高比表面积纳米结构Ce0.7Zr0.3O2固溶体的模板组装

介绍了模板剂结构诱导下均相沉淀法组装纳米结构Ce0.7Zr0.3O2工艺方法, CTAB为0.02 mol, Ce(NO3)3 6H2O和Zr(NO3)4 5H2O总量为0.01 mol(Ce∶Zr为7∶3), (NH2)2CO为0.44 mol反应108 h可获得肩峰较宽、较纯的铈锆固溶体晶体相, 颗粒粒径在10～20 nm、孔径在2～4 nm、比表面积达178.57 m2*g-1. 高温焙烧及N2吸附分析表明, 样品具有良好热稳定性及吸附催化活性.     

模板法制备三维有序大孔CeO2

以聚苯乙烯微球(polystyrene microsphere)高速离心组装的胶体晶体为模板,以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O与柠檬酸的螯合物填充模板,经热转化后合成了3DOM CeO2.TG-DTA分析表明加入柠檬酸可提高硝酸铈的热稳定性,规避其低熔点对形成3DOM结构的不利因素.通过SEM观察,制备的3DOM材料大孔六方有序,排列紧凑,孔径250 nm,收缩率约16%.大孔之间由小窗口连通,构成三维交联的孔道体系.XRD测试显示,材料由CeO2的立方晶粒组成,粒径11 nm.     

影响CeO2纳米粉体尺寸的液相反应因素研究

较为系统地论述了沉淀法制备高纯度CeO2纳米粉体过程中影响颗粒团聚的液相工艺参数.实验结果表明, 在如下液相反应条件下制备得到的纳米CeO2平均尺寸小于10 nm; Ce(NO3)4溶液浓度为0.13～0.18 mol*L-1, NH3*H2O浓度为6.8 mol*L-1, 反应温度15～30 ℃, VCe(NO3)4∶VNH3*H2O=1.5∶20～2.5∶20, 分散剂选用乙醇+异丙醇.     

纳米CeO2的形貌控制与表征

以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和(NH4)2CO3为沉淀源,利用柠檬酸作为络合剂和分散剂,实现了对CeO2前驱体的形貌和尺寸控制,并采用TEM,TGA和XRD等方法对前驱体及其热分解所得纳米CeO2的形貌及结晶性等进行了表征.结果表明,随着柠檬酸加入量的提高,前驱体形貌从纳米线向类球形颗粒变化,焙烧生成的纳米CeO2颗粒的形貌具有明显继承性,所得CeO2属于立方萤石结构,且随焙烧温度的提高,晶化程度增大.     

硒钼杂多配合物及其稀土盐的合成及催化苯酚羟化反应的研究

合成了杂多配合物(NH4)6[Se2Mo8O31]·5H2O,在此基础上合成了其稀土盐Ln2[Se2Mo8O31]·xH2O(Ln=La3+,Ce3+,Nd3+,Sm3+),探讨了这些杂多配合物在苯酚羟化反应中的催化作用,发现稀土盐的催化效果低于配合物(NH4)6[Se2Mo8O31]·5H2O的催化效果;在溶剂丙酮中苯酚的转化率大于在乙腈中的转化率。通过正交法研究了反应温度、原料比、反应时间和催化剂用量对苯酚转化率、产品分布和过氧化有效转化率的影响,找到了最佳反应条件,即在苯酚/H2O2(摩尔比)为1,催化剂用量10g·mol-1,反应温度70℃,反应时间4h时,得到苯酚转化率29.65%,产品选择率77.2%。     

焙烧温度对CuO/γ-Al2O3和CeO2-CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂NO还原活性的影响

用浸渍法制备了CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂和CeO2改性的CeO2-CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂,考察了焙烧温度对CuO/γ-Al2O3和CeO2-CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂C3H6还原NO反应活性的影响,以及CeO2的添加量对CeO2-CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂C3H6还原NO反应活性的影响。结果表明,在200 ℃～500 ℃的焙烧温度范围内,焙烧温度对CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂的活性影响很小；在500 ℃～800 ℃的焙烧温度范围内,随着焙烧温度的升高CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂的活性急剧下降,由XRD物相测定结果可知,归因于对反应表现惰性的尖晶石CuAl2O4相的生成。当焙烧温度为500 ℃时,CeO2的添加对CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂的活性影响很小；当焙烧温度为800 ℃时,CeO2的添加对CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂有明显的助催化作用,当Ce和Cu的摩尔比为1∶10时,NO转化率较为理想。     

爆轰法制备球形纳米CeO2粉末

采用爆轰合成的方法,以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O为原料,制得了CeO2纳米粒子. 炸药采用黑索金粉,添加剂为CO(NH2)2,NaNO2. 爆轰产物经水洗,烘干后,利用X射线衍射仪器和高分辨率透射电镜对实验结果进行了分析. XRD结果表明,该法所得到的CeO2为立方晶系,颗粒平均粒度为33 nm. TEM图像显示其颗粒呈球形,颗粒大小主要分布在20～40 nm之间,颗粒具有较好的分散性. 球形纳米CeO2颗粒的形成原因有两点:(1) 由于爆轰过程的快速性和急剧冷却的特点,CeO2晶粒来不及择优生长; (2) 产物Na2CO3的熔点较低,爆轰时呈熔融状态包覆在CeO2晶核的周围,阻隔了CeO2晶粒的团聚生长.     

超临界流体干燥技术制备超细Ce-Mn气凝胶

以化学纯Ce2(CO3)3·6H2O和Mn(NO3)2为主要原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法结合超临界流体干燥技术制备出铈锰气凝胶,经850℃煅烧后获得纳米粉体.通过TG-DTA,XRD,TEM,FT-IR等方法对样品进行表征,重点考察制备工艺及温度对气凝胶晶态、形貌、尺寸的影响,并通过反应"NO+CO"来检测其催化活性.结果显示该法能制备出具有较好疏松性、分散性的棕褐色粉末,晶粒呈球状,球径约为10 nm.经850℃煅烧后,物质的主要成分为CeO2和Mn2O3,由于高温烧结,晶粒尺寸明显长大,约为20～30 nm.铈锰气凝胶对反应"NO+CO"有一定的催化作用,但催化效果不够理想.     

Ni/CeO_2-SiO_2催化剂的制备、表征及其甲烷部分氧化制合成气性能（英文）

以硝酸亚铈(Ce(NO3)3·6H2O)和正硅酸四乙酯(C8H20O4Si)为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了系列具有大比表面积的xCeO2-(1.x)SiO2(x=0,0.25,0.50,0.75,1)复合氧化物载体,然后浸渍活性组分Ni制得用于甲烷部分氧化制合成气的Ni催化剂.运用N2物理吸附-脱附、X射线粉末衍射、扫描电镜、紫外-可见漫反射光谱、氢程序升温还原、氨程序升温脱附和热重等手段对所得催化剂的组织结构、还原性、表面酸性和积炭行为等进行了表征;同时考察了催化剂的组成、焙烧温度和反应时间等对催化剂在甲烷部分氧化制合成气中催化性能的影响.表征结果表明,该系列Ni/CeO2-SiO2催化剂具有大比表面积,CeO2晶粒较小,NiO的分散性好且易被还原,表面酸性弱,不容易积炭.当Ce/Si摩尔比为1:1,活性组分Ni的质量分数为10%,焙烧温度为700°C时,所制备的Ni/CeO2-SiO2催化剂表现出较好的稳定性、最高的CH4转化率(~84%)和对产物CO及H2的选择性(87%).     

Y2O3和CeO2复合掺杂ZrO2纳米晶的制备与表征

以ZrOCl2.8H2O,Y2O3,Ce（NO3）3.5.5H2O为原料,NH3.H2O作沉淀剂,少量表面活性剂PE作分散剂,采用反向共沉淀-喷雾干燥法,结合物理、化学分散技术,成功地制备了Y2O3,CeO2复合掺杂ZrO2纳米粉末。通过DSC-TG,XRD,XPS,BET和SEM等方法对所制得粉末进行了表征。结果表明：以Ce0.1Y0.1Zr0.8O1.95化学计量比制备的多元氢氧化物胶体经过喷雾干燥处理后,在500℃基本完成水合氧化物的分解,577℃附近完成由非晶相向立方相的转变;经过580-1000℃煅烧后,CeO2和Y2O3已经完全固溶到ZrO2中,形成类质同相体,该粉末系列均属于立方相萤石结构;掺杂进入ZrO2晶格中的Ce呈＋4价形式存在;比表面积由22.0 m^2.g^-1（580℃煅烧）减至4.97 m^2.g^-1（1000℃煅烧）;SEM结果显示800℃煅烧的该粉末颗粒尺寸分布均匀,多呈类球状,且粒径在50-80 nm。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.