Effect of diluent and reaction parameter on selective oxidation of propane over MoVTeNb catalyst using nanoflow catalytic reactor

The selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid over an MoVTeNb mixed oxide catalyst, dried and calcined before reaction has been studied using high-throughput instrumentation, which is called nanoflow catalytic reactor. The effects of catalyst dilution on the catalytic performance of the MoVTeNb mixed oxide catalyst in selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid were also investigated. The effects of some reaction parameters, such as gas hourly space velocity （GHSV） and reaction temperature, for selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid over diluted MoVTeNb catalyst have also been studied. The configuration of the nanoflow is shown to be suitable for screen catalytic performance, and its operating conditions were mimicked closely to conventional laboratory as well as to industrial conditions. The results obtained provided very good reproducibility and it showed that preparation methods as well as reaction parameters can play significant roles in catalytic performance of these catalysts.     

Kinetics of the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane over a VMgO Catalyst

The reaction kinetics of the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane was studied at 475-550℃ over a VMgO catalyst. Vanadium-magnesium-oxides are among the most selective and active catalysts for the dehydrogenation of propane to propylene. Selectivity to propylene up to about 60% was obtained at 10% conversion, but the selectivity decreased with increasing conversion. No oxygenates were detected, the only by-products were CO and CO2. The reaction rate of propane was found to be first order in propane and close to zero order in oxygen, which is in agreement with a Mars van Krevelen mechanism with the activation of the hydrocarbon as the rate determining step. The activation energy of the conversion of propane was found to be 122±6 kJ/mol.     

EXTENDED KINETIC ISOTOPE METHOD——ITS APPLICATION TO THE ANALYSIS OF BUTENE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION REACTION NETWORK OVER THREE CATALYSTS

The "Extended Kinetic Isotope Method" (EKIM) is presented in this paper in detail. The EKIM is applied to the analysis of butene oxidative dehydrogenation reaction network over Bi-Mo-P, Sn-P-Li and ferrite catalysts, including reversible isomerization between the three n-butene isomers, selective oxidation of n-butenes to butadiene, and totaI oxidation of n-butenes and butadiene. The reaction orders of selective and total oxidation reactions, as well as the rate constants of the 13 step reactions, have been estimated. From the results obtained, it is suggested that the rate determining step in the selective oxidation of butenes over the Bi-Mo-P and Sn-P-Li catalysts should be the abstraction of first hydrogen to form allyl intermediate. However, over the ferrite catalyst, the second H-abstraction from allyl intermediate rather than the first one might be the rate determining step. Mechanisms of selective oxidation and isomcrization reactions over the three catalysts are also discussed.     

Effect of Bi promoter on the performances of selective oxidation of isobutane to methacrolein over MoVO/AlPO4 catalysts

The effects of Bi on the catalytic performance of selective oxidation of isobutane to methacrolein over MoVO/AlPO4 catalyst were investigated by XRD, FT-Raman, XPS, UV-vis DRS techniques. The results show that the addition of Bi component into the MoVO/AlPO4 catalyst obviously improves the catalytic performance, and the selectivity to methacrolein can increase from 14.2% to 45.1% with the increase of Bi/V molar ratio from 0 to 1. Combining the characterization results with the reaction evaluation, it is concluded that the catalytic activities of the MoV0.3Bix/AlPO4 catalysts are related to the crystalline phase composition and the dispersion of molybdenum and vanadium oxides species in general, and also to the V5+/V4+ molar ratio on the surface in particular.     

Synthesis of a new ordered mesoporous NiMoO4com-plex oxide and its efficient catalytic performance foroxidative dehydrogenation of propane

Highly ordered mesoporous NiMoO4material was successfully synthesized using mesoporous silica KIT-6 as hard template via vacuum nanocasting method. The structure was characterized by means of XRD, TEM, N2adsorption-desorption, Raman and FT-IR. The mesoporous NiMoO4with the coexistence of α-NiMoO4and β-NiMoO4showed well-ordered mesoporous structure, a bimodal pore size distribution and crystalline framework. The catalytic performance of NiMoO4was investigated for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane. It is demonstrated that the mesoporous NiMoO4catalyst with more surface active oxygen species showed better catalytic performance in oxidative dehydrogenation of propane in comparison with bulk NiMoO4.     

Synthesis of a new ordered mesoporous NiMoO4 complex oxide and its efficient catalytic performance for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane

Highly ordered mesoporous NiMoO4material was successfully synthesized using mesoporous silica KIT-6 as hard template via vacuum nanocasting method. The structure was characterized by means of XRD, TEM, N2adsorption-desorption, Raman and FT-IR. The mesoporous NiMoO4with the coexistence of α-NiMoO4and β-NiMoO4showed well-ordered mesoporous structure, a bimodal pore size distribution and crystalline framework. The catalytic performance of NiMoO4was investigated for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane. It is demonstrated that the mesoporous NiMoO4catalyst with more surface active oxygen species showed better catalytic performance in oxidative dehydrogenation of propane in comparison with bulk NiMoO4.     

氧化铝负载的银纳米颗粒高选择性催化合成亚胺(英)

The oxidative dehydrogenation of alcohols to aldehydes catalyzed by Ag nanoparticles supported on Al₂O₃ was studied.The catalyst promoted the direct formation of imines by tandem oxidative dehydrogenation and condensation of alcohols and amines.The reactions were performed under mild conditions and afforded the imines in high yield（up to 99%） without any byproducts other than H₂O.The highest activity was obtained over 5 wt%Ag/Al₂O₃ in toluene with air as oxidant.The reactions were also performed under oxidant-free conditions where the reaction was driven to the product side by the production of H₂ in the gas phase.The use of an efficient and selective Ag catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of alcohol in the presence of amines gives a new green reaction protocol for imine synthesis.     

OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE OVER SrO-La_2O_3/CaO CATALYSTS Ⅳ. EFFECT OF HOT SPOT TEMPERATURE AND CO_2 IN FEED

The phenomenon of hot spot temperature and the effect of CO_2 in thefeed on the catalytic performance were studied in the oxidative coupling ofmethane over the La_2O_3/CaO(LC)and SrO-La_2O_3/CaO(SLC)catalysts.There was an abrupt change in the activity of the catalyst when the reactiontemperature increased from 873 to 923 K if no inert gas was used in the feed.This is mainly caused by the total oxidation of methane,releasing the combus-tion heat and resulting in a local over-heated spot in the catalyst bed.Then thereaction of oxidative coupling of methane was initiated.It is found that the ad-dition of CO_2 in the feed caused a severe effect on the catalytic performances ofthe SLC catalysts,especially if the SrO content was high.But no effect couldbe detected for the LC catalyst.The deactivation of the SLC catalyst is mainlyattributed to the formation of SrCO_3,which is inactive or much less active thanthe surface SrO species and is difficult to dissociate at the reaction condition.     

Selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid over mixed metal oxide catalysts

The effects of metal atomic ratio, water content, oxygen content, and calcination temperature on the catalytic performances of MoVTeNbO mixed oxide catalyst system for the selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid have been investigated and discussed. Among the catalysts studied, it was found that the MoVTeNbO catalyst calcined at a temperature of 600 ℃ showed the best performance in terms of propane conversion and selectivity for acrylic acid under an atmosphere of nitrogen. An effective MoVTeNbO oxide catalyst for propane selective oxidation to acrylic acid was obtained with a combination of a preferred metal atomic ratio （Mo1V0.31Te0.23Nb0.12）. The optimum reaction condition for the selective oxidation of propane was the molar ratio of C3H8 ：O2 ： H2O ： N2 = 4.4： 12.8 ： 15.3 ： 36.9. Under such conditions, the conversion of propane and the maximum yield of acrylic acid reached about 50% and 21%, respectively.     

Synergetic effect of TeMo5O16 and MoO3 phases in MoTeOx catalysts used for the partial oxidation of propylene

A detailed study on the synergetic effect of TeMo5O16 and MoO3 phases in the MoTeOx catalysts for the partial oxidation of propylene to acrolein has been reported in this work. It was found that both propylene conversion and acrolein selectivity increased with the addition of MoO3 to TeMo5O16. Based on the results of N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, XPS, in-situ XRD, O2-TPO, and 2-propanol decomposition reaction, the higher catalytic performance and synergetic effect could be attributed to the enhancement of acidity and the oxygen transfer from TeMo5O16 to MoO3 phase.     

BiMo 基复合氧化物催化剂晶格氧性质与丙烷选择氧化性能

研究了不同组成、结构的BiMo基复合氧化物催化剂的丙烷选择氧化至丙烯醛的性能.X射线衍射(XRD)、X光电子能谱(XPS)、原位傅里叶变换激光拉曼光谱(FT-LRS)、电子顺磁共振(ESR)等多种表征结果表明,BiMo基复合氧化物催化剂上丙烷经由中间物丙烯选择氧化至丙烯醛,催化剂的晶格氧为选择性活性氧物种.丙烷直接氧化下丙烷至丙烯醛的选择性和收率与催化剂的Mo=O物种的氧化-还原性质密切关联,而Mo=O物种的性质又取决于Mo离子的配位环境,Mo=O物种的选择性转化丙烷经由丙烯至丙烯醛活性随畸变MoO6八面体、共顶点八面体、共边八面体、MoO4四面体配位环境递增.组成、结构优化调变的催化剂上丙烷选择氧化至丙烯醛选择性和收率可达45%和13.5%,催化剂中具有选择氧化活性的晶格氧物种数可达258 μmol/g.     

丙烷选择氧化单斜 TeMo5O16 催化剂中钒掺杂的作用

 研究了在不同温度下 V 掺杂的单斜 TeMo5O16 催化剂上丙烷选择氧化反应性能. 结果发现, 在保持 TeMo5O16 相结构基本不变的条件下, V 的掺杂提高了催化剂的活性以及丙烯和丙烯醛等脱氢与选择氧化产物的收率. 通过程序升温表面反应、拉曼光谱、X 射线光电子能谱、X 射线衍射、程序升温还原和热重分析等手段对其原因进行了探讨. 结果表明, V 的掺杂引起催化剂表面金属–氧键发生变化, 提高了表面氧化还原中心的活性, 增加了酸性中心数目, 从而提高了催化剂活化丙烷能力. 同时, 较高的 V 掺杂量可以提高催化剂体相中晶格氧参与氧化还原的能力.     

组合催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯酸

考察了在C3H8氧化脱氢的NiZrO催化剂和C3H6选择氧化的Mo基催化剂组成的组合催化剂上C3H8选择氧化制取丙烯酸的反应性能.结果表明,两个催化剂比例适当时,反应的丙烯酸收率可达最大.优化温度、烷氧比、空速以及N2含量等反应条件的结果发现,反应体系中O2的匮乏会严重影响反应性能.在有氧分布器的反应装置中对所选组合催化剂在优化的反应条件下进行了30h稳定性测试,结果表明,在340oC,反应性能基本稳定,C3H8转化率和丙烯酸选择性可分别维持在～20%和～74%.     

丙烷选择氧化制丙烯醛催化剂中Ce的作用

考察了一系列助剂如:Cu、Zn、Mn、W、Ce、Pr、Nd等对Ag-Mo-P-O催化剂丙烷选择氧化制丙烯醛的影响.其中添加助剂Ce的Ag-Mo-P-O催化性能较好.添加Ce降低了丙烷氧化反应的活化能并有利于中间产物丙烯转化为丙烯醛.采用BET、XRD、H2-TPR、O2-TPD、C3H8-TPD和EPR等方法,研究了含Ce催化剂的结构和性质.结果表明,助剂Ce改善了催化剂的可还原性,并调变了催化剂中Mo5＋/Mo6＋比例,有利于催化剂上丙烷选择氧化生成丙烯醛,这可能归因于催化剂中形成Ce3＋＋Mo6＋Ce4＋＋Mo5＋氧化-还原循环的缘故.     

钼钒酸铋体系催化剂上丙烷的选择氧化反应

钼钒酸铋体系催化剂上丙烷的选择氧化反应李静，宋伟，窦伯生（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春１３００２２）关键词丙烷，选择氧化，钼钒酸铋，助剂，丙烯醛合理利用天然气及石油裂解气为人们所关注。由于烷烃较相应烯烃反应活性低，使其在工业上的应用远不及烯烃，相...     

Kinetics of Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propance over a VMgO Catalyst

The reaction kinetics of the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane was studied at 475-550oC over a VMgO catalyst. Vanadium-magnesium-oxides are among the most selective and active catalysts for the dehydrogenation of propane to propylene. Selectivity to propylene up to about 60% was obtained at 10% conversion, but the selectivity decreased with increasing conversion. No oxygenates were detected, the only by-products were CO and CO2. The reaction rate of propane was found to be first order in propane and close to zero order in oxygen, which is in agreement with a Mars van Krevelen mechanism with the activation of the hydrocarbon as the rate determining step. The activation energy of the conversion of propane was found to be 122±6 kJ/mol.     

Kinetics of the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane over a VMgO Catalyst

The reaction kinetics of the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane was studied at 475-550℃over a VMgO catalyst. Vanadium-magnesium-oxides are among the most selective and active catalysts forthe dehydrogenation of propane to propylene. Selectivity to propylene up to about 60% was obtained at10% conversion, but the selectivity decreased with increasing conversion. No oxygenates were detected, theonly by-products were CO and CO2. The reaction rate of propane was found to be first order in propaneand close to zero order in oxygen, which is in agreement with a Mars van Krevelen mechanism with theactivation of the hydrocarbon as the rate determining step. The activation energy of the conversion ofpropane was found to be 122±6 kJ/mol.     

Role of silica-alumina catalyst texture in the reaction of propane oxidative dehydrogenation in the presence of sulfur dioxide

The effects of preparation conditions, component ratio, and pretreatment temperature (1000–1550‡C) of silica-alumina samples on their phase composition, texture characteristics, and catalytic properties are studied in the reaction of the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane by sulfur dioxide. It is shown that the samples contain individual silicon and aluminum oxides. The product of their interaction (mullite) is formed only at 1550°C. Mesoporous and macroporous catalysts with monoand polydispersed pore distributions over sizes are obtained. It is found that the porous structure of the catalyst plays a key role in the process of the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane in the presence of sulfur dioxide at 600–700°C. The apparent rate of propylene formation increases with an increase in the pore volume with radii between 10 and 100 nm. Propane is transformed into propylene more selectively on the catalyst where the pores with radii of 10–100 nm dominate; narrower pores (< 10 nm) are favorable for the formation of coke and complete oxidation products.     

丙烷选择氧化制丙烯醛MoVTeO/SiO2催化剂结构与性能研究

考察了MoVTeO/SiO₂系列催化剂对丙烷选择氧化制丙烯醛反应的催化性能,结合XRD,Raman和TPD等表征结果研究了催化剂结构、表面性质与催化性能之间的关系.结果表明,以Mo为主要活性组分的催化剂(MoV_0.2Te_0.1/SiO₂)具有较好的催化性能.在V,Te组分存在下,Mo物种的分散度和MoO₃的可还原性能提高.以表面钼酸盐和多钼酸盐类形态存在的高分散Mo物种有助于提高催化活性,而催化剂较弱的表面酸性对丙烯醛的生成有利.     

钒元素在铬铝丙烷氧化脱氢催化剂中的助催化作用

研究了丙烷在以钒元素为助剂的Ｃｒ－Ａｌ－Ｏ催化剂上的氧化脱氢反应性能，利用ＸＲＤ、ＤＲＳ、ＸＰＳ等方法，讨论了钒元素的助催化作用，实验结果表明，钒元素的添加，使得催化剂表面产生Ｏ物种，并且可以改变催经上表面组成，提高催化剂表面Ｃｒ＾３＋的浓度，从而影响催化剂的氧化脱氢活性。