磷钼杂多阴离子薄膜修饰电极及其应用——循环伏安法测定植酸中无机磷

本文采用含磷10μg/ml的5×10~(-3)mol/L钼酸铵-0.5mol/L硫酸-20％(V/V)丙酮溶液为电极修饰液,制备了性能优良的以玻碳为基体的PMo_(12)薄膜修饰电极,并应用于植酸中无机磷的测定。检测限为0.04μg/ml磷;相对标准偏差(n=5)为4.32％,加标回收率为98％～108％。本法还可应用于植酸及其它含磷试样的分析。     

超高压液相色谱-串级质谱分析渔业水中7种激素药物

建立了同时测定渔业养殖水中氢化可的松、泼尼松、醋酸可的松、睾酮、甲睾酮、黄体酮及苯丙酸诺龙等7种激素残留药物的超高压液相色谱-电喷雾电离串联质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)分析方法.水样用HLB固相萃取柱净化、浓缩后,洗脱液经氮气吹干,残渣用乙腈-水(V∶V=1∶1)溶解,以乙腈和0.1％甲酸水溶液为流动相,经ZORBAXSB-C18色谱柱分离后进行LC-MS/MS多反应检测模式作定性定量分析.方法在0.5～40μggL或1～40μg/L范围具有良好的线性,相关系数大于0.997,检出限(S/N=3)为0.03～0.3μg/L,平均回收率为74.8％～113.0％,相对标准偏差为4.0％～16％.方法适用于渔业养殖水中7种激素的检测分析.     

铋膜电极方波吸附溶出伏安法测定纺织品中痕量钴和镍

本文建立了在铋膜修饰电极上采用方波吸附溶出伏安法同时测定纺织品中痕量Co2+和Ni2+的方法.以NH3-NH4Cl作为缓冲液,在丁二酮肟浓度为10 μmol/L的体系中,Co2和Ni2+的还原峰电位分别为-1.13 V和-1.03 V.当缓冲溶液pH为9.2,富集电位为-0.7V,富集时间为200 s时,C02 +和Ni2+在0.5～50 μg/L范围呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数R2＞0.99,其检出限分别为0.79 μg/L和0.96 μg/L,其它金属离子的干扰较小.采用标准加入法测定纺织品中Co>和Ni2+,回收率在94.88％～104.14％之间.     

差分脉冲伏安法测定饮用水中的Mn~(2+)

采用差分脉冲伏安法测定了饮用水中的Mn~(2+)。探讨了仪器自身条件和不同的底液条件对Mn~(2+)的峰高和峰型的影响。通过比较不同条件下Mn~(2+)的峰高和峰型,确定测量Mn~(2+)的最佳条件如下:Hg面积为0.52 mm2、搅拌速率为3000 min~(-1)、富集时间为320 s、平衡时间为20 s、起始扫描电压为-1.65~-1.60 V、终止扫描电压为-1.25 V、富集电压为-1.70 V、扫描速率为0.01V/s、振幅为25 m V,底液为0.5 m L的0.2 mol/L的Na_2HPO_4和5.0 m L的0.5 mo L/L的H_3BO_3溶液。在0~21.75μg/L范围内,峰电流与质量浓度呈线性关系,R=0.998。在最佳条件下测定饮用水中的Mn~(2+),质量浓度为0.718~2.033μg/L,RSD为2.1%~9.7%,检出限为0.015μg/L。样品加标回收率为97.8%~107.9%,RSD%为1.7%~10%。     

超高效合相色谱法测定盐酸兰地洛尔中立体异构体的含量

建立了一种超高效合相色谱法( Ultra performance convergence chromatography,UPC2)分离和测定盐酸兰地洛尔中立体异构体的方法。本方法选用Daicel CHIRALPAK? IF手性色谱柱(150 mm ×4.6 mm,3μm),以CO2为流动相,甲醇-正丁醇-乙腈(1：1：1, V/V)+0.5％氨水为助溶剂,梯度洗脱,流速为2.8 mL/min,检测波长为223 nm。在建立的UPC2条件下,盐酸兰地洛尔的R,R-异构体、R,S-异构体和S,R-异构体的检出限分别为0.3、0.4和0.3 mg/L;线性范围分别为2~300 mg/L、5~300 mg/L和2~300 mg/L;加标回收率分别为103.4％,91.8％和101.7％;进样精密度分别为0.06％,0.09％和0.08％(n=6)。本方法能够满足盐酸兰地洛尔样品中3个立体异构体检查的相关要求。     

差分脉冲溶出伏安法测定陶瓷器皿中铅和镉的溶出率

采用4%的乙酸浸泡陶瓷样品24 h,应用同位镀汞差分脉冲溶出伏安法测定了陶瓷样品中微量重金属铅、镉的溶出量。以0.1 mol/L的硝酸溶液做底液,0.1 mol/L的KCl溶液做支持电解质,2 g/L的Hg2+溶液做镀汞液,测得铅的溶出峰电位为-0.5 V(vsSCE),镉的溶出峰电位为-0.7 V(vsSCE),两者含量在5×10-4～1 mg/L和5×10-4～0.5 mg/L范围内峰电流和其含量呈良好的线性关系,检出限分别为2×10-4和4.3×10-3mg/L。     

高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱同时测定虾类中6种砷形态

建立了高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱(HPLC-ICP-MS)同时测定虾类中6种砷形态的方法。研究了不同流动相、梯度洗脱方法对6种砷形态化合物的分离效果。在优化的质谱条件下,采用pH=8.5的50 mmol/L(NH4)2CO3-甲醇(99∶1,V/V)溶液及pH=8.5的0.5mmol/L(NH4)2CO3-甲醇(99∶1,V/V)溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,10 min之内6种砷形态达到基线分离。同时采用0.5 mmol/L(NH4)2CO3-甲醇(99∶1,V/V)溶液(pH=8.5)作为提取剂能较好地提取养殖虾样品中的砷形态。该联用技术重现性好,能快速地同时测定养殖虾中6种砷形态化合物。     

示波极谱同时测定胱氨酸和赖氨酸方法的研究

本文提出在pH为10的Na_2B_4O_7·10H_2O-CH_3CHO-NaOH体系中,于示波极谱仪上,峰电位分别为-0.70V和-1.45V处,可同时测定胱氨酸和赖氨酸,其浓度分别在0.5～100μg/ml和0.5～80μg/ml范围内与峰电流成线性关系,大部分共存氨基酸对测定无大的影响,最大相对标准偏差分别为1.8%和10.0%,接近于氨基酸专用分析仪的测定水平。     

蒙脱石修饰碳糊电极测定氨基酸的研究：Ⅰ.色氨酸的测定

本文用含10％蒙脱石的修饰碳糊电极研究了测定色氨酸的方法。发现在0.001mol/L KCl-HCl(pH=2.0)溶液中富集、介质交换后用微分脉冲伏安法测定,于+0.75V出峰,在20.～10.0μg/ml范围内有线性。相对标准偏差为2.60％。检测限为70ng/ml,该电极具有很强的抗干扰能力。用此方法直接测定氨基酸药物样品中的色氨酸,结果良好。     

抑制型离子色谱法测定白酒中的F~-、CI~-、NO_2~-、H_2PO_4~-、NO_3~-

用抑制型离子色谱法测定白酒中的F~-、cl~-、NO_2~-、H_2PO_4~-、NO_3~-。流动相为4mmoL/L Na_2CO_3-3mmoL/L NaHCO_3混合溶液,流速为1.5mL/min,进样量为0.5mL,在最佳色谱条件下,5种无机阴离子10min内实现基线分离。F~-、cl~-、NO_2~-、H_2PO_4~-、NO_3~-的检出限分别为0.008、0.012、0.030、0.068、0.077mg/L。测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1.86％、1.30％、2.06％、1.82％、1.50％,回收率分别为108.0％、94.0％、101.0％、98.7％、94.4％。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.