定量核磁共振技术测定嘧菌酯的含量

建立了一种测定嘧菌酯含量的核磁共振方法。以氯仿为溶剂,3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醛为内标时,在扫描次数16次、脉冲等待时间10 s时,定量核磁共振方法得到的结果相对偏差小,精密度、重复性、稳定性、耐用性均能达到要求,在样品与内标的摩尔比在0.207~3.010范围内嘧菌酯含量与定量峰积分面积线性关系良好。     

反门控去耦技术在定量~1H NMR测定苯乙醇胺A纯度中的应用

采用定量核磁中反门控去耦的方法对苯乙醇胺A的纯度进行测定。通过对氘代溶剂和内标物、定量峰的选择,以及弛豫延迟时间(D_1),采样次数和采样温度等定量核磁条件的优化,最终确定测试条件为:激发脉冲角度307),时间域数据点32 K,测定温度293 K,脉冲的弛豫延迟为33.64 s,采样次数64,线宽0.3Hz。在此实验条件下,稳定性可达24 h,耐用性良好。以样品和内标的峰面积比对其摩尔比绘制标准曲线,结果显示,两者的摩尔比在0.333~3.333范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r~2)为0.999 9。该方法专属性强,准确,简便,适用于该类型化合物含量的测定。     

离子色谱法测定盐酸吉西他滨药品中的氟

分别用过硫酸钾湿消解法、过硫酸钾加压湿消解法、双氧水加压湿消解法、干灰化法对盐酸吉西他滨进行氧化处理,将有机氟转化为无机氟,用离子色谱法测定氟离子含量,间接测得盐酸吉西他滨中的总氟量。实验考量了过硫酸钾、氢氧化钠和双氧水的用量。在选择的样品预处理方法和色谱条件下,后3种方法转化率达到88.9%～98.6%,回收率为89.4%～105%,在此基础上,建立了盐酸吉西他滨药品中总氟的定量测定方法,F-含量在0.1～10 mg/L的浓度范围内呈线性,线性回归系数为0.9996,相对标准偏差为2.4%,检测限为0.01 mg/L。     

定量核磁共振波谱法测定片剂中吡罗昔康

建立了定量核磁共振波谱法测定片剂中吡罗昔康含量的方法。以咖啡因为内标,选择~1H-NM R的脉冲程序,延迟时间为12 s,采样次数为32次,以吡罗昔康中δ2.969的峰为定量峰,咖啡因中δ4.006的峰为内标定量峰。吡罗昔康与内标咖啡因的质量比在0.25~6.0的范围内具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9993。吡罗昔康片的加标回收率为97.7%~101.0%,相对标准偏差为0.42%~1.2%。方法可用于吡罗昔康片剂含量的测定。     

核磁共振定量法测定利培酮含量

采用氢核磁共振定量法和氟核磁共振定量法测定利培酮含量。氢核磁共振定量法以利培酮δ7.29~7.35处质子峰为定量峰,马来酸δ6.02处为内标峰,在恒温300 K,采样时间4.0 s,弛豫延迟时间15 s,扫描次数为32次条件下采集氢谱。氟核磁共振定量法以4-溴-2-氟-乙酰苯胺为内标,在恒温300 K,谱宽12 500.0 Hz,中心频率-43 662.7 Hz下采集氟谱。测试结果显示,利培酮氢核磁共振定量法和氟核磁共振定量法的含量测定结果基本与质量平衡法的结果一致。因此,核磁共振法可用于利培酮绝对含量的测定,具有快速、简单、准确的优势。     

氢核磁共振定量法测定盐酸伊托必利片含量

以马来酸作为内标物质,氢核磁共振定量法(qHNMR)测定盐酸伊托必利片中盐酸伊托必利的含量。选择盐酸伊托必利δ7. 31～7. 40处为定量峰,马来酸δ6. 31处为内标峰,在恒温300K,弛豫延迟时间15 s,采样时间4. 01 s,扫描次数为64次条件下采集盐酸伊托必利片的qHNMR图谱。比较HPLC法与qHNMR法测定盐酸伊托必利片含量的结果。qHNMR法在2. 31～18. 66 mg·mL~(-1)的范围内线性关系良好。低、中、高浓度的平均回收率分别为98. 52%、99. 72%、101. 11%,RSD为1. 17%(n=9),检测限(LOD)为50. 0 ng·mL~(-1),定量限(LOQ)为120. 0 ng·mL~(-1)。盐酸伊托必利片的qHNMR法含量测定结果与HPLC法的测定结果基本一致。qHNMR法可用于测定盐酸伊托必利片中盐酸伊托必利含量的测定。     

保健食品中壮阳类西药成分的核磁共振氢谱定量分析

建立了保健食品中枸橼酸西地那非、他达拉非、伐地那非的核磁共振氢谱定量(1H q NMR)分析方法。采用布鲁克Avance DRX 500超导核磁共振波谱仪,以氘代二甲亚砜为溶剂,2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸为内标物,优化了仪器采集参数,并进行了方法验证。结果表明:当内标添加量为2 mg、内标与待测化合物摩尔比在1∶0.1~1∶1.2范围时,标准曲线线性良好,相关系数(r2)不小于0.999;枸橼酸西地那非、他达拉非、伐地那非的检出限分别为0.045,0.026,0.033 mg/m L,定量下限分别为0.218,0.128,0.159 mg/m L;日内精密度RSD值分别为0.38%,0.85%,0.34%;日间精密度RSD值分别为0.72%,1.2%,1.4%。利用所建立的方法对13种实际样品进行定量分析;并将测试结果与HPLC-DAD法测试结果进行比较,两种测试结果的RSD在1%~8%之间。     

核磁共振波谱法测定胆酸甲酯的含量

采用核磁共振波谱法测定胆酸甲酯的含量。以顺丁烯二酸为内标,氘代二甲基亚砜和重水为溶剂,测试温度为298K,脉冲宽度为8μs,弛豫时间为50s,扫描次数为16次。δ6.28为顺丁烯二酸的定量峰,δ3.79和δ0.59为胆酸甲酯的定量峰,以两个定量峰试验结果的平均值计算胆酸甲酯的含量。顺丁烯二酸与胆酸甲酯的定量峰不受其他信号干扰,顺丁烯二酸与胆酸甲酯的质量比在0.208~1.03范围内呈线性。胆酸甲酯的绝对含量测定结果为99.4%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.33%。     

定量核磁共振波谱法同时测定中药虎杖中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷的含量

建立了定量核磁共振波谱法同时测定虎杖中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷的方法。样品用80%乙醇和丙酮两次超声提取净化,再用定量核磁共振波谱法测定。考察了样品预处理和核磁共振实验条件对测定结果的影响,选择氘代二甲亚砜-重水(10∶1,V/V)为溶剂,用基准物质邻苯二甲酸氢钾标定的2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸为内标,选择脉冲延迟时间为5 s,采样次数为32次。定量峰为6.388~6.391(白藜芦醇:H-2,6,d,2H)和6.322~6.330(虎杖苷:H-4,t,1H)。结果表明,NMR测定的精密度均小于0.6%,线性相关系数(r)均大于0.999,白藜芦醇和虎杖苷的检出限分别为0.23和0.24 g/L,定量限分别为0.69和1.57 g/L,包括样品提取过程的回收率分别为97.7%~103.5%(RSD=2.4%)和94.5%~99.2%(RSD=1.6%),显示出定量核磁共振法在中药定量时的可靠性。实际测定4种虎杖饮片及配方颗粒样品中白藜芦醇和虎杖苷含量分别为3.57~5.69 mg/g和12.73~24.07 mg/g。     

8种生物胺盐核磁共振法纯度定值

建立了核磁共振氢谱法(1H NMR)测定盐酸精胺、盐酸亚精胺、盐酸组胺、盐酸腐胺、盐酸尸胺、盐酸2-苯乙胺、盐酸酪胺和盐酸章胺8种生物胺盐酸盐纯度的定值方法。8种生物胺盐酸盐采用1H,1H-1H COSY谱对氢进行了归属,选择国家二级标准物质尼泊金乙酯(GBW(E)100064)为内标对8种生物胺盐酸盐进行纯度测定,并考察了不同实验参数对准确定量的影响,以标准物质尼泊金乙酯和对硝基甲苯对实验参数进行考察。实验结果显示,弛豫时间是影响定量的主要因素,准确定量时应采用远大于5倍T1(90度脉冲宽度)的弛豫时间,而脉冲宽度对定量结果无影响,但小的脉冲宽度可在确保定量准确性的前提下缩短弛豫时间。采用优化后的实验参数条件对8种生物胺盐酸盐进行定值,其纯度分别为99.0%,99.1%,99.4%,99.1%,99.3%,99.6%,99.6%,93.3%,相对标准偏差分别为0.2%,0.2%,0.3%,0.2%,0.2%,0.1%,0.2%,0.3%。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.