微晶萘负载PMBP微柱分离预富集与电热蒸发—电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱

报道了微晶萘负载１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰基－５－吡唑酮（ＰＭＢＰ）微型柱分离预富集与电热蒸发－电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ）联用测定痕量稀土元素（Ｓｃ,Ｙ,Ｌａ和Ｙｂ）的新方法,试验影响分离／预富集待测物的各种因素（包括溶液酸度、流速、试样体积、微柱尺寸）;研究了吸附有待测物的微晶萘的溶解方法及共存元素对分离／测定的影响,在优化的实验条件下,方法的相对检出限为１４ｐｇ／ｍＬ（Ｓｃ）,３２ｐｇ／ｍＬ（Ｙ）,１９０ｐｇ／ｍＬ（Ｌａ）和２６ｐｇ／ｍＬ（Ｙｂ）,相对标准偏差（ＲＳＤ）分别为３．１％,３．５％,４．８％和３．４％（ｎ＝９,ｃ＝１０ｎｇ／ｍＬ）,本法已成功地应用生物样品痕量稀土元素（Ｓｃ,Ｙ,Ｌａ和Ｙｂ）的测定,结果满意。     

聚三氟氯乙烯化学改进剂在电热蒸发(ETV)-ICP-AES直接测定生物试样中微量钛的应用

本文首次提出以聚三氟氯乙烯（ＰＴＦＣＥ）为化学改进剂，应用于悬浮体制样ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ直接测定固体生物试样中微量钛。实验采用５％ＰＴＦＣＥ，促进Ｔｉ的蒸发。方法的绝对检出限为２ｐｇ（按５σ计），ＲＳＤ为２．６％（ｎ＝５）。该法用于直接测定ＧＢＷ０８５０５茶叶粉末样品中的Ｔｉ，结果与参考值吻合，回收率为９７．３～１０５．４％。     

气相色谱法分离和测定对甲硫基苯酚

采用气相色谱法分离和测定对甲硫苯酚。在Ф６ ×１ ．５ ×１ ５００ ｍ ｍ 玻璃柱内填充５ ％ Ｏ Ｖ１０１／ Ｃｈｒｏｍ ｏｓｏｒｂ Ｗ Ａ Ｗ Ｄ Ｍ Ｃ Ｓ 的色谱柱上,对甲硫基苯酚与内标物磷酸三丁酯及杂质之间具有较好的分离效果;而且以磷酸三丁酯为内标物时其重量校正因子相当稳定,即 ｆｗ ． Ａ ＝ ０ ．９４８ ±０ ．００５ ４（ｎ ＝ ９ ,α＝ ０ ．０５） 。该方法操作简便、快速、准确。对同一试样的８ 次平行独立测定其标准偏差为０ ．２５ ,变异系数为０ ．００７ ２ 。并且,该方法的３ 次加入法回收率达９８ ．１８ ％ ～９９ ．２２ ％ 。     

聚三氟氯乙烯化学改进剂在电热蒸发（ETV）—ICP—AES直接测定生物试样…

本文首次提出以聚三氟氯乙烯（ＰＴＦＣＥ）为化学改进剂，应用于悬浮体制样ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ直接测定固体生物试样中微量钛，实验采用５％，ＰＴＦＣＥ，促进Ｔｉ的蒸发，方法的绝对检出限为２ｐｇ（按５σ计），ＲＳＤ为２．６％（ｎ＝５），该法用于直接测定ＧＢＷ０８５０５茶叶粉末样品中的Ｔｉ，结果与参考值吻合，回收率为９７．３～１０５．４％。     

镉（Ⅱ）－1－苯基－3－甲基－4－苯甲酰基－吡唑啉酮－5配合物吸附波的研究

在ｐＨ４．８的ＨＡｃ－ＮＨ＿（４）Ａｃ介质中，Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）与１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰基－吡唑啉酮－５（ＰＭＢＰ）生成配合物，于－０．６７Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）出现一尖锐、灵敏的极谱波。镉含量在０．００１～１．μｇ／ｍＬ范围内与峰高成线性关系。用多种电化学方法研究了极谱波的性质及电极反应机理，证明－０．６７Ｖ处的极谱波为配合物吸附波，峰电流由中心离子Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）还原产生。配合物组成为Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）：ＰＭＢＰ＝１：１。试验了３０多种离子对峰电流的影响，用ＳｒＳＯ＿４共沉淀分离Ｐｂ（Ⅱ），再经巯基棉分离其它干扰离子。用于矿样中镉的测定，结果满意。     

高效液相色谱法测定血清中茶碱浓度

采用高效液相色谱,分析柱：３μｍ,３．３ｃｍ＊４．６ｍｍ,Ｉ．Ｄ（Ｐｅｒｋｉｎ Ｅｌｍｅｒ,ＵＳＡ）;预柱：１０μｍ,１ｃｍ＊２．１ｍｍ,Ｉ．Ｄ（Ｐｅｒｋｉｎ ＥＬｍｅｒ,ＵＳＡ）;以乙酰氨基酚为内标对氯仿－异丙醇（９５：５,Ｖ／Ｖ）提取样品进行了分析,流动相：０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ醋酸缓冲液（ＰＨ＝４．５）－甲醇（７０：３０,Ｖ／Ｖ）;检测波长：２７０ｎｍ;流速０．５ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ,３ｍｉｎ即完成一次茶     

以PMBP为化学改进剂的电热蒸发/ICP-AES测定痕量钪的研究

报道了以１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰基－吡唑酮［５］（ＰＭＢＰ）为化学改进剂的ＥＴＶ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定痕量钪的新方法．详细研究了金属螯合物在石墨炉内的形成、挥发及其影响因素；发现过量ＰＭＢＰ的存在有利于该螯合物的形成，并定量蒸发／传输至等离子体中．在优化的实验条件下，钪的检出限为０．３ｎｇ／ｍＬ，相对标准偏差为２．４％（ｃ＝０．１μｇ／ｍＬ，ｎ＝７）．本法已用于标准参考物机动车尾气尘粒中钪的测定，获得了满意的结果．     

PMBP为载体的乳状液膜提取钪的研究

研究了以１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰基吡唑酮－５（ＰＭＢＰ）为流动载体的乳状液膜（ＥＬＭ）法提取钪，确定最佳液膜体系组成为０．４％ＰＭＢＰ－３％Ｓｐａｎ８０－５％液体石蜡－煤油－３ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ，Ｒｏｉ＝１：１（油内比）．Ｒｗｅ（水乳比）可达２０：１．用该体系对钪与混合稀土进行分离，钪的回收率可达９５．５％，分离系数β（ＳＣ／ＲＥ）＝３２．０。     

测定玻璃体和房水中维拉帕米含量的高效液相色谱法

研究了用ＨＰＬＣ 测定兔眼玻璃体和房水中维拉帕米含量的方法。用丙咪嗪为内标， 采用Ｓｐｈｅｒｉｃａｌ Ｃ１８色谱柱分离， 以甲醇－ ０ ．０４ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ 醋酸铵－ 乙腈－ 二乙胺（ 体积比１ ∶１ ∶０ ．５ ∶０ ．０２） 为流动相， 检测波长为２７８ｎｍ 。样品用正己烷－ 异丁醇提取后进样， 分析速度快。 样品及内标的保留时间分别为４ ．６３ ｍｉｎ 及９ ．２３ ｍｉｎ ； 线性范围为２ ．５ ～１００ ｍｇ／Ｌ， 相关系数ｒ 为０ ．９９９ ７ 。方法的回收率为１００ ．３ ％ （ ｎ ＝ ５） ，ＲＳＤ 为３ ．６３％ ， 日内ＲＳＤ 为０ ．５ ％ ～３ ．６１ ％ ， 日间ＲＳＤ 为３ ．７５ ％ ～４ ．８０ ％ ， 最低检测质量浓度为０．２５ ｍｇ／ Ｌ。 应用该法测定了创伤家兔玻璃体和房水中维拉帕米浓度的变化。     

反相HPLC测定钒,铌,钽的2—（2—吡啶偶氮）—5—二乙氨基苯酚配合物

以２－（２－吡啶偶氮０－５－二乙氨基苯酚（ＰＡＤＡＰ）为柱前衍生试剂，在含０．１％酒石酸的１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ｐＨ３．５）ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲溶液的甲醇／水（５０∶５０，Ｖ／Ｖ）中（５８０ｎｍ检测），在Ｃ１８柱上于１１ｍｉｎ内实现了Ｖ、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ的同时分离及测定，检出限（Ｓ／Ｎ＝３）杰０．３４、０．２９、７．３０ｎｇ／ｍＬ．该法灵敏度高，用于矿样分析所得民推荐值相行，标准加入回收率为９９．０％～１０     

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中的维生素K1

建立了化妆品中维生素K1的高效液相色谱分析方法.将样品采用饱和氯化钠溶液-正己烷溶剂体系按不同的添加顺序进行分散、提取后,用高效液相色谱/二极管阵列检测器(HPLC/DAD)进行测定.其中,对油脂含量较高样品的提取液需经硅胶固相萃取柱进一步净化后测定.对不同的提取和净化方法作了系统研究,在优化实验条件下,方法的回收率为...     

气相色谱-质谱法测定化妆品中的防晒剂

采用气相色谱-质谱法测定了化妆品中11种防晒剂，通过对提取溶剂、提取条件的选择和线性、灵敏度、精密度、回收率等的研究，建立了测定化妆品中防晒剂的方法，11种防晒剂的平均回收率(n＝5)在98．2％-101．2％之间，相对标准偏差(n＝5)在0．3％-1．6％之间。     

辛硫磷和氯氰菊酯的大口径毛细管气相色谱定量分析研究

 对辛硫磷和氯氰菊酯的复配农药——２０％辛氯乳油进行了气相色谱定量分析的研究。以甲基对硫磷为内标,使用大口径毛细管柱,采用快速程序升温、高载气流速等手段,解决了辛硫磷高温易分解与氯氰菊酯色谱流出温度高的矛盾。在相同的色谱条件下对二者进行定量分析,变异系数分别为０．６７％和１．０％。方法简便、快速、准确。     

Impurity analysis of 1,4-dioxane in nonionic surfactants and cosmetics using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

1,4-Dioxane impurity in nonionic surfactants and cosmetics were analyzed using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Experimental results show that there is no significant difference using SPME-GC and SPME-GC-MS for analysis of 1,4-dioxane in three types of nonionic surfactants at the 95% confidence level. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) values of each analytical method were smaller than 3%. The amount of 1,4-dioxane was found to vary from 11.6 +/- 0.3 ppm to 73.5 +/- 0.5 ppm in 30% of nonionic surfactants from manufacturers in Taiwan. These methods were linear over the studied range of 3-150 ppm with correlation coefficients higher than 0.995. The recoveries of 1,4-dioxane for these nonionic surfactants following SPME were all higher than 96 +/- 1% (n = 3). The detection limits of 1,4-dioxane for these nonionic surfactants following SPME were from 0.06 ppm to 0.51 ppm. The experimentally determined level of 1,4-dioxane in cosmetics from manufacturers in Taiwan varied from 4.2 +/- 0.1 ppm to 41.1 +/- 0.6 ppm in 22% of daily used cosmetics following SPME coupled with GC and GC-MS. Conventional solvent extraction takes around 1 h for extraction and reconcentration but SPME takes only around 10 min. SPME provides better analyses of 1,4-dioxane in nonionic surfactants and cosmetics than conventional solvent extraction and head space pretreatments in term of simplicity, speed, precision, detection limit, and solvent consumption.     

Determination of endosulfan and some pyrethroids in waters by micro liquid-liquid extraction and GC-MS

A simple, rapid and reproducible method for the determination of some pesticide residues in water was developed using micro liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring (GC/MS-SIM). The chlorinated insecticides α- and β-endosulfan and endosulfan-sulfate as well as the synthetic pyrethroids bifenthrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and deltamethrin can be separated from a 500 mL sample water extracted with 0.5 mL of n-hexane containing anthracene-d₁₀ as internal standard without clean-up in only 13 min. The recovery efficiencies of the tested compounds yielded more than 93.0% at a fortification level of 5 ng mL^–1 and their relative standard deviations were between 1.9 and 11.7%. Detection limit of each compound ranged between 3 and 35 pg mL^–1. The method was applied to ground, sea and tap waters from Almería (Spain). The solubilities in water at 20°?C were determined.     

顶空气相色谱法测定化妆品中15种挥发性有机溶剂残留

建立了化妆品中15种挥发性有机溶剂残留的顶空气相色谱测定方法。样品经60 ℃、30 min静态顶空后,采用气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器进行检测,外标法定量。加标回收试验结果表明: 15种挥发性有机溶剂残留平均回收率为62.8%～116%,相对标准偏差均小于5%。方法的检出限为0.09～0.68 mg/kg。该方法可有效克服基体干扰,一次进样可同时分离和测定化妆品中15种挥发性有机溶剂,准确灵敏,简单快速,适用于化妆品中挥发性有机溶剂残留的检测。     

Rapid preconcentration method for the determination of pyrethroid insecticides in vegetable oils and butter fat and simultaneous determination by gas chromatography-electron capture detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

A simple and rapid solid-phase extraction (SPE)-GC method for the preconcentration and quantification of pyrethroids at low nanogram levels in oils and high fat content samples is presented. The method was studied using seven highly persistent pyrethroid insecticides, viz., cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, cyfluthrin, allethrin, cyhalothrin and permethrin. Preconcentration was achieved by treating the oil samples with methyltrioctylammonium chloride and subsequent elution of the pyrethroid molecules from a graphitized carbon black SPE cartridge using 5 ml of acetonitrile. Pyrethroid quantification was achieved by GC with electron capture detection. Recoveries of the pyrethroids at fortification levels of 0.05-0.5 ppm were 94-105%. Storage on graphitized carbon black for 30 d lowered the recovery of the pyrethroids by only 3-6%. The method compared well with results obtained by a GC-MS method. The relative standard deviation at a concentration level of 0.05-0.2 microgram ml-1 ranged from 1.31 to 5.16%. The limit of detection achieved was 0.002 microgram ml-1 without any additional clean-up and with little interference from lipids during analysis.     

Essential oil composition of aerial parts of Micromeria persica Boiss. from Western of Shiraz,Iran

Micromeria persica Boiss. is medicinal and aromatic plant, belonging to the Lamiaceae family. The chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) from aerial parts of M. persica were extracted using hydro-distillation method and analysed using GC and GC–MS. Fifty-two compounds were identified in the EOs of aerial parts of M. persica. The main chemical compositions were n-hexadecanoic acid (14.9%), thymol (9.5%), linoleic acid (8.0%), carvacrol (5.6%), (E)-nerolidol (5.5%), linolenic acid (5.5%), α-cadinol (2.7%), linalool (2.7%), borneol (2.6%), caryophyllene oxide (2.3%) and pulegone (2.0%). Presence of borneol, thymol, carvacrol and pulegone suggests the potential of this plant as a flavouring source in the food industry, being used in perfumery and cosmetics industry, vitamin E synthesis and exhibit strong fungicidal, antibacterial and antimicrobial activities.     

高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器同时测定化妆品中的九种染料及中间体

建立了用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-PDA)同时检测9种染料及中间体的系统方法。首先采用超声提取的方法处理样品,对提取溶剂和提取时间进行了选择,确定用甲醇-0.01 mol/L 乙酸铵(体积比为2∶1)作提取溶剂,超声提取20 min。然后,采用C18柱,以甲醇-0.01 mol/L乙酸铵(pH 6.2)为流动相梯度洗脱,用PDA检测。以保留时间定性,并以紫外吸收光谱图辅助定性,以外标法定量。定量检测波长为230 nm,15 min内可对9种目标物同时进行测定,且各化合物都达到基线分离(分离度大于1.5)。经测定,该方法的平均回收率(n=8)为81.0%～105.6%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.8%～4.9%,检出限(以信噪比为3计)为0.1～2 μg。该方法简单、快速,能有效提取和分离测定化妆品中9种染料及中间体。将该方法用于实际化妆品样品的检测,结果令人满意。     

气相色谱质谱法测定化妆品中9种多环芳烃

建立了气相色谱质谱法测定化妆品中9种多环芳烃的分析方法。化妆品中的萘、苯并[a]蒽、、苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[j]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽、苯并[e]芘、苯并[a]芘、二苯并[a,h]蒽等9种多环芳烃用甲醇超声提取后,用环己烷液-液萃取后浓缩,经硅胶-中性氧化铝柱净化后,采用气相色谱-质谱测定。多环芳烃浓度在0.05～2 mg/L范围内,质量浓度与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系。在低、中、高3个添加水平下,9种多环芳烃化合物的平均回收率为81.6%～100.2%,相对标准偏差为1.3%～5.8%。方法可用于化妆品中多环芳烃的检测。