萃取纳升喷雾-离子迁移谱法现场快速筛查化妆品中8种禁用抗生素

采用萃取纳升喷雾结合离子迁移谱技术,建立了化妆品中8种禁用抗生素的现场快速筛查方法。对萃取纳升喷雾毛细管拉制条件、萃取纳升喷雾离子化条件、离子迁移谱检测条件等进行了详细考察和优化。在优化的实验条件下,8种禁用抗生素的方法检出限为20 mg/kg,离子迁移谱分析时间小于20 ms,单个样品全部检测时间不超过30 s。对于筛检出的疑似阳性样品,进一步采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱进行确证。该方法流程简便、快捷高效,为化妆品中违禁组分的现场快速筛查提供了较为广阔的应用前景。     

常压直接离子化-离子迁移谱法快速筛查玩具中4种初级芳香胺

采用常压直接离子化结合离子迁移谱技术,研究并建立了蜡笔、纹身贴纸、液体玩具、手指画颜料、橡皮泥等多种玩具样品中2-萘胺、4-氯-2-甲基苯胺、4-氨基联苯和联苯胺4种初级芳香胺的现场快速筛查方法。样品无需经过繁琐的前处理过程,不同玩具样品采用纸喷雾、纳升萃取喷雾等常压直接离子化方法,将取样、萃取、电离等步骤集成为一步实现,并在12ms内完成离子迁移谱的仪器分析检测,4种初级芳香胺的方法检出限在0.5~2mg/kg之间。对于经离子迁移谱快速筛检出的疑似阳性样品,同时还建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱确证方法。本方法快速便捷,适用于玩具质量安全现场快速筛查检测。     

原位电离-离子迁移谱法现场快速筛查玩具中5种酚类化合物北大核心CSCD

采用原位电离-离子迁移谱法现场快速筛查玩具中5种酚类化合物。玩具样品无需前处理,采用萃取纳升喷雾或纸喷雾原位电离方式,在11 ms内完成离子迁移谱法的检测,5种酚类化合物的检出限(3S/N)在0.5~1.5mg·kg^(-1)之间。筛查出的疑似阳性样品,进一步采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行确证。     

原位电离-离子迁移谱法现场快速筛查玩具中5种酚类化合物

采用原位电离-离子迁移谱法现场快速筛查玩具中5种酚类化合物。玩具样品无需前处理,采用萃取纳升喷雾或纸喷雾原位电离方式,在11 ms内完成离子迁移谱法的检测,5种酚类化合物的检出限(3S/N)在0.5~1.5mg·kg~(-1)之间。筛查出的疑似阳性样品,进一步采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行确证。     

固相萃取-离子迁移谱法快速筛查祛痘类化妆品中14种抗菌药物

目前,主动性的现场稽查已成为市场监管的发展趋势,这需要在现场快速有效地筛查大量产品,评估是否含有非法添加化学药物,对有嫌疑的样品及时封存,再送至实验室进一步检验。离子迁移谱技术是近年来发展起来的快筛技术之一。实验采用固相萃取-离子迁移谱技术,建立了祛痘类化妆品中14种抗菌药物的快速筛查方法。对离子迁移谱检测条件、样品提取条件、固相萃取净化条件(固相萃取柱、淋洗液种类、洗脱液种类及体积)进行了详细考察与优化。最终使用80%(体积分数)乙腈水溶液(含0.2%(质量分数)三氯乙酸)作为样品提取溶液,提取后上样于活化后的弱阳离子交换柱(Oasis^® MCX固相萃取柱), 3.0 mL甲醇淋洗,1.0 mL 2%氨水甲醇洗脱,洗脱液直接进离子迁移谱检测。14种抗菌药物的迁移时间在11~17 ms之间,检出限为0.2~1.2 μg/g。同时,由于离子迁移谱法线性范围较窄,不能准确定量,建立了高效液色谱(HPLC)定量方法,用于固相萃取前处理步骤的优化和阳性样品的验证。25批化妆品样品中,筛查出1批阳性样品,与HPLC检测结果相符。该方法快速、简便、高效,显著降低了祛痘类化妆品基质对离子迁移谱检测14种抗菌药物的干扰,提高了检测灵敏度,有效降低了假阳性和假阴性的发生,可用于化妆品现场快速筛查,同时也扩大了离子迁移谱在化妆品等复杂基质中非法添加化学药物检测的应用范围。     

热解吸-电晕放电电离-离子迁移谱法现场快速筛查化妆品中5种禁用组分

采用热解吸-电晕放电电离技术结合离子迁移谱，研究建立了化妆品中5种禁用卡因类化合物的现场快速筛查方法。化妆品样品无需前处理步骤，样品轻轻蘸取、滴加或喷雾在采样拭纸上，置于离子源样品槽中，采用热解吸-电晕放电电离技术实现样品中待测物的热解吸和离子化，随后以离子迁移谱进行快速筛查分析。5种卡因类化合物的检出限为10~50 ng，离子迁移谱分析时间小于20 ms，整个样品分析周期不超过1 min。本方法简便、快速、成本低廉，适用于化妆品中卡因类禁用组分的现场快速筛查。     

基于纳升电喷雾-便携式离子阱质谱的苯扎氯铵快检方法

采用纳升电喷雾源(Nano-ESI)-便携式离子阱质谱(Portable Ion Trap MS)建立了滴眼液杀菌成分苯扎氯铵(BAC)的快速检测方法。在正离子模式下,将滴眼液样品稀释后注入纳升电喷雾源的毛细管,毛细管出口与离子阱质谱进样口距离为10 mm、喷雾电压为2000 V;毛细管电压,毛细管温度和离子漏斗电压分别设为5 V,30℃和40 V。用3种苯扎氯铵的[M-Cl]+峰作为定性判据;用纯物质配制溶液制作定量分析校准曲线。3种苯扎氯铵校准曲线的线性范围1～500 mg/L,相关性系数(R2 0.99);用11次空白样品测试结果评估方法检出限和定量限为0.1,0.33 mg/L,满足限量判定要求。4种实际样品中3类BAC的定量测定结果同高效液相色谱-质谱法无显著性差异。该方法无需联用色谱,分析时间仅为2 min,可应用于滴眼液等保健品中添加剂苯扎氯铵的快速筛查。     

电喷雾离子迁移谱检测氨基酸及多肽的研究

建立了氨基酸及多肽的电喷雾离子迁移谱检测方法.采用自制的电喷雾离子迁移谱装置,在室温条件下以甲醇为溶剂,空气为漂移气体,流速为1000 mL/min,电喷液流速为2 mL/min,测试了甘氨酸、胱氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸4种氨基酸及缓激肽片段(1~7)和P物质2种多肽的离子迁移谱,计算出上述化合物的约化迁移率.离子迁移谱图反映出化合物的结构信息,具有指纹谱特征.此装置在1 min的检测时间内对P物质的检测灵敏度达到855 ng/mL.结果表明,电喷雾离子迁移谱可用于氨基酸及多肽类化合物的现场快速鉴定.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定玩具中的16种致癌和致敏染料

建立了同时测定玩具中16种致癌和致敏染料(酸性红26、碱性红9、分散蓝1、酸性紫49、分散蓝3、溶剂黄1、分散蓝106、分散橙3、分散黄3、碱性紫1、碱性紫3、分散红1、溶剂黄3、分散蓝124、溶剂黄2、分散橙37)的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。纺织品、皮革、纸张、木材、气球、造型黏土、贴纸、可接触液体等不同类型的玩具材料经超声提取后,以Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(50mm×2.1mm,1.7μm)分离后进行UPLC/MS/MS多反应监测模式下的定性及定量分析。16种致癌和致敏染料的方法检出限为1.0～8.0μg/kg;在5～100μg/kg范围内的低、中、高3个添加水平的平均回收率为81.3%～98.6%;日内精密度均小于11%,日间精密度均小于14%。本方法准确、快速、灵敏度高,可用于玩具的实际检验工作。     

常压敞开式质谱离子源发展趋势

近年来常压敞开式离子源凭借快速、原位、实时离子化样品等优势,被广泛应用于样品快速筛查、真伪鉴定、质谱成像等领域,已成为当今离子源的研究热点,受到了学术界及仪器制造、化学和生物分析等相关产业界的广泛关注。目前,该类离子源朝着克服基体效应、提高样品表面定位能力及增加离子传输距离等方向发展。本文主要介绍了可以很好解决上述问题并具有代表性的三种常压敞开式离子源:电喷雾萃取离子源(EESI)、介质阻挡放电离子源(DBDI)及空气动力辅助离子源(AFAI),重点涉及原理以及在此基础上所做的设计改进和应用进展。     

高效液相色谱-线性离子阱/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法快速筛查和确证纺织品中禁用的偶氮染料

建立了高效液相色谱-线性离子阱/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(HPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS)快速筛查确证纺织品中禁用的偶氮染料的方法。样品在柠檬酸缓冲液中由连二亚硫酸钠还原成芳香胺,经硅藻土提取柱净化后,用Acquity UPLC BEH C18柱(50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)分离,以甲醇和0.1%(v/v)甲酸作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离,高分辨质谱一级全扫描用于筛选分析,数据依赖扫描模式的二级碰撞诱导解离(CID)谱图用于确证,对纺织品样品中的偶氮染料进行定性鉴别。在0.05~2.00 mg/L范围内,21种致癌芳香胺的线性相关系数均大于0.99。通过实际样品的加标回收测定,回收率范围为65.5%~111.5%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.87%~2.49%。该方法的定量限可以达到0.08 mg/kg,可用于纺织品中禁用偶氮染料的实际检验工作。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定纺织品和皮革中偶氮染料释放的致癌芳香胺

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UHPLC-MS/MS)快速测定纺织品和皮革中偶氮染料释放的致癌芳香胺物质的方法。样品前处理采用BS EN 14362-1:2012(纺织品)和ISO 17234-1:2010(皮革)方法,然后采用甲醇定容,再用Eclipse XDB-C18 RRHD色谱柱进行梯度洗脱分离,流动相为甲醇和水;采用电喷雾正离子模式,并用多反应监测模式(MRM)测定,外标法定量。方法优化了色谱分离条件、质谱碎裂电压、碰撞能量等,并考察了不同样品基质对回收率的影响。方法的定量限小于0.2 mg/kg;不同基质不同浓度的加标回收率在70%～120%之间(添加水平为500、1000、1500 μg/L, n=7);相对标准偏差小于15%。该方法的灵敏度远小于欧盟与我国国家标准要求的30 mg/kg,完全满足其定性定量的检测要求,并且检测速度快,选择性好。     

Rapid analysis of pesticide residues in drinking water samples by dispersive solid‐phase extraction based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes and pulse glow discharge ion source ion mobility spectrometry

An analytical method based on dispersive solid‐phase extraction with a multiwalled carbon nanotubes sorbent coupled with positive pulse glow discharge ion mobility spectrometry was developed for analysis of 30 pesticide residues in drinking water samples. Reduced ion mobilities and the mass–mobility correlation of 30 pesticides were measured. The pesticides were divided into five groups to verify the separation capability of pulse glow discharge in mobility spectrometry. The extraction conditions such as desorption solvent, ionic strength, conditions of adsorption and desorption, the amounts of multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and solution pH were optimized. The enrichment factors of pesticides were 5.4‐ to 48.7‐fold (theoretical enrichment factor was 50‐fold). The detection limits of pesticides were 0.01～0.77 μg/kg. The linear range was 0.005–0.2 mg/L for pesticide standard solutions, with determination coefficients from 0.9616 to 0.9999. The method was applied for the analysis of practical and spiked drinking water samples. All results were confirmed by high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The proposed method was proven to be a commendably rapid screening qualitative and semiquantitative technique for the analysis of pesticide residues in drinking water samples on site.     

超高效液相色谱-线性离子阱/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法测定纺织品中的游离态致癌芳香胺

建立了超高效液相色谱-线性离子阱/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS)同时测定纺织品中24种游离态致癌芳香胺的方法。样品经二氯甲烷超声提取并稀释后,用ZORBAX SB-C₁₈色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm, 5 μm)分离,以0.1%甲酸水溶液和甲醇为流动相,电喷雾正离子(ESI⁺)模式电离,以准分子离子峰的精确质量数和保留时间定性,以提取的色谱图峰面积定量。在0.5~500 μg/L范围内,24种芳香胺的线性相关系数(R²) 大于0.99,样品加标回收率为87.8%~105.6%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~3.4%。方法检出限为0.5~1 μg/kg。应用本方法检测山东地区进出口含氨纶纺织品样品14个,在5个样品中检出游离态芳香胺4,4'-二氨基二苯甲烷,含量范围为0.21~25.6 mg/kg。     

Evaluation and validation of an ion mobility quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry pesticide screening approach

An ion mobility quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry‐based pesticide suspect screening methodology was developed and validated covering 20 plant‐derived food matrices deriving from six commodity groups of different complexity according to the actual European Commission document SANTE/11813/2017 applying a QuEChERS sample preparation protocol. The method combines ultra‐performance liquid chromatography, traveling wave ion mobility, and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Besides the determination of the physicochemical property collision cross‐section and the establishment of a corresponding scientific suspect screening database comprising 280 pesticides for several pesticides, different protomers, sodium adducts, as well as dimers were identified in ion mobility spectrometry traces. Additionally, collision cross‐section values were included in the validation requirements regarding chromatography and mass spectrometry for the detection of pesticides. A collision cross‐section value window was analyzed within a tolerable error of ±2%. For this cross‐matrix validation, screening detection limits were determined at concentration levels of 0.100 mg/kg (84% of the original pesticide scope), 0.010 mg/kg (56%), and 0.001 mg/kg (21%). By application of ion mobility spectrometry, the compound identification was improved due to independence of commodity of concern and concentration levels of analyte molecules, as false assignments are reduced by application of a collision cross‐section range.     

LC-ESI/MS/MS method for rapid screening and confirmation of 44 exogenous anabolic steroids in human urine

A sensitive and rapid method based on liquid chromatography-triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI) has been developed and validated for the screening and confirmation of 44 exogenous anabolic steroids (29 parent steroids and 15 metabolites) in human urine. The method involves an enzymatic hydrolysis, liquid-liquid extraction, and detection by LC-MS/MS. A triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer was operated in positive ESI mode with selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode for the screening and product ion scan mode for the confirmation. The protonated molecular ions were used as precursor ions for the SRM analysis and product ion scan. The intraday and interday precisions of the target analytes at concentrations of the minimum required performance levels for the screening were 2-14% and 2-15%, respectively. The limits of detection for the screening and confirmation method were 0.1-10 ng/mL and 0.2-10 ng/mL, respectively, for 44 steroids. This method was successfully applied to analysis of urine samples from suspected anabolic steroid abusers.     

超高效液相色谱-线性离子阱/静电场轨道阱质谱法快速检测化妆品中66种抗生素

采用超高效液相色谱-线性离子阱/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法同时测定化妆品中磺胺类、沙星类等66种抗生素类化合物,建立了快速筛查数据库和定量分析方法。待测物用乙腈超声提取,C18色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm）分离,以0.1%（v/v）甲酸水溶液和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱。在正离子模式下,以保留时间和一级母离子精确质量数进行快速筛查,以高能碰撞诱导解离获得的二级碎片离子精确质量数进行确证。结果表明,化合物的线性关系良好,线性相关系数（R²）>0.99;检出限（LOD）为2~4 μg/kg;定量限（LOQ）为5~10 μg/kg;3个添加水平（1LOQ、10LOQ、30LOQ）的平均回收率为58.2%~119.1%,相对标准偏差为1.03~11.9%。该方法简便快速、定性定量可靠,适用于化妆品中抗生素类化合物的快速筛查和定量检测。     

Comparison of pulse glow discharge‐ion mobility spectrometry and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry based on multiplug filtration cleanup for the analysis of tricaine mesylate residues in fish and water

Analytical methods based on multiplug filtration cleanup coupled with pulse glow discharge‐ion mobility spectrometry and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry were developed for the analysis of tricaine mesylate residue in fish and fish‐raising water samples. A silica fiber holder and an appropriate new interface were designed to make the direct introduction of the fiber into the pulse glow discharge‐ion mobility spectrometry introduction mechanism. The multiplug filtration cleanup method with adsorption mixtures was optimized for the determination of tricaine mesylate in fish samples. Good linear relationships were obtained by the two methods. For fish samples, limits of detection were 6 and 0.6 μg/kg by ion mobility spectrometry and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. The matrix effect of the established liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was negligible for fish samples but that of the ion mobility spectrometry method was not. The two methods were compared. The ion mobility spectrometry system could be used a rapid screening tool on site with the advantage of rapidity, simplicity, and portability, and the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry system could be used for validation in laboratory conditions with the advantage of lower limit of detection, stability, and precision.