CuO/TiO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂表征及对NO+CO反应性能研究

采用色谱-微反流动法反应装置考察了w%CuO/15%TiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂对NO+CO的反应活性;催化剂经空气氛或氢气氛预处理后,NO转化率达100%的反应温度分别是325和275 ℃;XRD仅能检测到γ-Al₂O₃晶相,负载15%CuO后可以检测到微弱的CuO晶相;H₂-TPR能检测到2个CuO的还原峰(α和β峰),将其归属于高度分散的CuO分别在裸露的γ-Al₂O₃和TiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃载体上的还原;原位红外分析结果表明催化剂经空气氛或氢气氛预处理后,吸附NO+CO反应气后,反应的中间产物N₂O出现的温度分别为200和150 ℃。     

斜发沸石的合成研究

采用水热法，分别在物质量的比为2.1Na₂O∶10SiO₂∶Al₂O₃∶110.1H₂O和1.05K₂O∶1.05Na₂O:12SiO₂∶Al₂O₃∶250H₂O的条件下合成出较高纯度斜发沸石，研究了斜发沸石合成的各种影响因素。结果表明，在140、160和180 ℃条件下均能合成出斜发沸石，且提高温度可以缩短斜发沸石的晶化时间；反应混合物的硅铝物质量的比应控制在10～12之间；碱度的降低会导致晶化时间延长，过高的碱度则导致晶种溶解；反应混合物中K⁺的存在利于斜发沸石的晶化。合成斜发沸石对海水中K⁺饱和吸附量达 38.60 mg·g^-1以上，其吸附性能显著优于文献报导的天然斜发沸石。     

硅源量和晶化时间对SAPO-34分子筛结构和性能的影响

以吗啡啉为模板剂合成了SAPO-34分子筛，研究了晶化液SiO₂/Al₂O₃比(硅源量)的影响。当SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ≥ 0.6时，能合成出纯净的SAPO-34分子筛;SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.0时，分子筛骨架中出现“硅岛”结构，此时合成的分子筛样品具有最高的(乙烯+丙烯)选择性。继续增大硅铝比对(乙烯+丙烯     

晶种导向下干胶法合成ZSM-5分子筛

以廉价水玻璃为硅源,在晶种替代有机模板剂的条件下采用干胶法合成了ZSM-5分子筛。利用XRD、SEM、TEM、FTIR、N₂吸附-脱附和NH₃-TPD等分析方法对合成样品进行了表征和测试,考察了合成条件对ZSM-5分子筛晶化过程的影响。结果表明,在硅铝比（n/n）为30~70,钠硅比（n/n）为0.12~0.20时都可以得到结晶度良好的ZSM-5分子筛。研究发现,干胶法合成ZSM-5,在不引入外加水的情况下也可以得到ZSM-5样品,外加水的引入能够有效地提高晶化速率;与水热法合成ZSM-5分子筛相比,干胶法可以显著地缩短晶化时间,同时,合成样品的晶体尺寸也有所减小。     

间歇式水热合成制备丝光沸石膜及其异丙醇脱水应用

采用市售廉价大孔α-Al₂O₃管作为基质材料，通过热浸渍法在管外表面涂敷晶种，随后在无模板剂体系下，利用新型的间歇式水热合成法制备丝光沸石膜。对比了传统加热和间歇式加热对丝光沸石膜形貌、结构及渗透蒸发异丙醇脱水分离性能的差异。考察了合成液中Na₂O/SiO₂、SiO₂/Al₂O₃和NaF/SiO₂物质的量之比在间歇式水热合成下对丝光沸石膜的影响。研究结果表明，当合成液中Na₂O/SiO₂、SiO₂/Al₂O₃和NaF/SiO₂物质的量之比分别为0.24、16.7和0.25时，制备的丝光沸石膜渗透蒸发异丙醇脱水分离性能最佳，在75℃下，对异丙醇/水(9∶1，w/w)的渗透通量达5.60 kg·m^-2·h^-1，水对异丙醇的分离因数大于10 000。     

Al2O3催化剂结构对催化臭氧化活性的影响

以Al₂O₃为催化剂催化臭氧化处理邻苯二甲酸二甲酯. 通过XRD、比表面积、孔结构、FTIR和活性评价等方法对催化剂的物化性质及催化活性进行了研究, 考察了焙烧温度、成型粒径对催化剂活性的影响. 结果表明, Al₂O₃催化剂对臭氧化降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯具有很高的催化活性, 反应120 min后, 总有机碳(TOC)的去除率从单独臭氧氧化的23.9%提高到55.1%; 焙烧温度对催化剂的活性具有很大的影响, 600 ℃催化剂催化活性最高; 随着焙烧温度的升高, Al₂O₃晶型经历了从γ-Al₂O₃到θ-Al₂O₃到α-Al₂O₃的转变, 催化剂的比表面积、焙烧得到的孔容逐渐变小, 晶体粒径变大, 表面•OH数量减少, 催化活性下降. Al₂O₃成型粒径的减小, 提高了催化剂的外比表面积, 减小了内部传质扩散的影响, 从而提高了催化活性.     

无模板剂二次生长法制备取向MFI型分子筛膜

使用旋涂法在多孔α-Al₂O₃载体上获得了b-&h0h-取向的silicalite-1晶种层。在无模板剂存在条件下进行二次生长,通过改变合成液的碱度(OH^-/Si)、水量(H₂O/Si)和晶化温度等,调节膜表面的形貌和晶体取向。SEM和XRD检测结果表明,对于1SiO₂:4EtOH∶xNaOH∶yH₂O合成体系,x与y值的选取与分子筛膜的形貌和晶体取向紧密相关。当x=0.56时,增加y值将促进分子筛膜从随机取向到b-轴取向的转变,晶粒形貌也发生了较大变化;当y=270时,可以得到厚约为4 μm、连续且择优b-轴取向的MFI型分子筛膜。     

Ni2+在γ-Al2O3上的分散状态及负载型Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂的α-蒎烯加氢活性

用X-射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫散射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、程序升温还原(TPR)、CO化学吸附和微反测试等方法研究了Ni²⁺在γ-Al₂O₃上的分散状态和负载型Ni/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂的α-蒎烯加氢催化活性。结果表明，当Ni²⁺负载量远低于其在γ-Al₂O₃载体表面分散容量时，Ni²⁺优先嵌入载体表面四面体空位，随着Ni²⁺负载量的增加，嵌入载体表面八面体空位Ni²⁺的比例增大。由于八面体Ni²⁺易被还原为金属态Ni⁰，NiO/γ-Al₂O₃样品的还原度随Ni²⁺负载量的增加而大幅度地增加，经氢还原所得Ni/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂的CO吸附量和α-蒎烯加氢催化活性大幅度增加。对La₂O₃助剂的作用进行了研究，结果表明分散在γ-Al₂O₃上的La³⁺物种可阻止Ni²⁺嵌入γ-Al₂O₃表面四面体空位，增大了八面体Ni²⁺物种所占比例，提高了催化剂的还原度，故Ni-La₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂催化活性高于Ni/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂。     

Al2O3催化剂结构对催化臭氧化活性的影响

以Al₂O₃为催化剂催化臭氧化处理邻苯二甲酸二甲酯. 通过XRD、比表面积、孔结构、FTIR和活性评价等方法对催化剂的物化性质及催化活性进行了研究, 考察了焙烧温度、成型粒径对催化剂活性的影响. 结果表明, Al₂O₃催化剂对臭氧化降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯具有很高的催化活性, 反应120 min后, 总有机碳(TOC)的去除率从单独臭氧氧化的23.9%提高到55.1%; 焙烧温度对催化剂的活性具有很大的影响, 600 ℃催化剂催化活性最高; 随着焙烧温度的升高, Al₂O₃晶型经历了从γ-Al₂O₃到θ-Al₂O₃到α-Al₂O₃的转变, 催化剂的比表面积、焙烧得到的孔容逐渐变小, 晶体粒径变大, 表面•OH数量减少, 催化活性下降. Al₂O₃成型粒径的减小, 提高了催化剂的外比表面积, 减小了内部传质扩散的影响, 从而提高了催化活性.     

二丙胺的结构微调对磷酸铝分子筛晶化过程影响的凝胶组成依赖性

以二丙胺异构体（二正丙胺DPA和二异丙胺D-iPA）为结构导向剂,在200℃加热2组反应原料物质的量之比不同的初始凝胶,合成出了高结晶度的磷酸铝分子筛AlPO₄-11。利用X射线粉末衍射分析、元素分析等表征手段,研究了凝胶的晶化过程和液相的pH值以及Al和P的浓度演化。初始凝胶各组分物质的量之比为n_Al2O3：n_P2O5：n_DPA/D-iPA：n_H2O2=1.0：1.0：1.2：75时,以DPA为结构导向剂,晶化过程中无中间相生成,而以D-iPA为结构导向剂时,晶化过程中生成了具有12元环孔道结构的磷酸铝分子筛AlPO₄-5中间相;初始凝胶各组分物质的量之比为n_Al2O3：n_P2O5：n_DPA/D-iPA：n_H2O2=1.0：1.0：1.0：75时,以DPA为结构导向剂,晶化过程中生成了具有18元环孔道结构的磷酸铝分子筛VPI-5中间相,而以D-iPA为结构导向剂时,晶化过程中同时出现了VPI-5及AlPO₄-5两种中间相。表明对于同一种有机胺,凝胶物质的量之比的改变影响了其结构导向效应。理论计算结果显示质子化的DPA及D-iPA中N原子上的电荷有差异,表明有机胺的结构微调影响其结构导向效应,但该影响依赖于凝胶组成。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.