CYP 119过氧化物酶及其215位突变体在苯乙烯类底物环氧化反应中的作用

通过对CYP119过氧化物酶活性中心215位保守苏氨酸的定点突变,研究突变体对催化苯乙烯类似底物环氧化反应的作用效率。考察了CYP119酶215位突变体的热稳定性;端基双键的苯乙烯类似物和非端基双键的β-甲基苯乙烯类似物环氧化反应的转化率和对映选择性。结果表明,CYP119酶突变体T215G和T215V催化端基双键类底物效果与亲本酶类似,而催化非端基双键类底物在转化率和对映选择性上都具有一定变化。突变体T215G催化苯乙烯环氧化反应的转化率高达99.6%。突变体T215G能一定程度提高催化顺式β-甲基苯乙烯环氧化反应的对映选择性和转化率。突变体T215V催化顺式-β-甲基苯乙烯类底物,环氧化反应对映选择性远低于亲本酶和突变体T215G。说明215位苏氨酸的氢键效应和侧链氨基酸大小对CYP119酶催化特定底物的环氧化反应具有一定影响。     

通过快速定点突变表征人源含硒单链抗体酶的底物结合部位

为了对人源含硒单链抗体酶Se-scFv-B3的底物结合部位和催化基团进行研究, 在理论预测的基础上, 通过快速定点突变法分别在2个理论预测的底物结合部位(位点1和位点2)内选定Ala180和Ala44定点突变为丝氨酸(Ser). 2个突变体蛋白经化学修饰将Ser转变成谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)的催化基团硒代半胱氨酸(Sec)后, 前者的GPX活力达到了Se-scFv-B3的2倍多, 而后者的GPX活力没有明显提高, 这表明位点1可能是主要的底物结合部位, 与理论预测的结果一致.     

基于同源建模和定点突变技术研究嗜热型L-阿拉伯糖异构酶与D-半乳糖的亲和作用

通过同源建模分析选取对Lactobacillus fermentum CGMCC2921来源的L-阿拉伯糖异构酶(简称L-AI酶)催化D-半乳糖生产D-塔格糖起重要作用的氨基酸位点进行突变,发现当Q16,M311,K423和Q438位点的氨基酸突变为丙氨酸时,突变酶Km值降低,其中突变酶M311A降至本体的51.6%,对D-半乳糖的转化率提高了18.7%.当K423位点的氨基酸残基分别突变为丙氨酸、天冬酰胺或精氨酸时,突变酶与底物的亲和力以及D-半乳糖的转化率随着423位点突变氨基酸侧链长度的增加而降低.运用计算机分子模拟技术分析表明,当M311位点氨基酸突变为丙氨酸以后,催化位点氨基酸残基与底物D-半乳糖之间的氢键作用增强,导致与底物亲和力增大,从而提高了酶活力.     

漆树漆酶的催化氧化作用——Ⅳ.二茂铁及其衍生物的酶促氧化

漆酶是含铜单电子氧化酶,主要催化邻、对苯二酚(胺)类底物氧化,它对不溶于水的二茂铁(Fc-H)及其衍生物(Fc-R)的催化氧化未见报道。本文考察了漆树漆酶在磷酸缓冲液-二乙二醇丁醚(DGBE)中对Fc-H和15个Fc-R的催化氧化反应。     

双亲聚乙烯醇气凝胶过氧化物酶催化性能及对葡萄糖的传感研究

利用聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基本骨架,马来酸(MA)为辅助交联剂,合成了具有优异类过氧化物酶活性的双亲气凝胶.通过调整马来酸的用量,使气凝胶表面暴露出大量的羧基和酯基,可分别作为酶促反应的催化活性位点和底物3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)、多巴胺及过氧化氢(H2O2)的结合位点.利用此气凝胶高效催化H2O2氧化T...     

壳聚糖-g-N-羧甲基-2-硫代-4,5-2H咪唑啉酮-多壁碳纳米管复合物固定漆酶基化学传感器的性能

通过壳聚糖-g-N-羧甲基-2-硫代-4,5-2H咪唑啉酮(CTS-g-N-CSIDZ)非共价功能化多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)的方式制备固定漆酶载体,该复合物载体主要通过物理吸附和漆酶活性中心与载体上配体之间的配位作用来固定漆酶,较大程度地保持了游离漆酶活性位原始构象.将固定了漆酶的复合物附着在裸玻碳电极上便构筑了复合物固定漆酶修饰玻碳电极.在以分光光度法测定了这种复合物载体对漆酶的担载量、固定漆酶比活力、稳定性、重复使用性及其催化2,6-二甲氧基苯酚(DMP)氧化动力学参数的基础上,还对基于此种复合物固定漆酶修饰玻碳电极作为化学传感器(以DMP作为底物)的性能进行了研究.结果表明,该复合物具有较高的固酶担载量(81.7 mg/g)和固定漆酶比活力(1.33 U/mg);而作为电化学传感器的复合物固定漆酶修饰玻碳电极对底物DMP具有较高的亲和力(对DMP的米氏常数KM是0.0918 mmol/L),较高的灵敏度( 3680 mA· L/mol),较低的检测限(3.3×10-4 mmol/L),较高的响应选择性,良好的重现性、重复使用性和长期稳定性.这种漆酶基电极有望用作电流型特定结构的酚类传感器.     

微量热法研究单底物酶促反应的热力学和动力学性质及过渡态的分析

用LKB-2107型微量热系统, 测定了漆酶催化氧化3, 4-二羟基苯甲醛、邻甲氧基酚、邻苯三酚、3, 4, 5-三羟基苯甲酸反应的热谱图, 利用热谱图计算了米氏常数(Km)、反应速率常数(k2)和热力学参数(ΔrHm, ΔG0, ΔT^≠, Ea, ΔST^≠)。并应用过渡态理论对其催化过程进行了分析。结果表明: 稳定过渡态结构有利于酶促反应, 酶-底物在反应物时相互作用仅仅是降低酶的催化效率。提出两种可能提高酶催化效率的方法。由活化熵(ΔST)<0得出酶-底物在过渡态的结构较酶-底物复合物的结构更为有序。     

贝壳状革耳菌漆酶酶活测定方法分析

酶活测定方法中所用的反应底物、反应条件以及酶活单位定义对漆酶酶活的测定结果有很大的影响。在对贝壳状革耳菌 (Panusconchatus)漆酶酶活测定方法的研究中发现 ,该酶与 2 ,2’ -连氮 -双 ( 3-乙基并噻- 6 -磺酸 ) (ABTS)反应的最适pH值为 3.0 ,而与紫丁香醛连氮、2 ,6-二甲氧基苯酚和邻甲联苯胺反应的最适pH值均为 4.0。上述底物与Panusconchatus漆酶反应的Km (米氏常数 )分别为 0 .0 1 1 6(mmol·L) - 1 ,1 4.1 0 95 (mmol·L) - 1 ,0 .1 0 1 1 (mmol·L) - 1 ,0 .1 41 5 (mmol·L) - 1 。该酶与ABTS、2 ,6-二甲氧基苯酚和邻甲联苯胺反应均表现为零级反应 ,而与紫丁香醛连氮反应时只在一定范围的酶浓度以及反应时间内才表现为零级反应。     

羰基还原酶辅酶结合域位点突变对其不对称催化性能的影响

基于同源模型的比较和分析,发现羰基还原酶SCR1辅酶结合域P124和W125位点对辅酶NADPH的结合形成了一定的空间位阻效应.通过对该位点进行小侧基氨基酸的取代突变,该酶的底物专一性和立体选择性均发生了不同程度的改变,表明该位点是酶与辅酶有效结合的关键位点,而且它与辅酶结合的空间效应进一步影响了底物结合域活性中心对不同构型的底物及其对映体产物的亲和作用.在底物专一性方面,野生型酶对2-羟基苯乙酮和2-溴苯乙酮及其衍生物等底物表现出较高的催化活性,而突变株W125A,W125G,P124A/W125A和P124G/W125G对苯乙酮及其部分衍生物和2-辛酮等底物的催化活性均有所提高.对于酶的立体选择性,部分突变株发生了转化产物对映体构型反转的现象,突变株P124A/W125A和P124G/W125G催化还原2-羟基苯乙酮和4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯均生成了(R)-型产物.     

醇水介质中漆酶催化氧化漆酚及其类似物

本文作者在醇水介质中对漆酚及其类似物的酶催化氧化反应进行了研究。探讨了混合溶剂中漆酶的行为。结果发现邻苯二酚被烷基取代后更有利于漆酶的催化氧化。反应可能经过两个步骤,先是底物氧化生成黄色苯醌类物质,然后醌类中间物偶联形成多聚酚。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.