氢化物发生-冷阱捕获-色谱分离-原子吸收法测定天然水中砷的形态

研究建立了氢化物发生－冷阱捕获－色谱分离－原子吸收方法测定天然水中四种主要砷形态。测试系统自行组装，色谱住填料采用ChromosorbGAW－DMCS（粒径0．3～0．45mm），其上涂布3％OV－101。方法的检出限以砷计分别为：As（V）0．51ng，As（Ⅲ）0．43ng，MMA0．38ng，DMA067ng；12ng砷标准偏差As（Ⅴ）4．21％，As（Ⅲ）3．56％，MMA3．23％，DMA5．46％。在0～50ng砷量范围标准曲线线性关系良好。该法适用性广，已用于湖水、河水、海水和地下水等不同水样神形态测定，加标回收率93．5％～104．9％。给出了上述水样四种砷形态的分析结果。     

衍生化气相色谱－质谱法测定水中的路易氏剂及砷酸

本文研究了用气相色谱－质谱法测定水中微量路易氏剂及砷。在酸性条件下，路易氏剂及水解产物２，３－二巯基丙醇迅速反应形成挥发性的衍生物，大大提高了测定灵敏度。用选择性离子检测定量，最小检测量为每升水中１μｇ。路易氏剂的加标回收率为９５．６２％～１０５．８８％之间，砷的加标回收率为９６．３５％～１０６．０３％之间。     

衍生化气相色谱—质谱法测定水中的路易氏剂及砷酸

本文研究了用气相色谱－质谱法测定水中微量路易氏剂及砷。在酸性条件下，路易氏剂及水解产物２，３－二巯基丙醇迅速反应形成挥发性的衍生物，大大提高了测定灵敏度。用选择性离子检测定量，最小检测量为每升水中１μｇ，路易氏剂的加标回收率为９５．６２％～１０５．８８％之间，砷的加标回收率为９６．３５％～１０６．０３％之间。     

微波灰化-原子荧光光谱法测定植物油中的砷

本文对植物油中砷的测定方法进行了研究。采用微波灰化对植物油进行前处理，用氢化物原子荧光光谱法对植物油进行测定。探讨了微波灰化条件对砷测定的影响，研究了样品酸度和还原剂浓度对氢化物发生的影响。砷的检出限可达0．2ng／mL，相对标准偏差为0．96％～2．75％，回收率为84％～102％。     

氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定虾中砷和汞

建立了氢化物原子荧光法同时测定虾中砷和汞的方法。研究了样品前处理及实验条件对测定砷、汞的原子荧光强度的影响，并探讨了共存离子对测定砷、汞的干扰和消除的方法。本方法具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高等优点，砷和汞的检出限分别为0．026μg/L和0．020μg／L；相对标准偏差分别为1．7％～9．4％和1．2％～9．4％；回收率为98％～106％。     

高压釜消解-氢化物发生原子荧光光度法测定土壤中的砷、硒

对高压釜密封消解一氢化物发生原子荧光法测定土壤中砷、硒的方法进行了研究。采用HNO3-HClO4作消解剂，在最佳的消解条件和测定条件下，测定砷、硒的线性回归方程分别为I=244．1c 1．03、I=88．26c 2．86．线性范围均为0．50～10．00μg／L，相关系数均为0．9999，检出限均为0．0002μg/mL。测定土壤中砷、硒的回收率分别为90％～105％、89％～104％，RSD分别为2．2％～4．0％、1．9％～3．1％。     

微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定塑料原料及其制品中的砷、汞

采用微波消解进行样品前处理，以硫脲为预还原剂，用氢化物发生原子荧光法测定塑料原料及其制品中的砷、汞。测定砷和汞的线性范围均为0～8μg／L，砷、汞的检出限分别为0．005、0．076μg／L，测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为4.96％～7．38％、2．94％～7．20％(n=6)，回收率分别为92．0％～103．2％、92．0％～98.0％。     

氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定水中微量砷和硒

研究了氢化物发生-原子荧光光度法测定水中微量砷和硒的方法。结果表明,检出限:砷为0.0518μg/L,硒为0.0524μg/L;11次测定的相对标准偏差为0.36％～0.62％;标准回收率:砷为96.8％～100.9％;硒为95.9％～103.7％。方法简便、快速、灵敏,适于生活饮用水、地表水和水源水中微量砷、硒的同时测定。     

固相萃取/高效液相色谱法对饲料中阿散酸、硝苯砷酸和洛克沙砷的同时测定

采用强阴离子固相萃取柱净化样品,建立了固相萃耳更／高效液相色谱法同时测定饲料中的阿散酸、硝苯砷酸和洛克沙砷的分析方法。研究了固相萃取吸附条件、洗脱条件,并对提取剂进行了优化。阿散酸、硝苯砷酸和洛克沙砷的定量线性范围为0．5～50mg／L,线性相关系数均大于0．999;检出限阿散酸为0．095mg／kg、硝苯砷酸为0．18mg／kg、洛克沙砷为0．19mg／kg;保留时间的相对标准偏差（RSD）不大于0．51％。样品中3个添加水平的平均回收率为阿散酸80％～83％,RSD为1．0％～3．8％;硝苯砷酸76％～81％,RSD为1．2％～4．6％;洛克沙砷74％～84％,RSD为1．4％-5．5％。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定合金钢中痕量砷的干扰抑制

研究了石墨炉原子吸收法测定合金钢中痕量砷的实验条件和干扰抑制方法。在合金钢样品溶液中加入硝酸镍溶液作基体改进剂，不仅提高了砷的灰化温度，而且提高了测定灵敏度。砷的含量与吸光度呈良好的线性关系，线性相关系数r=0．9846。测定结果的相对标准偏差小于6．5％，加标回收率为95％～106％。检出限为0．01ug／mL。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.