反相高效液相色谱法半制备分离[T(4-MOP)PS4]卟啉的研究

本文研究了新水溶性５，１０，１５，２０－四（４－甲氧基－３－磺酸苯基）卟啉［Ｔ（４－ＭＯＰ）ＰＳ４］的反相高效液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）分离条件。采用ＳｈｉｍｐａｃｋＰＲＥＰ－ＯＤＳ半制备色谱柱，用含有１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ四乙基碘化铵的乙腈－水（体积比２５：７５）为流动相，流速１８ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ，于４１８ｎｍ波长下检测。［Ｔ（４－ＭＯＰ）ＰＳ４］与合成中生成的杂质组分完全分离。经此制备的卟啉纯度高，已成功地应用于自来水样中微量钴、锌、铜离子的ＨＰＬＣ测定中。     

OPA柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定氨基酸含量

建立了邻苯二甲醛（ＯＰＡ）手动柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定样品中氨基酸含量的方法。以邻苯二甲醛（ＯＰＡ）／３－巯基丙酸（３－ＭＰＡ）为衍生试剂进行衍生,ＯＤＳ柱分离,３４０ｎｍ检测,在４０ｍｉｎ内１８种氨基酸全部得到基线分离。测定牛血清白蛋白（ＢＳＡ）的氨基酸组成和小鼠血清中的游离氨基酸,取得满意的结果。     

负载型贵金属催化剂的制备化学－载体等电点对Pd／A1_2O_3催化剂结构与催化性能的影响

本文通过化学修饰的方法改变了γ－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３载体等电点（ＩＥＰＳ），并用具有不同等电点的Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３作载体，以（ＮＨ_４）_２ＰｄＣｌ４为活性组分前身制备了一系列Ｐｄ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３催化剂，在固定床微反色谱装置上考察了其对ＣＯ氧化的催化活性，用Ｈｉ—Ｏ_２滴定、紫外漫反射光谱（ＤＲＳ）、透射电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ）中的能量色散谱（ＥＤＸＳ）等方法对上述催化剂进行了表征，结果表明：Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３的等电点（ＩＥＰＳ）对所得催化剂中金属分散度和浓度分布都有明显影响，ＩＥＰＳ越高。活性组分越靠近外表面，在相同担载量下，其分散度也越高。这主要是由于载体ＩＥＰＳ的改变，导致了（ＮＨ_４）_２ＰｄＣｌ_４在γ－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３上吸附机理的变化，并使所得催化剂对ＣＯ氧化的催化活性发生了规律性的变化。     

反相离子对色谱法测定硫代硫酸根和碘离子的研究

首次利用Ｓ２Ｏ２－３和Ｉ－与Ｈｇ－ＥＤＴＡ二元络合物通过柱前衍生形成ＥＤＴＡ－Ｈｇ－Ｓ２Ｏ３和ＥＤＴＡ－Ｈｇ－Ｉ两种三元络合物的方法,实现了对Ｓ２Ｏ２－３和Ｉ－的间接反相离子对色谱分离和紫外检测。在ＺｏｒｂａｘＯＤＳ柱上,用甲醇∶水＝２３∶７７作流动相,内含对离子ＴＢＡ＋３．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＥＤＴＡ１．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＮａＮＯ３２．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ和缓冲剂ＫＨ２ＰＯ４－Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４（ｐＨ７．０）,紫外２５４ｎｍ检测。Ｓ２Ｏ２－３和Ｉ－的最小检出限分别为６１．１ｎｇ和３７．６ｎｇ。方法简便,选择性好。     

用制备型高效液相色谱分离石油亚砜的馏分

用经典硅胶柱色谱法对石油亚砜 (PSO)进行预分离。PSO被分成 4个馏分 (分别记为PSO1,PSO2 ,PSO3和PSO4)。所用的流动相及洗脱顺序 :苯、二氯甲烷、甲醇 二氯甲烷 (1∶1体积比 )、甲醇。经预分离后 ,PSO中的亚砜成分主要富集在馏分PSO3和PSO2中。用高效制备液相色谱法对这两馏分作进一步的分离和纯化。PSO2的色谱条件是 :色谱柱 μ BondapakC1 85 7mm× 30 0mm ;流动相为二氯甲烷、环己烷、甲醇混合液 ,收集经纯化后的组分PSO2g2 2 ;PSO3被分离为 7个馏分 ,其色谱条件为 :色谱柱μ BondapakC1 85 7mm× 30 0mm ;流动相为 70 %～ 10 0 %甲醇 水 ;梯度洗脱其流量为 80mL min ;进样量为80mL 次 (PSO3用 70 %甲醇 水稀释 10倍 )。取其中较纯的馏分PSO3c ,PSO3e ,PSO3g作进一步的色谱纯化 ,色谱条件为C1 8半制备色谱柱 7.8mm× 30 0mm ;流速 :2 0mL min ;流动相 :甲醇 水 70∶ 30 ,V/V(PSO3c)″80∶2 0 ,V V(PSO3e) ;85∶15 ,V V(PSO3g) ;检测器UV 2 5 4nm     

气相色谱法测定化妆品中的 VE 含量

介绍了一种用气相色谱法准确快速测定品中ＶＥ２含量的新方法。该法以ＶＣ作保护剂,用环已烷提取样品,ＳＥＰ－ＰＡＫ ＡＬＵＭ－Ａ小柱净化。以氯氰菊酯内标物,在１？５％ＯＶ＝－１７色谱柱上进行分离,测定化妆口中ＶＥ含量。内标物与样品的分离度为１．５５。平均回收纺为９４．３％～９８．８％,相对标准偏差为１．７％～３．５％（ｎ＝５）。     

强极性高聚物毛细管柱的制备与性能评价

以强极性的丙烯腈为单体,以二乙烯苯为交联剂,采用原位聚合法一步反应制备出了强极性的ＯＰＰＬＯＴ－Ａ型高聚物毛细管柱。该柱的极性大于早先制备的ＯＰＰＬＯＴ－Ｑ,－Ｒ,－Ｓ型柱。对柱子的色谱性能进行了评价。该柱可实现对醛、酮、醇、酯、醚、腈等类化合物的分离,尤其对腈、醛的分离更好。对柱子的耐水性也进行了考察,水对柱子的保留行为不产生影响。由于该柱极性较大,因此耐温性较前述柱低,最高使用温度为２００℃。还对柱子的其它分离特性进行了考察。     

反相色谱法分离和间接光度法测定无机阴离子

在化学键合固定相ＯＤＳ柱上,用Ｆｅ（Ｐｈｅｎ）_３~（２＋）作流动相添加剂分离并用间接光度法检测无机阴离子。探讨了主要因素（如流动相中Ｆｅ（Ｐｈｅｎ）_３~（２＋）浓度、有机溶剂浓度、ｐＨ值和离子强度等）对阴离子保留和检测灵敏度的影响。Ｃｌ~－,Ｂｒ~－,ＮＯ_３~－和Ｉ~－具有良好的分离度;间接光度检测波长为Ｆｅ（Ｐｈｅｎ）_３~（２＋）的最大吸收波长５１０ｎｍ。测定这４个离子的校正曲线的线性范围为１～１６０ｍｇ／Ｌ（Ｃｌ~－,Ｂｒ~－,ＮＯ_３~－）和２～３２０ｍｇ／Ｌ（Ｉ~－）;相关系数均达０．９９６。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐地碱蓬汁中7种水溶性维生素和18种氨基酸

采用Ｓｈｉｍ－ｐａｃｋＣＬＣ－ＯＤＳＣ_（１８）色谱柱和ＡＡ０３反相键合相柱,对盐地碱蓬（以下称碱蓬）汁中７种水溶性维生素和１８种氨基酸进行了分离测定,结果令人满意。     

甲基膦酸二甲庚酯萃取色谱法分离金,铂的研究

本文研究了以４．０ｍｏｌ．Ｌ Ｈ２ＳＯ４－０．５０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＭｇＳＯ４为流动相，以硅烷化硅球负载的甲基膦酸二甲庚酯作固定相，萃取色谱法使微量铂，金与常见贱金属分离，富集在色谱柱上的铂和金分别用０．１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＣｌ和１．０％Ｎａ２ＳＯ３溶液洗脱进行连续分离与测定。经实际样品的试用考核，结果令人满意。     

快速色谱

基于柱液相色谱和薄层色谱之间的关系,讨论如何为快速色谱选择流动相,并介绍此技术手工操作的步骤.     

Extraction chromatography of common anions in liquid-liquid anion exchange systems. Part. III. Monobasic aliphatic organic acids and their sodium salts as eluants

Summary The chromatographic behaviour of anions on paper strips treated with tri-n-octylamine (TOA) salts or Aliquat 336 and developed with aqueous solutions of acetic, formic, monochloroacetic or trifluoroacetic acids and their sodium salts was investigated. Liquid-liquid extraction of organic acids by 0.1 M solution of TOA in benzene as well as the anion exchange between benzene solutions of TOA salts or Aliquat 336 (in acetate form) in benzene and aqueous solutions of sodium halides was also studied. It was found that extraction increases in the following order of the acids: CH₃COOOH<HCOOH<CH₂CICOOH<CF₃COOH; the relative affinity of organic anions to the quaternary alkyl-ammonium cation also increase in a similar order. The extraction of acid in excess over the amount necessary to neutralize the amine was observed for all four acids. The R_F values of anions investigated depend markedly on the type of organic acids or their salts and their concentration in the mobile phase. Halide ions are more strongly retained on paper treated with Aliquat 336 as compared with TOA salts. The chromatographic systems investigated offer many possibilities to separate various anion mixtures.Parts and II: refs. [1, 2].     

A review of advances in two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography

Although there are many simple thin-layer chromatography (TLC) separations, many more are complex and involve more than a few components, that means having to use special high-performance TLC (HPTLC) plates or microspotting or banding devices to increase its resolving power if developing in only one direction. However, adding a second development to perform two-dimensional TLC (2D TLC) allows even better resolution of complex samples. This is because different modes of chromatography are being invoked by the use of one stationary phase with two mobile phases, bilayer plates, graft TLC, or multidimensional TLC. This paper is a review of recent applications that have benefitted from using 2D TLC in its various forms. They were chosen for their variety of sample types as well as the unique choices of plates and/or mobile phases made by the researchers to yield improved separations.     

Unified chromatography: Fundamentals,instrumentation and applications†

The concept of unified chromatography has been in existence for 50 years after the work of Giddings proposing that all modes of chromatography (gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography and so on) may be treated together under a single unified theory. His idea was partially fulfilled 23 years later by Ishii, Takeuchi and colleagues, who demonstrated for the first time the possibility to analyze a complex sample containing substances with a wide range of boiling points and polarities in the same instrument and column, just by varying the mobile phase pressure and temperature to change from one chromatographic mode to another. This approach has been demonstrated through application to the separation of complex mixtures in several areas including crude oil, edible oils and polymers. Still, unified chromatography has not yet been fully developed. In the present work, we will review the fundamentals, instrumentation and several applications of the technique. Also discussed are the drawbacks that still hinder development, as well as the recent developments and trends in instrumentation and columns that suggest the most feasible ways forward to the full development of unified chromatography.     

TLC as a pilot technique for the optimization of gradient HPLC II. Use of data obtained from RP-18 plates for the prediction of gradient programs in reversed-phase liquid chromatography

Summary A method is described and experimentally verified permitting the determination of the optimal gradient programs in HPLC on the basis of isocratic TLC data. The proposed method has many advantages and can also be used in reversed-phase systems. A satisfactory agreement between the theoretical and experimental of V_R/V_O values has been confirmed. Some discrepancies for more strongly retained solutes are, probably due to the respective equilibrium and nonequilibrium state of the column in isocratic and gradient elution.Part I: Ref. [1].     

Exhibition of the first gas chromatographic work of Erika Cremer and Fritz Prior

Summary In November 1995, theDeutsches Museum, the world's largest technical museum, opened a new branch in Bonn, devoted to achievements after 1945. There, the first gas chromatographic system used by Erika Cremer and Fritz Prior, in 1945–47, in Innsbruck, is exhibited. The new display is described and the early activities of Erika Cremer and her students are summarized.     

茶多酚的色谱分析法

 对茶多酚的主要成分――儿茶素的色谱分析法进行了综述。重点介绍了应用最多的反相高 效液相色谱法,同时简述了平板色谱法、气相色谱法以及目前出现的新的色谱分析方法。     

Affinity monolith chromatography: A review of general principles and recent developments

Affinity monolith chromatography (AMC) is a liquid chromatographic technique that utilizes a monolithic support with a biological ligand or related binding agent to isolate, enrich, or detect a target analyte in a complex matrix. The target-specific interaction exhibited by the binding agents makes AMC attractive for the separation or detection of a wide range of compounds. This article will review the basic principles of AMC and recent developments in this field. The supports used in AMC will be discussed, including organic, inorganic, hybrid, carbohydrate, and cryogel monoliths. Schemes for attaching binding agents to these monoliths will be examined as well, such as covalent immobilization, biospecific adsorption, entrapment, molecular imprinting, and coordination methods. An overview will then be given of binding agents that have recently been used in AMC, along with their applications. These applications will include bioaffinity chromatography, immunoaffinity chromatography, immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography, and dye-ligand or biomimetic affinity chromatography. The use of AMC in chiral separations and biointeraction studies will also be discussed.