纳米铁氧化物合成的实验设计

设计了一个不同纳米铁氧化物（α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH、α-Fe2O3、Fe3O4）合成的简单方法,该方法可用于中级无机化学实验中,使学生掌握纳米材料常见的合成方法及表征手段,有利于学生实践能力和创新能力的提高。     

氨基羧酸铁(III)配合物催化分解过氧化氢

用碘量法研究了[Fe（EDTA],[FeⅢ(DCTA)],[FeⅢ(EGTA)]催化分解H2O2反应，提出了反应动力学方程为-d[H2O2]/dt=k[FE(Ⅲ)][H2O2][H ]^-1，认为氨基羧酸铁（Ⅲ）配合物催化分解H2O2反应为键式自由基反应，反应中间体包括过氧铁（Ⅲ）配合物，氨基羧酸铁（Ⅱ）和HO-，HO2-自由基。     

铁氧化物催化类Fenton反应

高级氧化技术是当今水处理技术领域研究的热点,Fenton试剂因操作简单、反应条件温和及氧化效率高等优势而备受关注。铁氧化物催化类Fenton反应能有效地解决催化剂回收利用难等问题,并且能够在较为广泛的pH范围内使用,从而成为Fenton氧化领域一个新的研究方向,但反应过程和机制往往更为复杂。本文评述了铁氧化物催化类Fenton反应中可能存在的多种机理,主要是羟基自由基理论、氧空位机理和高价态铁络合物机制。类Fenton反应速率的限速步骤是Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)循环过程,从提高反应速率的机理出发,本文探讨了类Fenton反应中铁氧化物催化剂的制备和发展,催化剂中多种价态的铁元素,通过相互间发生电子转移以加速Fe(Ⅱ)的再生,提高反应效率。铁氧化物掺杂过渡金属能显著提高催化H2O2有效分解的活性。阐明了多金属掺杂铁氧化物中多金属组分的催化机制和铁氧化物结构形态对反应性能的影响。研究表明催化剂中铁的结构形态、催化剂比表面积、催化剂与H2O2之间电子转移速率等都是决定催化剂性能的重要因素。最后讨论了继续研究方向,为开展非均相类Fenton反应提供参考。     

对过氧化氢与铜反应的认识

对H2O2与铜反应的条件问题,通过实验进行研究,得出的结论是:H2O2在酸性条件下能氧化铜,铜在加热时能催化H2O2分解,铜离子(Cu2+)在酸性条件并且加热的情况下能催化H2O2分解.     

铁氧化物/草酸/UVA体系中2-硫醇基苯骈噻唑的光化学降解

 用水热法合成纯γ-FeOOH粉末, 然后分别在250, 320, 420和520 ℃下煅烧得到IO-250等4种铁氧化物. XRD结果表明, 煅烧后得到的IO-250和IO-320为γ-Fe2O3和α-Fe2O3混合相, IO-420和IO-520为纯α-Fe2O3相. N2吸附结果表明, 随煅烧温度升高,铁氧化物比表面积减小. 铁氧化物与草酸悬浮液在紫外光照射下建立了一个铁氧化物/草酸/长波紫外线(UVA)类光Fenton体系,以2-硫醇基苯骈噻唑(MBT)为目标污染物测试了该体系的催化活性. 结果表明, 该体系能有效降解MBT, 不同铁氧化物组成的体系光化学活性依次为IO-320＞IO-250＞IO-420＞IO-520＞γ-FeOOH. 铁氧化物剂量和草酸的初始浓度显著影响体系的光化学活性,不同铁氧化物最佳剂量不同; 草酸能显著促进MBT光化学降解, 在各体系中其最佳浓度均为1.0 mmol/L. 反应过程中Fe2+和Fe3+的浓度及溶液pH值的变化均与铁氧化物的种类和草酸的初始浓度有关.     

碱土金属对钴铈复合氧化物催化剂催化N2O分解的影响

采用低温柠檬酸络合法制备了添加不同碱土金属的钴铈复合氧化物(Ce/Co摩尔比为0.05)催化剂, 考察了其催化N2O分解的活性. 结果表明, 碱土金属对钴铈催化剂催化N2O分解的活性有明显促进作用, 助催化效果递变顺序为Mg相似文献   

碱土金属对钴铈复合氧化物催化剂催化N2O分解的影响

采用低温柠檬酸络合法制备了添加不同碱土金属的钴铈复合氧化物(Ce/Co摩尔比为0.05)催化剂,考察了其催化N2O分解的活性.结果表明,碱土金属对钴铈催化剂催化N2O分解的活性有明显促进作用,助催化效果递变顺序为Mg相似文献   

低温下Fe(II)对Ferrihydrite相转化的催化作用研究

研究了在低温、近中性条件下,在微量Fe(II)离子存在下Ferrihydrite(又称为水合氧化铁hydrousironoxide)的相转化过程.结果表明,微量Fe(II)离子的存在不仅可以加速Ferrihydrite的相转化过程,而且其相转化产物的组成也与没有Fe(II)离子存在时产物的组成有所不同,即除了α-FeOOH和α-Fe2O3外,还形成了γ-FeOOH;相转化过程既与阴离子的种类、反应温度、反应时间等因素有关,也与Fe(II)离子存在状态有关;Fe(II)离子通过催化Ferrihydrite的溶解过程,从而加速整个相转化过程.对该过程的深入研究将对认识和了解自然条件下铁氧化物的形成与相互转化具有重要意义.     

以ε-Keggin-Fe_(13)离子为中心的高核稀土-铁氧簇合物

正铁的氧化物和氢氧化物是自然界中最丰富的过渡金属氧化物,并在污染物运输、地表水和地下水的pH值控制及微生物活动等相关的现象中发挥重要作用1,2。自然界中铁氧化物和氢氧化物主要有赤铁矿(α-Fe_2O_3)、磁铁矿(Fe_3O_4)、针铁矿(α-FeOOH)和水铁矿(Fe_5HO_8·4H_2O)等,其中磁铁矿是铁矿石资源中分布最广的铁氧化合物,在磁性材料、催化和医学领域(磁共振成像,MRI)中有着广泛的应用3,4。磁铁矿结构中含有ε-Keggin-Fe_(13)分子     

纳米α-FeOOH催化剂一段法脱除COS和H2S性能的研究

利用均相沉淀法、氨水滴定法制备纳米α-FeOOH粒子，以该粒子为活性组分制备催化剂，利用微反－色谱联用活性评价技术，在常压、空速10 000 h－1、25 ℃～60 ℃温度范围内考察了纳米α-FeOOH催化剂对COS催化水解的活性。采用热重法对纳米α-FeOOH催化剂脱除H2S的性能进行了研究。结果表明：纳米α-FeOOH催化剂对COS水解在低温度、大空速下具有高的活性，系列Ⅰ和系列Ⅱ催化剂分别在60 ℃和40 ℃～45 ℃时COS转化率达到100%。在60 ℃时各种催化剂吸附H2S的能力最强，最高饱和硫容可达到21.72w%。催化剂表面能量分布不均匀，COS催化水解在低温时存在补偿效应。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.