超声电化学快速制备近红外CdTe量子点与细胞成像

针对当前水溶性量子点合成路线复杂、量子产率低的现状,在无需N2保护的条件下,采用简便的超声电化学方法快速合成了CdTe量子点前驱体;并对不同条件下制得的前驱体加热回流,得到水溶性、高质量的近红外CdTe量子点。产物的形貌、结构和组成通过高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)等手段进行了表征。考察了超声电化学参数和回流条件对量子点荧光性质的影响。通过控制电流脉冲宽度、反应时间、反应温度等参数,实现了CdTe量子点前驱体的可控制备;通过调节加热回流条件得到不同荧光发射波长的量子点;选用602 nm近红外发射波长的CdTe量子点标记了子宫颈癌细胞(Hela),并采用共聚焦技术实现了肿瘤细胞的显微成像观察。和传统的量子点合成方法相比,超声电化学方法具有合成路线简单、参数易调可控的特点;为高品质量子点的快速制备提供了新的思路,拓展了超声电化学在纳米材料制备领域的应用。     

一锅合成绿色到近红外发射的CdTe量子点

以3-巯基丙酸(MPA)为稳定剂,采用水相合成法制备了从绿色到近红外发射的CdTe量子点。系统研究了反应液pH值、镉和碲的物质的量之比及镉和3-巯基丙酸的物质的量之比等实验条件对CdTe量子点体系的发射波长和荧光量子产率的影响。在pH值为10.5,且nCd2+∶nTe2-∶nMPA=1∶0.05∶1.1的条件下,回流0.5 h,CdTe量子点体系在569 nm波长处的荧光量子产率达到30.8%;在7 h的回流时间内,制备的量子点的波长覆盖范围为525～730 nm。分别用X射线粉末衍射、透射电镜和红外光谱对CdTe量子点的晶体结构、形貌及表面基团进行表征。     

半胱胺包被的碲化镉量子点的直接水相制备及其与DNA链接

用半胱胺作为表面修饰剂,在水相中制备了稳定的CdTe纳米量子点。吸收光谱和荧光光谱表明,所合成的CdTe量子点具有优异的发光特性。透射电子显微境(TEM)表征了纳米微粒的结构和粒径分布。与目前较为普遍的用巯基羧酸等其它稳定剂在水相中合成的CdTe量子点相比,半胱胺包被的CdTe量子点的前驱体不需要加热就能受激发出荧光,在100℃加热20min后,荧光明显增强;而巯基羧酸包被的CdTe量子点前驱体受激不能发光。本工作还利用量子点上包被的半胱胺上的氨基,实现了与单链DNA分子的直接链接,链接后溶液的发射峰位红移19nm,荧光强度增强。     

水热法快速合成绿色到近红外发光CdTe量子点

以3-巯基丙酸(MPA)和柠檬酸钠为稳定剂,Na2TeO3为碲源,利用水热法成功制备了从绿色到近红外发射的CdTe量子点,并详细探讨了影响CdTe量子点体系的荧光发射波长和量子产率的因素,如反应前驱液的pH值,反应物的浓度比和反应时间等实验条件.分别用X射线粉末衍射、透射电镜、紫外-可见光谱和荧光光谱对CdTe量子点进行了表征.     

(NH4)2MoS4引导CdTe QDs自组装及光学性质调控和细胞成像

报道了一种简易、快速调节量子点荧光波长的方法.以GSH为配体水热法合成了发射波长为540 nm左右的绿色荧光CdTe量子点,通过（NH₄）₂MoS₄在加热和常温条件下引导CdTe量子点进行自组装.加热条件下,15 min内可以使发射波长迅速的红移100 nm以上.常温条件下,在48 h内可以缓慢的引导CdTe量子点进行自组装,发射波长缓慢红移70 nm以上.利用对比实验验证了（NH₄）₂MoS₄中的MoS₄^2-对引导CdTe量子点自组装具有特异性,并且构建了一个合理的自组装体的结构单元模型.在细胞成像领域,该自组装体具有潜在的应用前景.     

电化学法合成强荧光CdTe量子点

采用电化学方法产生的H2Te为碲源(Te2-),快速合成了水溶性强荧光的CdTe量子点.该方法具有操作简单、安全、快速廉价和可大量制备等优点.合成过程中考察了合成温度,pH值和配体比例对制备CdTe量子点的影响.在最优化的实验条件下,电化学方法合成的巯基丙酸配位的CdTe荧光量子产率可达到55％;通过紫外可见光谱(UV...     

不同环境因子作用下水溶性CdTe量子点的生长动力学研究

以硫普罗宁为稳定剂,水热法制备了水溶性CdTe量子点,系统研究了回流时间、反应物配比、pH值、反应温度和电解质种类等环境因子对量子点生长动力学及光物理性质的影响。结果表明,溶液的pH值及反应物配比对CdTe量子点的光物理性质均有重要影响。优化条件后,回流5 h可得到发射峰位于550 nm的CdTe量子点,其荧光量子效率高达52%;在氯化钠作用下,量子点生长加快,即高浓度氯化钠会减弱溶液中粒子间静电排斥,促进离子扩散,有利于量子点的生长;添加苯磺酸钠会抑制量子点的生长,有利于制备高荧光量子效率的小尺寸CdTe量子点。     

水溶性CdTe量子点的合成及影响因素研究

本文以巯基乙酸(TGA)为稳定剂,在水相中合成了高荧光CdTe量子点.其荧光发射波长在507 ～ 628nm范围内可调,最窄半峰宽37 nm,粒径约3.4nm,量子产率达42.1％.本实验在固定前躯体配比不变的情况下,考察了前躯体中镉离子的浓度、pH及回流时间对CdTe生长的影响.并用透射电子显微镜(TEM),荧光分光光度计(FS),X射线衍射仪(XRD)等手段对制备的量子点进行了表征.结果表明:CdTe量子点的尺寸随回流时间而增长;反应的pH对量子点的荧光强度有显著影响;镉离子的浓度越大,量子点的生长速度越快,荧光强度却随之降低.     

不同环境因素对水热法合成碲化镉量子点的影响

对比了不同巯基稳定剂和前体浓度对水热环境CdTe量子点的生长过程和光物理性质的影响。结果表明,巯基丙酸与镉前体的结合能力较强,一定程度上减小了前体溶液中镉的浓度,故CdTe量子点生长速率较慢;空间位阻较大的硫普罗宁与镉前体的结合相对较弱,因此导致CdTe量子点生长较快。巯基丙酸有利于制备发光波长较短的高荧光强度CdTe 量子点,而硫普罗宁有利于制备发光波长较长的高荧光强度CdTe量子点。前体浓度对CdTe量子点的生长速率和光物理性质的影响不明显。在上述实验结果基础上,考察了水溶性乙酸钠和聚丙烯酸钠电解质对水热环境中CdTe量子点的生长过程和光物理性质的影响。结果表明,添加乙酸钠后可提高CdTe量子点的生长速率,进而导致CdTe量子点的表面重构和钝化能力下降,使荧光强度降低;聚丙烯酸钠对镉单体独特的固定作用导致CdTe量子点生长缓慢,尺寸集中化受限,钝化能力降低,使荧光强度下降更加明显。     

水溶性近红外Ⅱ区荧光Ag2Te量子点的合成

量子点具有独特的光学性质, 在生物医学领域有着广泛的应用. Ag₂Te作为Ⅰ-Ⅵ族量子点中的一员, 因具有生物毒性小和带隙窄等优势而备受关注, 但是目前直接合成水溶性Ag₂Te量子点的方法较少, 而且可调节的荧光发射波长范围有限. 本文提出了一种合成荧光发射波长位于近红外Ⅱ区窗口的水溶性Ag₂Te量子点的新方法. 该方法以硝酸银为银前体, N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸为配体, 碲前体利用硼氢化钠还原亚碲酸钠得到, 反应条件温和(室温、 大气氛围)且不涉及有毒的有机试剂, 绿色环保. 通过进一步的阳离子处理钝化其表面缺陷, 可以得到尺寸均一的超小粒径水溶性Ag₂Te量子点, 量子点的荧光发射波长为1160 nm, 量子产率为8.0% (以IR26染料为参照). 该方法所合成的Ag₂Te量子点具有良好的生物相容性, 注入小鼠体内后能观察到明显的近红外荧光, 具有进一步生物应用的潜力.     

Ultrafast synthesis of near-infrared-emitting aqueous CdTe/CdS quantum dots with high fluorescence

The traditional aqueous route to synthesis CdTe/CdS Core/shell (c/s) quantum dots (QDs) via decomposition of Cd-thiol complexes is usually time consuming. Herein, an ultrafast and facile aqueous synthetic approach under atmospheric pressure for CdTe/CdS c/s QDs with emission from the green to the near-infrared window (535–820 nm) is reported. With purified CdTe core QDs diluted in solution of Cd-3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) complexes, CdTe/CdS c/s QDs with emission wavelengths at 700 and 800 nm can be obtained within 20- and 45-min refluxing under the optimized experimental conditions, respectively. This is the most rapid way to prepare CdTe/CdS c/s QDs in aqueous phase, and the obtained QDs were highly luminescent without postsynthesis treatment. The influences of various experimental factors, including Cd²⁺ concentration, MPA-to-Cd ratio, pH value, and dilution ratio on the growth rate and luminescent properties of the obtained CdTe/CdS c/s QDs, have been taken into consideration. The three processes “purification-dilution-addition” ensure the synthesis environment with high pH value and low core concentration and have a marked impact on the rapid synthesis rate and the resulting high fluorescence of CdTe/CdS c/s QDs.     

One-pot synthesis of strongly luminesencing CdTe quantum dots and their conjugation with mouse antibody to alpha-fetoprotein

In this paper, strongly luminescent CdTe quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized in aqueous solution by a facile one-pot method. The CdTe QDs were synthesized in a weakly acidic or neutral buffer solution composed of sodium borate (Na₂B₄O₇) and sodium citrate (C₆H₅Na₃O₇). The pH of buffer solution and the ratio of the precursors were systematically optimized; the high-quality CdTe QDs with progressively increasing fluorescence during 60 days storage were obtained. As-prepared QDs can be conjugated with a mouse antibody alpha-fetoprotein via the reaction mediated by N-hydroxysuccinimide and 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride. The conjugate showed a red shift of 9 nm for the emission position.     

Microwave-assisted Synthesis of CdTe Quantum Dots Using 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid as Both a Reducing Agent and a Stabilizer

In this paper, a facile synthetic approach to prepare CdTe quantum dots(QDs) with high luminescence via a one-pot microwave irradiation reaction route using 3-mercaptopropionic acid(MPA) as both a sodium tellurite reducer and a capping molecule was described, and the mechanism of the formation of CdTe QDs was elucidated. In this approach, CdTe QDs with six different emission wavelengths of 553, 567, 577, 595, 608 and 615 nm were obtained via changing the refluxing time and the quantum yields(QY) of these QDs were 40.6%, 55.3%, 63.6%, 43.4%, 37.4% and 29.7%, respectively. The characterization results of X-ray powder diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) indicate that the obtained QDs have a pure cubic zinc blended structure with a spherical shape. No toxic gases were released during the preparation process, indicating that the method is relatively fast, cheap and environmentally friendly.     

Synthesis of CdTe Quantum Dots with Tunable Photoluminescence Using Tellurium Dioxide as Tellurium Source

A simple and convenient method has been developed for synthesis of water‐soluble CdTe quantum dots (QDs) under ambient atmospheric conditions. In contrast to the traditional aqueous synthesis, green to red emitting CdTe QDs were prepared by using TeO₂ to replace Te or Al₂Te₃ as tellurium source in this method. The influences of experimental variables, including pH value, 3‐mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)/Cd and Te/Cd molar ratios, on the emission peak and photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY) of the obtained CdTe QDs have been systematically investigated. Experimental results indicate that green to red emitting CdTe QDs with a maximum photoluminescence quantum yield of 35.4% can be prepared at pH 11.3 and n_(Cd):n_(Te):n_(MPA)=1:0.1:1.7.     

Study the damage of DNA molecules induced by three kinds of aqueous nanoparticles

In this paper, the interaction of DNA molecules with aqueous CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs), CdTe/SiO₂ composite nanoparticles (CdTe/SiO₂ NPs), and Mn-doped ZnSe quantum dots (Mn:ZnSe d-dots) was studied with ethidium bromide as a probe. The purpose of this work was to study the damage of DNA molecules induced by these three kinds of water-soluble nanoparticles. It was found that ionic strength, pH value and UV irradiation influenced the PL emission properties of CdTe QDs, CdTe/SiO₂ NPs and Mn:ZnSe d-dots, and also influenced the interaction of DNA molecules with them. Among the three kinds of nanoparticles, DNA molecules were most easily damaged by CdTe QDs whether in the dark or under UV irradiation. The CdTe/SiO₂ NPs led to much less DNA damage when compared with CdTe QDs, as a silica overcoating layer could isolate the QDs from the external environment. Mn:ZnSe d-dots as a new class of non-cadmium doped QDs demonstrated almost no damage for DNA molecules, which have great potentials as fluorescent labels in the applications of biomedical assays, imaging of cells and tissues, even in vivo investigations.     

One-pot synthesis of CdTe quantum dots using tellurium dioxide as a tellurium source in aqueous solution

A novel route has been developed for the synthesis of l-cysteine (Cys)-capped CdTe quantum dots (QDs) in an aqueous medium. Compared with previous reports, this synthesis was carried out in air atmosphere with one pot by using TeO₂ to replace Te or Al₂Te₃ as tellurium source. The mechanism for the formation of CdTe QDs is elucidated. The influences of various experimental variables on the luminescent properties of the obtained CdTe QDs have been systematically investigated, including refluxing time, pH value, Cd/Cys and Cd/Te molar ratios. Furthermore, the obtained QDs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, X-ray powder diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The results demonstrate that the obtained QDs have zincblende crystal structure with a sphere-like shape. Under the optimized experimental conditions, green- to yellow-emitting CdTe QDs with a maximum photoluminescence quantum yield of 14.6 % can be obtained.     

Temperature-dependent photoluminescence of highly luminescent water-soluble CdTe quantum dots

Highly luminescent water-soluble CdTe quantum dots(QDs) have been synthesized with an electrogenerated precursor.The obtained CdTe QDs can possess good crystallizability,high quantum yield(QY) and favorable stability.Furthermore,a detection system is designed firstly for the investigation of the temperature-dependent PL of the QDs.     

水合肼还原二氧化碲水相合成CdTe量子点

以巯基乙酸为稳定剂, 氯化镉为镉源, 二氧化碲为碲源, 水合肼为还原剂, 一步合成了CdTe量子点. 研究了反应时间、 碲与镉的摩尔比及巯基乙酸与镉的摩尔比等实验条件对CdTe量子点生长过程的影响. 采用荧光光谱、 X射线粉末衍射和透射电子显微镜等对量子点的性能进行了表征. 结果表明, 反应时间及反应物的相对用量对量子点的生长和荧光光谱有明显影响, 所得CdTe量子点具有立方晶型, 发光颜色从绿色到红色连续可调, 荧光量子产率可达26%.     

颜色可调的高荧光CdTe量子点的水相合成

以亚碲酸钠为碲源,硼氢化钠为还原剂,一步合成了巯基丁二酸(MSA)稳定的CdTe量子点.研究了反应液pH值、镉与碲的摩尔比及镉与巯基丁二酸的摩尔比等实验条件对CdTe量子点体系荧光量子产率的影响,并用荧光光谱、X射线粉末衍射及透射电子显微镜等对其进行了表征.结果表明,CdTe量子点具有闪锌矿结构,形貌呈球状;在pH=1...