三芳胺-吡嗪类供体-受体型聚集诱导发光分子的合成及性能表征综合创新实验

为了提升学生的基础有机合成技能及综合实验创新能力,介绍了一类含三芳胺及吡嗪单元的供体-受体型聚集诱导发光分子的合成、性能表征及分析。通过本综合创新实验的学习,学生将进一步了解有机荧光材料,尤其是聚集诱导发光材料的发光机理及潜在应用。本实验不仅有利于提升学生在减压蒸馏、萃取、干燥和柱层析分离等操作方面的实验技能,也将进一步促进其对核磁共振仪、高分辨质谱仪、紫外-可见吸收光谱仪及稳态-瞬态荧光光谱仪等仪器的熟悉和掌握。最终,通过课堂理论及综合实验学习的相互结合,进一步拓展学生视野并锻炼学生综合创新实验能力,为培养其良好的科学研究素养奠定基础。     

BODIPY基荧光探针的合成、表征及对铜离子的检测——推荐一个大学综合化学实验

介绍了一个大学综合化学实验——BODIPY基荧光探针的合成、表征及对铜离子的检测。该实验是一个科研转化的大学生综合化学实验,内容包括3,5-二氯BODIY的合成、BODIPY基荧光探针分子的合成,以及利用紫外-可见分光光度计和荧光光谱仪检测目标分子对金属离子的响应性。通过本实验,使学生了解BODIPY基荧光传感器这一科研前沿领域,激发学生对科学研究的兴趣,培养学生的科研探究能力。本实验综合了有机化学、仪器分析和应用波谱学知识点的学习,培养学生的实验操作技能,提升学生的综合及创新能力,建议纳入高年级综合化学实验课程。     

碲化镉量子点自组装膜的构建及其对溶菌酶的界面传感

利用自组装膜(SAMs)技术在石英片表面构建了碲化镉量子点SAMs.考察了组装液浓度、组装时间和聚电解质组装层数等组装条件对膜发光性能的影响,并用紫外可见吸收光谱仪、荧光光谱仪、共聚焦荧光显微镜和原子力显微镜对其进行了表征.基于溶菌酶对该SAMs的荧光具有猝灭效应,建立了一种快速灵敏测定痕量溶菌酶的界面荧光分析法,线性...     

光栅光电直读仪的组装及其应用

(一)前言利用国产光栅光谱仪组装成光电直读仪,国内已有不少单位作过这方面工作,得到了实际应用。有关文献黄本立等同志已作过总结介绍。但组装这类仪器,通常碰到的问题是在光谱仪恒温控制、温度补偿以及电子控制和测量线路等方面。这些问题能否很好解决,关系到仪器整机性能的好坏,甚至影响到仪器能否正常工作。针对上述情况,我们组装光栅光电直读仪着重考虑了仪器局部恒温控制,光栅微调机构的设计和加工,以及电子线路的改进等方面。并应用转盘电极溶液分析技术,进行了铀矿石定量分析的研究。 (二)仪器概况 1.光学系统:组装采用国产W-100型一     

苯乙炔配位聚合及光热性能研究——推荐一个绿色高分子化学综合实验

介绍一个绿色高分子化学综合实验.在水相中,苯乙炔通过有机铑配合物催化聚合得到聚苯乙炔,利用红外光谱仪、核磁共振仪、紫外-可见分光光度计、荧光光谱仪和热重分析仪对其结构和光热性能进行研究.本实验难度适中,可以通过溶剂为可变因素展开分析讨论,引导学生主动思考.实验内容涵盖高分子化学、应用波谱学和聚合物仪器分析与表征等知识点.本实验的实施不仅可提升学生的综合运用专业知识能力,还可培养学生系统的科研思维和环保意识.     

便携式能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪在土壤检测中定方法研究

能量色散X荧光光谱仪至今还没有形成统一的国家检定规程.因此,根据仪器的实际检定要求,参考相关仪器的检定规程,对能量色散X荧光光谱仪的检定方法进行了深入的研究和探讨,提出了能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪的检定方法.     

农业院校研究创新性化学实验的设计——绿色水热法快速制备荧光碳点

结合农业院校特色和应用化学类专业特点,将科研成果转化为实验教学内容,设计"绿色水热法快速制备荧光碳点"的创新性化学实验。通过本实验项目,学生可了解水热法和碳点相关制备方法及表征技术,掌握透射电镜、荧光光谱仪等大型仪器的结构、原理及操作技能,增强学生的基础知识和实验技能;同时将当前的研究热点引入到实验教学中,激发了学生的探究心理与学习热情,开阔了学生视野,有利于培养学生发掘身边可用资源的科研思维和创新实践能力,提高了学生解决实际问题的能力,开启了农业院校研究型创新化学实验教学模式的新思路。     

X射线荧光光谱分析的新进展

本文对X射线荧光光谱分析的光谱仪器、数学校正、计算机的应用、状态分析等最新进展进行了评述,并提出X射线荧光光谱仪的今后发展,附58篇参考文献。     

以异硫氰酸荧光素为指示剂的pH荧光自组装传感膜

利用自组装膜技术在石英片表面构建了异硫氰酸荧光素自组装膜(FITC SAMs)。考察了组装液浓度、组装时间等组装条件对膜发光性能的影响,并用紫外可见吸收光谱仪、荧光光谱仪、共聚焦荧光显微镜对其进行了表征。研究结果表明,当γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷水溶液浓度为4%(V/V),组装时间为6 h;异硫氰酸荧光素乙醇溶液浓度为5.0×10"5mol/L,组装时间为12 h时,组装效果最好。基于H+对该SAMs的荧光强度有猝灭效应,建立了一种快速灵敏检测溶液pH的界面荧光分析法,线性响应范围为pH 1.14～5.05。所制备的SAMs具有良好的可逆性和稳定性,膜的响应信号在30 s内就可达到稳态响应的95%,2 min内达到平衡,膜在干燥避光处放置半年后,仍可正常检测。     

模块化自组装高效毛细管电泳教学仪的研制及实验教学应用

报道了一种新型仪器分析实验教学仪--“模块化自组装高效毛细管电泳教学仪”的研制及其在实验教学中的应用。对教学仪的结构设计、仪器组装和制作、工作原理以及教学应用实例进行了详细阐述和讨论。相比于目前教学中使用的商品化的高效毛细管电泳仪,该教学仪具有简单直观、模块化、自组装、价格低廉、便于推广的特点,能有效地将理论知识与对应的实践课程相结合,学生通过对仪器的动手组装深入了解其构造及功能,掌握分离原理和熟悉仪器操作,达到了提高教学效果和培养学生综合能力的目的。     

Application of laser-induced optical fiber fluorimetry to the analysis of ultralow level of uranium

A laser-induced optical fiber fluorimetry has been reported for the analysis of ultralow level of uranium. The fluorescence spectrometer includes five major components: a pulsed nitrogen laser, optical fibers, an optrode, a detector, and a boxcar. The fluorescence intensity of uranyl ions is linear with respect to the concentration of uranium. The detection limit of uranium in 1M phosphoric acid is 24 ppb. This technique can be used for the remote, on-line measurement of low level uranium.     

Miniaturized liquid core waveguide-based fluorimetric detection cell for capillary separation methods: application in CE of amino acids

A miniaturized post-column fluorimetric detection cell for capillary separation methods based on optical fibers and liquid core waveguides (LCWs) is described. The main part of the detection cell is a fused-silica capillary coated with Teflon AF serving as an LCW. The optical fibers are used both for coupling the excitation source with the detection domain in the LCW and for the axial fluorescence collection from the LCW end. The latter fiber is connected with a compact CCD spectrometer that serves for the rejection of the scattered excitation light and for the fluorescence signal detection. The proposed design offers a compact fluorescence detector for various microcolumn separation techniques without optical elements such as filters or objectives. Moreover, its construction and optical adjustment are very simple and the whole system is highly miniaturized. The function of the detection cell is demonstrated by CE of amino acids labelled by fluorescein-based tags. Separations of different standard amino acid mixtures and plasma samples are presented. The comparison of plasma amino acid levels of individuals being in good health with those of patients with inherited metabolic disorders is also shown.     

多荧光光纤传感器及其在混合溶剂检测中的应用

微纳光纤与其他微纳结构的集成可以拓展荧光光纤传感器检测范围和集成度,是光纤传感领域的研究热点。目前,国际上关于荧光光纤传感器这一领域的研究还处于单一检测物荧光响应的阶段,对多检测物的多通道荧光响应仍存在很大挑战。本文结合微纳光纤的光波导性能以及有机荧光材料的光功能特性,制备了能够同时激发和收集多种荧光的微纳光纤,并将之应用于高性能荧光光纤传感器的制备。通过选用不同荧光波长的有机材料与凝胶掺杂,制备了多荧光发射的光纤涂层材料,可控构筑了多组分荧光检测剂掺杂凝胶涂层。利用荧光光谱结合色度图分析,确定检测物与色坐标的关系,实现了多检测物的多通道荧光响应,为实现多荧光光纤传感器的可控构筑提供了有益的借鉴和指导意义。     

便携式微型液相色谱仪的研制

该工作报道了一种自行设计研制的便携式微型液相色谱仪(portable micro liquid chromatograph, p-μLC)。p-μLC集成了二元大推力注射泵作为流动相驱动装置、毛细管整体柱为分离介质和紫外-可见/荧光两用流通池为在线检测单元。自行设计研制的二元大推力注射泵可以实现等度/梯度洗脱和流动相再装填功能,可控流速范围在0.025 μL/min到5.6 mL/min之间;自制的甲基丙烯酸酯C-18有机聚合物毛细管整体微柱可实现自有机小分子至生物大分子的分离;自行研制的光纤式紫外-可见/荧光两用流通池,可以通过光纤导入来自光源的紫外光和可见光,并采集透射光和与入射光反方向射出的荧光信号,流通池内使用自聚焦透镜和全反射光导毛细管等器件提高通光效率和吸收光程;两用流通池通过光纤分别连接由大功率发光二极管/脉冲氙灯光源和微型光栅光谱仪所组成的检测装置进行在线吸收和荧光光谱检测,检测波长范围为220~700 nm。p-μLC采用整体手提箱式结构,流路模块、检测模块等位于下主箱体中,采集、控制模块等位于上盖中,全重不超过8 kg。仪器由装载了自编控制采集软件的内置平板电脑进行控制和数据采集。使用自行制备的甲基丙烯酸酯C-18有机聚合物毛细管整体柱,在等度洗脱模式下,在p-μLC上分离了烷基苯化合物混合样品,其分离检测效果可以与商品化大型HPLC仪器相媲美。     

A simple and compact fluorescence detection system for capillary electrophoresis and its application to food analysis

A novel fluorescence detection system for CE was described and evaluated. Two miniature laser pointers were used as the excitation source. A Y‐style optical fiber was used to transmit the excitation light and a four‐branch optical fiber was used to collect the fluorescence. The optical fiber and optical filter were imported into a photomultiplier tube without any extra fixing device. A simplified PDMS detection cell was designed with guide channels through which the optical fibers were easily aligned to the detection window of separation capillary. According to different requirements, laser pointers and different filters were selected by simple switching and replacement. The fluorescence from four different directions was collected at the same detecting point. Thus, the sensitivity was enhanced without peak broadening. The fluorescence detection system was simple, compact, low‐cost, and highly sensitive, with its functionality demonstrated by the separation and determination of red dyes and fluorescent whitening agents. The detection limit of rhodamine 6G was 7.7 nM (S/N = 3). The system was further applied to determine illegal food dyes. The CE system is potentially eligible for food safety analysis.     

Solid phase microextraction with matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization introduction to mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry

Solid phase microextraction (SPME) with matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) introduction was coupled to mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry. Nicotine and myoglobin in matrix 2,5-dihydroxybenzonic acid (DHB), enkephalin and substance P in alpha-cyano-4-hydroxy cinnaminic acid were investigated as the target compounds. The tip of an optical fiber was silanized for extraction of the analytes of interest from solution. The optical fiber thus served as the sample extraction surface, the support for the sample plus matrix, and the optical pipe to transfer the laser energy from the laser to the sample. The MALDI worked under atmospheric pressure, and both an ion mobility spectrometer and a quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometer were used for the detection of the SPME/MALDI signal. The spectra obtained demonstrate the feasibility of the SPME with MALDI introduction to mass spectrometry instrumentation.     

小型波长检测型表面等离子体共振分析仪的设计与研制

小型波长检测型表面等离子体共振(SPR)分析仪采用固定光的入射角,监测共振波长变化的测量模式,可进行多波长同时测量.设计并组装了SPR分析仪中的微型光纤光谱仪,采用光导纤维输入被测光,固定全息衍射光栅分光,线阵CCD光电传感器检测,可检测的波长范围是500～900 nm,分辨率0.23 nm.自行编制了控制传感器数据采...     

发光二极管诱导荧光用于毛细管电泳检测

利用发光二极管作为激发光源，组装了用于毛细管电泳的荧光检测器。光纤用于传输荧光信号；光纤端面修饰成球形使耦合效率比平面端光纤提高了50．8％；光阑、光纤及毛细管检测池之间的光学校准简单、便捷。荧光素染料用于评价该体系性能，得到了fmol的质量检出限。     

Selective interactions of concanavalin A at lipid membranes on the surface of an optical fiber

An optical configuration was developed for sampling fluorescence coupled into an optical fiber from evanescent wave excitation of fluorescent materials at a lipid membrane on a quartz fiber surface. Selective interactions of pyrene-labelled concanavalin A located on a phosphatidyl choline-cholesterol lipid membrane with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled dextran in bulk aqueous solution were monitored by the intrinsic fluorescence sensing configuration. Monosialoganglioside, G(M1), was employed as a receptor in a phospholipid membrane on an optical fiber for selective measurement of pyrene-labelled concanavalin A in solution. Quantitative measurement was hindered by non-selective adsorption of cancanavalin A, but the potential for use of a lipid membrane in a fluorometric biosensor was established.     

Fiber optic evanescent field sensors for gaseous species using MIR transparent fibers

A new method of optical gas sensing is presented which uses evanescent waves of optical fibers. Gas detection can be done in a simple, flexible, and possibly distributed way using a single optical fiber as both the sensor with an active element of 10 cm and the transmission line for optical signals. The detection of several single gaseous species — such as hexane, trichloro-trifluoro-ethane, methane, acetone, etc. — as well as gaseous mixtures in a concentration range of 1–10% could be achieved with an average reproducibility of 2–3% with a chalcogenide fiber optic coupled to an IFS 88 Bruker spectrometer.