metal Ions on the Interaction of Synthetic Nucleic Acid Analogs

The effect of metal ions on the conformation of thymine-containing poly-D-lysine was studied by CD spectra in aqueous solution. Of the metal ions studied, only copper(II) ion affected the conformation of nucleic acid analogs. Copper(II) ion also affected the specifically interacting system made up of thymine-containing poly-D-lysine and polyadenylic acid.     

Metal ion interaction with dimethyl phosphate anion

The influence of metal ions on the conformation of dimethyl phosphate anion around its O-P bonds, has been studied theoretically. The perturbation caused due to metal ions like Na⁺ and Mg²⁺ seems to affect the free dimethyl phosphate anion conformation to a considerable extent. In particular, the fully extended conformation becomes much more favourable in the metal ion dimethyl phosphate complex.     

The effect of metal ions with different valences on the retardation of soil-bentonite barrier materials and its mechanism

In this paper, with K＋, Ca2＋ and Fe3＋ as the objects of study, retardation of soil-bentonite （SB） barrier materials for metal ions with different valences is investigated, and the adsorption mechanism, migration patterns and permeation behavior are explored so as to provide a theoretical basis for their application. The results show that the adsorption process for metal ions with different valences by SB barrier materials is fast, and the higher the valence, the greater the adsorption capacity. The fitting of the adsorption process conforms to pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics and Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption equation, which explains that chemical adsorption is the dominating state and that the SB surface has certain heterogeneity. The permeability coefficient of K＋, Ca2＋ and Fe3＋ in SB each has a maximum and the higher the valence, the sooner the maximum appears. Also the higher the valence, the more obvious the effect on SB retardation performance; and the sooner the ion breaks through the barrier wall completely, that is, the wall＇s retardation performance for higher valent ions may decline.     

金属离子导致的丝素蛋白的构象转变

蚕丝和蜘蛛丝的优异力学性能一直是科学家们关注的课题^[1-3]。近年来,在蚕丝蛋白结构及其构象方面的研究取得了许多进展^[3-5]。在蚕的腺体中丝素蛋白的构象为silk I（主要是无规线团为主,还有少量的β－转角,α螺旋等）,而在纤维状的丝中为silk Ⅱ（主要是β折叠）。金属离子在蚕叶丝过程中的作用也一直是一个人们关心的问题。Chen等^[6]在研究丝胶（包附在丝素蛋白表层的另外一种蛋白）时发现,在一定pH条件下,Ni^2 离子通过四配位的螯合作用诱导丝素蛋白β折叠的形成。并且,Viney等^[7]根据电感耦合等离子体（ICP－MS）技术推测Ca^2 的增加能使β折叠的形成加速。     

DNA-cation interactions: quo vadis?

The interactions between double helical DNA and cations, specifically mono- and divalent metal ions, have recently received increased attention. Molecular dynamics simulations, solution NMR, and X-ray crystallography have all shed light on the coordination of ions in the major and minor grooves of DNA. Metal ion interactions may play key roles in the control of DNA conformation and topology, but despite progress in locating the ions and determining their precise binding modes, it remains difficult to figure out just how important ions really are. What have we learned and what remains to be done?     

Influence of Mg2+ and Cd2+ on the interaction between sparfloxacin and calf thymus DNA

Mg(2+) and Cd(2+) have different binding capacity to sparfloxacin, and have different combination modes with calf thymus DNA. Selecting these two different metal ions, the influence of them on the binding constants between SPFX and calf thymus DNA, as well as the related mechanism have been studied by using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The result shows that Cd(2+) has weak binding capacity to SPFX in the SPFX-Cd(2+) binary system, but can decrease the binding between SPFX and DNA obviously in SPFX-DNA-Cd(2+) ternary system. Mg(2+) has strong binding capacity to SPFX. It can increase the binding between SPFX and DNA at concentrations <0.01 mM, and decrease the binding between them at concentrations >0.01 mM. Referring to the different modes of Mg(2+) and Cd(2+) binding to DNA, the mechanism of the influence of metal ions on the binding between SPFX and DNA has been proposed. SPFX can directly bind to DNA by chelating DNA base sites. If a metal ion at certain concentration mainly binds to DNA bases, it can decrease the binding constants between SPFX and DNA through competing with SPFX. While if a metal ion at certain concentration mainly binds to phosphate groups of DNA, it can increase the binding constants by building a bridge between SPFX and DNA. The influence direction of metal ions on the binding between quinolone and DNA relays on their binding ratio of affinity for bases to phosphate groups on DNA. Our result supports Palumbo's conclusion that the binding between SPFX and the phosphate groups is the precondition for the combination between SPFX and DNA, which is stabilized through stacking interactions between the condensed rings of SPFX and DNA bases.     

An Ab Initio MO Study on Orbital Interaction and Charge Distribution in Alkali Metal Aqueous Solution: Li+, Na+, and K+

The analysis of the orbital interaction between an alkali metal ion and the surrounding solvent molecules is performed for aqueous solutions of Li⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺, by means of the ab initio MO method with the aid of the quantum mechanical (QM)/molecular mechanics (MM) method. A total of 171 water molecules are included for each system. The effect of Li⁺ orbitals reaches as far as 6 Å 7 Å for Na⁺; and 9 Å for K⁺. This effect is caused by the orbital interactions between the valence orbitals of an alkali metal ion and of the surrounding water molecules. The electrostatic interaction and the orbital interaction must not be neglected. The difference in the effect between the alkali metal ions originates from the difference in the valence orbital extensions of the alkali metal ions.