高分子药物研究——Ⅻ.侧链含5-氟尿嘧啶聚酰胺的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

本文用N-(5-氟尿嘧啶乙酰)谷氨酸双对硝基苯酯与一系列α、ω-多次甲基二胺缩聚制备了6种侧链含5-氟尿嘧啶的聚酰胺。通过元素分析、核磁共振谱、红外光谱和紫外光谱对单体和聚合物的结构进行了鉴定。经初步抗动物肿瘤试验,聚α-(5-氟尿嘧啶乙酰胺基)戊二酰乙二胺对艾氏腹水癌的抑制率为43.0％。     

5-氟尿嘧啶短肽的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

5-氟尿嘧啶乙酸对-硝基苯酯和5-氟尿嘧啶丙酸对-硝基苯酯分别与三种二肽反应,制备了五个5-氟尿嘧啶二肽(4 a-e)。以5-氟尿嘧啶的氨基酸对-硝基苯酯(2 a-c)分别和三种二肽反应,制得四个5-氟尿嘧啶三肽(5 a-d)。产物经元素分析、NMR、IR和UV鉴定。初步动物试验表明:5-氟尿嘧啶丙酰甘-苯丙二肽,5-氟尿嘧啶乙酰甘-甘-苯丙三肽和5-氟尿嘧啶乙酰缬-亮-甘三肽对小白鼠移植性艾氏腹水癌有一定的抑制作用。     

5-氟尿嘧啶短钛的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

5-氟尿嘧啶乙酸对-硝基苯酯和5-氟尿嘧啶丙酸对-硝基苯酯分别与三种二肽反应,制备了五个5-氟尿嘧啶二肽(4aα-e).以5-氟尿嘧啶的氨基酸对-硝基苯酯(2a-c)分别和三种二肽反应,制得四个5-氟尿嘧啶三肽(5A-d).产物经元素分析,NMR,IR和UV鉴定.初步动物试验表明:5-氟尿嘧啶丙酰甘-苯丙二肽,5-氟尿嘧啶乙酰甘-甘-苯丙三肽和5-氟尿嘧啶乙酰缬-亮-甘三肽对小白鼠移植性艾氏腹水癌有一定的抑制作用.     

含5-氟尿嘧啶生物可降解聚磷酰胺的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

通过L-赖氨酸(N¹-5-氟尿嘧啶)烷基酯双盐酸盐与二氯磷酸乙酯、二氯膦甲酸乙酯、二氯膦乙酸乙酯共聚,合成了三类12种侧链含5-氟尿嘧啶的聚磷酰胺。聚合物的结构经UV、IR、¹H NMR及元素分析鉴定。聚合物用微量细胞培养四氮唑实验方法(MTT法)进行了对人肝癌细胞系Bel-7402细胞的微量培养实验。     

氨基酸5—氟尿嘧啶酯类衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

用氨基酸作抗癌药物载体以提高对癌细胞选择性的研究引起了人们的浓厚兴趣。在前文中,我们报道了5-氟尿嘧啶乙酰和丙酰氨基酸及其氨基酸的3-(N′-5-氟尿嘧啶基)-丙醇酯的合成及其抗肿瘤试验研究。本文将报道一系列氨基酸(5-氟尿嘧啶-1,3-双丙基)酯盐酸盐的合成及其体外抗肿瘤活性的研究。 合成路线如下:     

丙烯酸β-羟基γ-(邻乙酰氧基苯甲酰氧基)丙酯的合成及其聚合

<正> 将近来发现具有抗血小板凝聚效应的阿斯匹林进行高分子化的研究迄今尚少报告,我们曾合成了酯基上带有邻-乙酰氧苯甲酰氧基的丙烯酸酯类;甲基丙烯酸β-(乙酰水杨酰氧)乙酯;甲基丙烯酸β-(乙酰水杨酰氧)丙酯及丙烯酸β-(乙酰水杨酰氧)乙酯,本文合成了在酯基上兼有羟基和邻-乙酰氧基苯甲酰氧基的丙烯酸酯;甲基丙烯酸     

含半胱氨酸多肽的研究——Ⅲ.牛胰岛素A链带保护基的氨端九肽的合成

本文报告带保护基的牛胰岛素A链氨端九肽酯■和相应的九肽酰肼■与九肽酸■的合成.苄氧羰基甘氨酰-异亮氨酰-缬氨酰-γ-叔丁酯谷氨酸乙酯(III)分别由已知的苄氧羰基缬氨酰-γ-叔丁酯谷氨酸乙酯经催化氢解法脱去N-保护基后与苄氧羰基甘氨酰-异亮氨酰肼(VIII)按迭氮化合物法缩合,以及由已知的苄氧羰基甘氨酰-异亮氨酰-缬氨酸(VIII)与γ-叔丁酯谷氨酸乙酯按碳二亚胺法合成.III经肼解或皂化分别得四肽酰肼■和四肽酸■.苄氧羰基谷氨酰胺酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-丙氨酰-O-乙酰丝氨酸甲酯(V)分别由已知的苄氧羰基-S-苄基半胱氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-丙氨酰-丝氨酸甲酯XII_a或苄氧羰基-S-苄基半胱氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-丙氨酰-O-乙酰基丝氨酸甲酯XII以溴化氢-乙酸脱去N-保护基后与苄氧羰基谷氨酰胺对硝基苯酯(XIII)按活化酯法缩合而得.如以溴化氢-三氟乙酸脱去XIIa的N-保护基后与XIII按活化酯法缩合则得Va,合成Va的另一方法是将已知的苄氧羰基谷氨酰胺酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰-S-苄基半胱氨酰肼XIV通过迭氮化物法与丙氨酰-丝氨酸甲酯(X)缩合而得.五肽V经溴化氢-乙酸脱去N-保护基后与四肽酰肼IV或四肽酸IV_a分别通过迭氮化物法和碳二亚胺法缩合得到同一的九肽甲酯(I).化合物I用三氟乙酸脱去叔丁酯后肼解得九肽肼(II).化合物I经皂化得相应的九肽酸IIa.     

几种常见药物的高分子衍生物的合成

小分子药物高分子化能延长药效,减小副作用,是改进现有药物的重要方法之一。目前研究的高分子药物大致有两类:(1)高分子本身有药效;(2)高分子本身无药效,但可释放出小分子药物。例如,Vogl等合成的5-乙烯基水杨酸甲酯聚合物本身有抗紫外辐射功能,李福绵等合成的聚甲基丙烯酸-β-(乙酰水杨酰氧)乙酯等本身虽不是药,但可释放出阿斯匹林。我们希望合成出兼有以上两类特点的高分子药物,为此合成了几种常见药物的高分子衍生物:聚甲基丙烯酸水杨酸酯(PSAMA),聚甲基丙烯酸对乙酰胺基苯酯(PAPMA),聚甲基丙烯酸磺胺嘧啶酰胺(PSDMA)和聚甲基丙烯酸乳酸酯(PLAMA)。     

N''羟烷基-5-氟尿嘧啶和α-5-氟尿嘧啶-N-二羧酸的研究

5-氟尿嘧啶是一种广谱性的抗肿瘤药物, 其缺点是脂溶性小, 毒副作用较大, 为此, 对该化合物进行了大量的化学修饰工作, 本文通过2,4,-双三甲硅基-5-氟尿嘧啶分别与乙酸-W-溴代烷基酯和α-溴代丙二酸二乙酯的反应, 然后醇解, 制备了五种N'羟烷基-5-氟尿嘧啶-(2a-e)和α-5-氟尿嘧啶-N'-丙二酸二乙酯(3), 通过5-氟尿嘧啶与衣康酸二甲酯反应, 制备了α-5-氟脲嘧啶-N'-甲基丁二酸二甲酯(4)。将以上所得到的两种α-5-氟尿嘧啶-N'-二羧酸酯水解, 制得α-5-氟尿嘧啶-N'-丙二酸(5)和α-5-氟尿嘧啶-N'-甲基丁二酸(6)。     

含5—氟尿嘧啶生物可降解聚磷酰胺的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

通过Ｌ－赖氨酸（Ｎ＾１－５－氟尿嘧啶）烷基酯双盐酸盐与二氯磷酸乙酯，二氯膦甲酸乙酯，二氯膦乙酸乙酯共聚，合成了三类１２种侧链含５－氟尿嘧啶的聚磷酰胺。聚合物的结构经ＵＶ，ＩＲ，ＨＮＭＲ及元纱分析鉴定。聚合物用微量细胞培养四氮唑实验方法（ＭＴＴ法）进行了对人肝癌细胞系Ｂｅｌ－７４０２细胞的微量培养实验。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.