新型YS类高分子铑配合物催化甲醇羰基化反应制备乙酸和乙酐

以含有两种不同配位原子的线型或交联大孔球型共聚物为配体的新型铑配合物,能在温和条件下催化甲醇羰基化为乙酸和乙酐.实验结果表明,这些新型共聚物铑配合物具有鳌合型顺-二羰基铑(Ⅰ)的结构特征,并有良好的热稳定性及高的催化活性和选择性.     

顺二羰基铑（Ⅰ）共聚物催化剂的合成,结构与催化甲醇羰基化反应性能的研究

我们曾报道一系列含有两种不同配位基团的高分子共聚物与四羰基二氯二铑形成的顺二羰基铑(Ⅰ)配合物。这些配合物在催化甲醇羰基化反应中显示出高催化活性和高稳定性。本文采用4-乙烯吡啶(Y)和丙烯酸甲酯(B)共聚物为配体,对其与四羰基二氯二铑形成的配合物(YBRh)进行了表征。对该系列配合物催化甲醇羰基化生成乙酸的性能进行了评价。     

丙二酸锂-铑配合物的结构及催化性能研究

本文采用丙二酸锂为配体，与四羰基二氯二铑形成双齿配位的顺二羰基铑配合物，研究表明，在催化甲醇羰基化制乙酸的反应中，该配合物显示出高的活性和选择性。     

吡啶甲酸锂-铑(Ⅰ)配合物催化甲醇羰基化反应

本文采用吡啶甲酸或吡啶二甲酸锂盐为配体,与铑形成顺二羰基配合物,用于催化甲醇羰基化制乙酸。研究表明,与通常的铑配合物相比,该类双金属配合物无论在催化活性或乙酸生成的选择性方面均有明显的提高。     

顺二羰基2－丁酸甲酯基吡啶铑配合物的合成与性能

顺二羰基２－丁酸甲酯基吡啶铑配合物的合成与性能潘平来，柳忠阳，黄茂开，袁国卿（中国科学院化学研究所，北京１０００８０）含有不同配位基团的共聚物配体与铑形成的配合物，在催化甲醇碳基化制备乙酸和乙酐的反应中具有很高的活性和选择性￣［１１］。本文采用含有Ｎ...     

螯合型高分子铑配合物催化甲醇羰基化反应的机理探讨

螯合型高分子铑配合物催化甲醇羰基化反应的机理探讨潘平来，柳忠阳，王晓筠，黄茂开，袁国卿（中国科学院化学研究所，北京１０００８０）１引言甲醇在铑催化剂的作用下，与一氧化碳反应羰基化为乙酸，是一个重要的基本有机合成，反应。在为数众多的催化剂中，锗的配合物...     

2-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺的合成及其与铑(Ⅲ)的高灵敏显色反应的研究

合成了新显色剂2-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-I-PADMA),并研究了其与铑(Ⅲ)的显色反应。结果表明,在pH4.0~6.2的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲介质中,铑(Ⅲ)与5-I-PADMA可形成稳定的1∶2配合物,该配合物呈现2个吸收峰,分别位于557、597 nm处。配合物形成后,以适量HClO4(0.24~5.57 mol.L-1)酸化,可转变为另一种具有较高吸收特性的质子化形体,其吸收峰分别红移至564、613 nm处。表观摩尔吸光系数达ε613=1.86×105L.mol-1.cm-1,铑的质量浓度在0~0.56 mg.L-1范围内符合比尔定律。该法是目前测定痕量铑的高灵敏显色体系之一,且具有良好的选择性。所建立的方法操作简单,应用于催化剂中微量铑的测定,结果满意。     

2-乙烯吡啶-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物与四羰基二氯二铑反应所得配合物的结构与催化甲醇羰基化性能的研究

聚(2-乙烯吡啶—丙烯酸甲酯)共聚物与四羰基二氯二铑形成的配合物是一种催化甲醇羰基化的新型催化剂.本文用X-射线衍射(XRD),光电子能谱(XPS)和红外光谱(IR)对其键合状态进行了表征,并探索了其分子骨架结构与催化甲醇羰基化活性之间的关系.     

新型三甲基乙酸铑(Ⅱ)轴向配合物的合成、结构表征及催化性能

羧酸铑(II)配合物是一类结构独特的同核双金属化合物，通常表现出较高的催化活性和选择性，中心金属铑、配体类型和空间结构都影响其催化性能。本文以三甲基乙酸铑(II)为母体，吡啶-2-基(吡啶-3-基)甲酮(23ma)和二吡啶-2-基甲酮(22ma)为轴向配体，设计合成了2种新型的三甲基乙酸铑(II)轴向配合物。通过¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、 MS、 IR和X-单晶射线衍射对其结构进行表征，并测试了配合物对美罗培南类合成反应的催化性能。结果表明：与母体分子三甲基乙酸铑(II)相比，所合成的轴向配合物在美罗培南类合成体系中因存在溶解性较差等缺点，导致其催化性能均不佳。     

甲醇羰基化的高分子催化剂（PVMRh）的稳定性研究

研究了以交联共聚物（ＰＶＭ）大孔隙树脂为配体的羰基铑配合物的热稳定性和抗空气氧化稳定性．这种类型的高分子铑催化剂不仅比类似的小分子铑配合物在甲醇羰基化反应中有着明显的高活性，而且在稳定性方面亦有着小分子配合物不可比拟的特点。实验结果表明，这类高分子催化剂在空气中的稳定温度达到１７０℃。在空气中室温放置５万小时后，其催化剂仍能保持不变。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

化学计量中不确定度评定研究进展

测量不确定度是表征合理地赋予被测量之值的分散性的参数。本文针对化学计量不确定度评定基础模型仅适用于线性模型、概率分布为正态分布或缩放位移t分布等局限,介绍了近年来不确定度评定的研究热点:蒙特卡罗方法(Monte Carlo Method,MCM),不确定度评定的来源、评定概念、评估方法及其发展过程,扩大了测量不确定度评定与表示的适用范围。     

微量钙的测定方法研究进展

介绍了1995-2006年期间测定微量和痕量钙的方法,如电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法以及离子色谱法等的工作原理和特点,并说明了其测定微量钙的应用领域。并对微量钙的测定技术进行了展望(引用文献55篇)。     

Stages of thermal decomposition of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur

Thermal behaviour of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur: Na₂SO₄, Na₂S₂O₇, Na₂S₂O₆, Na₂SO₃, Na₂S₂O₅, Na₂S₂O₄, Na₂S₂O₃, Na₂S₃O₆ and of sulphides Na₂S and Na₂S₂ was studied on heating up to 1000°C. The experiments were performed with anhydrous compounds obtained from commercial products by recrystallisation and dehydration. The stage mechanisms of decomposition of anionic sub-lattices of the salts have been proposed basing on the Górski’s morphological classification of simple species. The thermal stability and the stage decomposition mechanisms were correlated with the structure and the potential chemical properties of the salt anions. The thermal decomposition processes were studied by means of thermal analysis, and the decomposition products were identified by means of X-ray phase analysis.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.