The synthesis of ZnS hollow nanospheres with nanoporous shell

ZnS hollow nanospheres with nanoporous shell were successfully synthesized through the evolvement of ZnO nanospheres which were synthesized by hydrothermal method with poly (sodium-p-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) as surfactant at low temperature. The as-synthesized samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV/vis spectrum and N₂ adsorption. The results showed that the shell of as-synthesized ZnS hollow structure was composed of many fine crystallites and had a nanoporous structure with pore diameter about 4 nm demonstrated by N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherm. The sample possessed efficiency of photocatalytic degradation on X-containing (X=Cl, Br, I) organic pollutants.     

三元添加剂水溶液体系合成亚微米硫化锌空心球

利用仿生合成方法,通过加入一定量的引发剂使甲基丙烯酸原位聚合,在聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚甲基丙烯酸(PMAA)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)的三元添加剂混合溶液体系中控制了合成硫化锌晶体,提出了一种简单易行的合成硫化锌空心球的新方法.采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)及紫外吸收光谱等手段对合成样品的形貌、结构及性能进行了表征.TEM结果显示,ZnS空心球的直径约为300～400nm,其壳层的厚度约为50nm.SEM结果显示,空心球的外壳是由初级纳米粒子定向熔合排列形成的蠕虫状结构紧密组装而成.由于相应的胶束结构的改变,表面活性剂SDS浓度的变化明显改变了ZnS产物的形貌,在较高浓度的SDS溶液中得到了ZnS片状晶体的球形聚集体.利用核-壳机理初步解释了空心球结构的形成过程.     

SBA-15模板法合成硫化锌纳米束及其光电性能

以乙基黄酸锌(ZnR2)作为单分子前驱体, SBA-15作为模板, 合成高度有序的ZnS纳米束, 并通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、热重-差热分析(TG-DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、N2吸附-脱附、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱、荧光光谱和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等一系列手段对其形貌、结构及性能进行表征. 结果表明, 此阵列具有高度有序的六方介孔结构, 同时具有类似于母模板的纤维状形貌. 采用一种简单的交流电场辅助的方法把纳米束组装到电极上, 然后通过半导体表征仪器进行测试, 表征结果发现单束ZnS纳米束呈现出非线性的整流行为, 在紫外光照射下, 其电流-电压(I-V)曲线发生了很大的变化, 说明利用它们组装的纳米器件具有良好的光开关效应,并对整流及光响应机理进行了解释.     

ZnS纳米球的水热法制备及其光催化性能研究

在表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的辅助下,以乙酸锌为锌源,硫脲(NH2)2CS为硫源,使用水热法通过改变反应时间,成功制备了不同粒径的ZnS球状颗粒。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线能谱,高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM))、紫外可见分光光谱和光致发光谱(PL)等测试手段对样品的晶体结构、形貌、光学性质进行了分析。通过对不同粒径的ZnS纳米颗粒对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解的催化活性进行了评估。实验结果表明:在表面活性剂CTAB的作用下,随着反应时间的增加,生成的ZnS晶核生长成纳米颗粒,然后ZnS纳米颗粒将进一步发生团聚从而形成平均粒径超过500nm的ZnS纳米球,但制备的ZnS产物的晶体结构均为立方纤锌矿结构。随着ZnS粒径的增加,样品的紫外吸收峰从418nm逐渐蓝移到362nm,而PL发射峰位的峰强随着粒径的增大而增强。光催化结果显示,反应12h制备的ZnS纳米球的光催化性能最佳。     

dl‐Aspartic Acid‐Mediated Hydrothermal Synthesis of β‐ZnS Microspheres and Their Optical Properties

ZnS hollow microspheres were synthesized by a dl ‐aspartic acid mediated hydrothermal route. dl ‐aspartic acid plays an important role as crystal growth soft template, which regulates the release of Zn²⁺ ions for the formation of ZnS hollow spheres. The formation of these hollow spheres was mainly attributed to an Ostwald ripening process. The products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), electron diffraction (ED), UV/Vis spectroscopy (UV), and photoluminescence (PL). The shells of the microspheres were composed of ZnS quantum dots (QDs) with the average size of 2.31 nm. The average microspheres diameter is 0.5–3.5 μm. The shell thickness of the hollow sphere is ≈?300 nm. The optical bandgap energy increased significantly compared to the bulk ZnS material due to the strong quantum confinement effect. Two strong emissions at ≈?425 nm and ≈?472 nm in the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of ZnS hollow microspheres indicate strong quantum confinement because of the presence of QDs.     

ZnS纳米球的水热法制备及其光催化性能研究

在表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的辅助下,以乙酸锌为锌源,硫脲(NH₂)₂CS为硫源,使用水热法通过改变反应时间,成功制备了不同粒径的ZnS球状颗粒.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱,高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM))、紫外可见分光光谱和光致发光谱(PL)等测试手段对样品的晶体结构、形貌、光学性质进行了分析.通过对不同粒径的ZnS纳米颗粒对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解的催化活性进行了评估.实验结果表明:在表面活性剂CTAB的作用下,随着反应时间的增加,生成的ZnS晶核生长成纳米颗粒,然后ZnS纳米颗粒将进一步发生团聚从而形成平均粒径超过500nm的ZnS纳米球,但制备的ZnS产物的晶体结构均为立方纤锌矿结构.随着ZnS粒径的增加,样品的紫外吸收峰从418nm逐渐蓝移到362nm,而PL发射峰位的峰强随着粒径的增大而增强.光催化结果显示,反应12h制备的ZnS纳米球的光催化性能最佳.     

亲油性ZnS纳米微粒的合成

纳米微粒具有小尺寸效应、表面效应、量子效应和宏观量子隧道效应等一系列普通材料所不具备的特性 ,因而引起科技工作者的广泛重视 ,成为材料科学研究的热点 .制备纳米微粒的方法很多 [1～ 7] ,但由于纳米微粒的小尺寸效应及表面效应 ,通常制备的无机纳米微粒极易团聚 ,而且无机纳米微粒的非油溶性使其在摩擦学领域的应用受到很大限制 .本文采用表面修饰 [8～ 11] 方法 ,通过共沉淀的竞争反应 ,制备了表面为有机修饰剂双十六烷基二硫代磷酸 (DDP)修饰的无机 Zn S纳米微粒 ,并用红外光谱、 X射线光电子能谱和透射电子显微镜等分析手段对表…     

核壳结构CdS/ZnS纳米微粒的制备与光学特性

CdS and CdS/ZnS core-shell structure nano particles were synthesized in micro emulsion, and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV absorption spectra and PL. The average diameter of CdS was about 3.3 nm, and CdS/ZnS core-shell structure was confirmed by XRD and UV. Considering the optical properties of CdS/ZnS core-shell structure nanoparticles which have different ZnS shell thickness, the UV absorption edge of CdS/ZnS becomes as lightred-shift with the thickness of ZnS layer increasing, and the absorption of shortwave band is strongly enhanced at the same time. The PL spectra indicate that ZnS shell layer can greatly eliminate surface defects of CdS nanoparticles and make its band-edge directed recombination increased, and the luminous efficiency of CdS is improved greatly when it has appropriate shell thickness.     

Facile route to synthesize multiwalled carbon nanotube/zinc sulfide heterostructures: optical and electrical properties

A simple method to decorate the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with ZnS nanospheres has been developed. The method involves ultrasonic pretreatment and heat treatments of MWCNTs, zinc chloride, and thiourea in ethanol. The heterostructures have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Comparative experiments show that both ultrasonic treatment and heat treatment are necessary for synthesizing the MWCNTs/ZnS heterostructures. Moreover, a photoluminescence spectrum shows that the MWCNTs/ZnS heterostructures feature a broad blue emission at about 430 nm, indicating that there exists significant ground-state interaction between ZnS nanospheres and MWCNTs. Meanwhile, the current-voltage characteristic of the MWCNTs/ZnS exhibits clear rectifying behavior, revealing charge transfer between MWCNTs and ZnS nanospheres.     

ZnS nanosheets: Egg albumin and microwave-assisted synthesis and optical properties

ZnS nanosheets were prepared via egg albumin and microwave-assisted method. The phases, crystalline lattice structures, morphologies, chemical and optical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), field-emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy and fluorescence(FL) spectrometer and growth mechanism of ZnS nanosheets was investigated. The results showed that all samples were pure cubic zinc blende with polycrystalline structure. The width of ZnS nanosheets with a rectangular nanostructure was in the range of 450–750 nm. The chemical interaction existed between egg albumin molecules and ZnS nanoparticles via the amide/carboxylate group. The band gap value calculated was 3.72 eV. The band at around 440 nm was attributed to the sulfur vacancies of the ZnS nanosheets. With increasing volumes of egg albumin, the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of ZnS samples firstly increased and then decreased, attributed to concentration quenching.     

花状ZnO/ZnS异质结构的简易合成、结构表征及光催化活性

采用简便的两步溶液相化学方法,在较低温度下(80℃),制备出了花状的ZnO/ZnS异质结构。分别利用X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见光谱仪等测试手段对所制备的样品进行表征,结果表明ZnO/ZnS异质结构是由花状ZnO纳米结构和ZnS纳米粒子组成。在光降解罗丹明B(RhB)的测试中,ZnO/ZnS异质结构样品体现出了比ZnO前驱物和商业P25光催化剂更高的光催化效率,这主要可归因于异质结构更有利于电子-空穴的有效分离。ZnO/ZnS光催化剂体现出良好的循环稳定性。     

One-pot synthesis of ZnS/polymer composites in supercritical CO2-ethanol solution and their applications in degradation of dyes

A facile method to decorate the polymeric hollow spheres with ZnS nanoparticles has been presented. In this method, the precursors, Zn(Ac)(2)H(2)O and CH(3)CSNH(2), were first adsorbed by the polymer substrate in supercritical CO(2)-ethanol solution at 35 degrees C. Followed by heating the mixture at 100 degrees C for 2 h, ZnS/polymer composites were obtained. The as-produced ZnS/polymer composites were characterized by means of IR spectra, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It was demonstrated that crystalline ZnS nanoparticles with size of 3-5 nm were uniformly decorated on the polymer spheres under suitable conditions. The resultant ZnS/polymer composites exhibited high efficiency for degrading eosin B, methyl orange and methylene blue under UV light irradiation.     

气-固相还原硫酸盐制备系列硫化物纳米晶

<正>过渡金属硫化物纳米晶因其特异的结构具有量子尺寸效应、小尺寸效应、表面效应等效应,显示出不同于体相材料的光电磁性质,因而成为近年来纳米科学研究的热点[1-3]。几十年来,硫化亚铁(FeS)     

Chelating ligand-mediated synthesis of hollow ZnS microspheres and its optical properties

Monodispersed hollow ZnS microspheres have been successfully synthesized by a facile ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) mediated hydrothermal route. The sizes of the hollow spheres vary from 1.5 to 3.5 microm when the reaction temperature varied from 130 to 230 degrees C. The formation of these hollow spheres is attributed to the oriented aggregation of ZnS nanocrystals around the gas-liquid interface between H(2)S and water. EDTA plays important role as chelating ligand and capping reagent, which regulates the release of Zn(2+) ions for the formation of ZnS hollow spheres. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and Raman spectroscopy. The obtained ZnS hollow spheres show a sharp and photostable UV emission approximately 370 nm, which is attributed to the recombination process associated with interstitial sulfur vacancy.     

Molten-salt Synthesis and Properties of ZnS with Hexagonal Prism Morphology

ZnS with hexagonal prism morphology has been synthesized successfully by molten-salt method with ZnS nanoparticles as precursors, and the ZnS nanoparticles were prepared by one-step solid-state reaction of Zn（CH3COO）2·2H2O with Na2S·9H2O at ambient temperature. Crystal structure and morphology of the product were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and HRTEM. Ultraviolet-visible optical absorption spectrum of the ZnS hexagonal prism shows a distinct red shift from that of bulk ZnS crystals and photoluminescence spectrum exhibits strong emissions at 380 and 500 nm, respectively. Further experiments were designed and the formation mechanism of the ZnS hexagonal prism has been also discussed in brief.     

Synthesis and characterization of high-quality ZnS, ZnS:Mn2+, and ZnS:Mn2+/ZnS (core/shell) luminescent nanocrystals

High-quality ZnS, ZnS:Mn2+, and ZnS:Mn2+/ZnS (core/shell) nanocrystals (NCs) were synthesized via a high-boiling solvent process and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The monodisperse ZnS NCs (size = 8 nm), which self-assembled into several micrometer-sized domains, were achieved by adopting poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in the reaction process (without using a size-selection process). The obtained ZnS:Mn2+ and ZnS:Mn2+/ZnS core/shell NCs are highly crystalline and quasimonodisperse with an average particle size of 6.1 and 8.4 nm, respectively. All of the as-formed NCs can be well dispersed in hexane to form stable and clear colloidal solutions, which show strong visible emission (blue for ZnS and red-orange for ZnS:Mn2+ and ZnS:Mn2+/ZnS) under UV excitation. The growth of a ZnS shell on ZnS:Mn2+ NCs, that is, the formation of ZnS:Mn2+/ZnS core/shell NCs, resulted in a 30% enhancement in the PL intensity with respect to that of bare ZnS:Mn2+ NCs due to the elimination of the surface defects.     

Low-temperature growth and photoluminescence property of ZnS nanoribbons

At a low temperature of 450 degrees C, ZnS nanoribbons have been synthesized on Si and KCl substrates by a simple chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method with a two-temperature-zone furnace. Zinc and sulfur powders are used as sources in the different temperature zones. X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SEAD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis show that the ZnS nanoribbons are the wurtzite structure, and there are two types-single-crystal and bicrystal nanoribbons. Photoluminescence (PL) spectrum shows that the spectrum mainly includes two parts: a purple emission band centering at about 390 nm and a blue emission band centering at about 445 nm with a weak green shoulder around 510 nm.     

PAMAM树形分子为模板低温制备纳米硫化锌空心球

Hollow ZnS spheres have been prepared in the presence of generation 3.5 poly (amidoamine) dendrimers with surface ester groups (G3.5-COOCH3 PAMAM dendrimer) as synthetic matrix template. The products obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-Vis absorption. TEM studies show that the hollow spheres with diameters ranging from 80 to 100 nm are prepared. The range of wall thickness was estimated to be about 20～30 nm. It was found that the concentration of PAMAM dendrimer had a significant influence on the formation of hollow ZnS spheres. The possible formation mechanism of the hollow spherical structure is also discussed.     

Fabrication of ZnS/CdS Heterojunction by Using Bimetallic MOFs Template for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

A new ZnS/CdS heterojunction is constructed through the direct sulfurization of a metal ions exchanged Zn/Cd-MOF precursor(MOF=metal-organic framework material). The composition, structure, morphology, photo-absorption and photoelectric performance of the ZnS/CdS are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), diffuse reflection spectrum(DRS), photoelectric current(PEC), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and photoluminescence(PL) technologies. Since the metal ions are highly orderly separated by the organic ligands and the inherent porosity of the Zn/Cd-MOF, the as-synthesized ZnS/CdS possesses a large surface area and intimate contact at the heterogeneous interface with uniform ZnS/CdS nanoparticles. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of the ZnS/CdS is investigated under visible light irradiation(λ ≥ 420 nm). It exhibits enhanced photocatalytic performance that the optimal ZnS/CdS achieves a maximum average hydrogen production rate of 2348 μmol·h^-1·g^-1. A possible electron transfer mechanism is therefore proposed by the analyses of the Mott-Schottky plots.     

Preparation of TiO2/ZnS core/sheath heterostructure nanotubes via a wet chemical method and their photocatalytic activity

TiO₂/ZnS core/sheath heterostructure nanotubes are prepared via a simple wet chemical method at room temperature. The samples are characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis absorption spectrum. Their photocatalytic activity for degradation of methyl orange under UV illumination is valuated. It is found that the ZnS layer changes with the concentration of precursors. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO₂/ZnS depends not only on the structure of the support (TiO₂ nanotubes) but also on the specific interaction between ZnS and support.