橡胶／纳米无机粒子增韧增强环氧树脂的研究

综述了当前环氧树脂增韧增强改性的研究现状,详细介绍了弹性体增韧环氧树脂、无机纳米粒子改性环氧树脂、粘土改性环氧树脂、纳米SiO2改性环氧树脂以及弹性体／无机纳米粒子协同增韧增强环氧树脂的机理和实验方法。并对其实验结果进行了分析比较。     

聚二甲基硅氧烷改性的聚氨酯齐聚物增韧环氧树脂

聚二甲基硅氧烷改性的聚氨酯齐聚物增韧环氧树脂;聚氨酯齐聚物;聚二甲基硅氧烷;环氧树脂;增韧;IPN     

CaSO_4晶须补强增韧聚氨酯弹性体机理的研究

提高聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能是聚氨酯研究领域里普遍关心的课题之一,一般采用刚性粒子和纤维类无机填料增强聚氨酯弹性体,但上述填料在提高强度的同时,会导致韧性降低,空易造成脆性断裂,因此填料能否同时补强增韧聚氨酯弹性体具有重要的实际应用价值,晶须是一种单晶纤维状材料,其直径极小,几乎不存在任何缺陷,由于内在的完整性,高度有序的原子排列,使其强度接近晶体理论－－原子间价键的强度,晶须凭借微细的直径、较短的长度、极高的强度,成为一种新型补强增韧剂,目前晶须的复合基体多为陶瓷基、金属基和树脂基,有关复合基体多为陶瓷基、金属基和树脂基,有关复合聚氨酯弹性体的理论及应用研究报道很少,本文制备了具有较高强度和韧性的CaSO4晶须／聚氨酯弹性体复合材料,通过微观分析揭示了CaSO4晶须对聚氨酯弹性体补强增韧的机理,并对其影响因素进行了讨论。     

网间交联型增韧环氧树脂/蓖麻油聚氨酯互穿网络聚合物的动态力学性能和形态结构

以增韧环氧树脂(TEP)和蓖麻油聚氨酯[PU(CO)]形成的互穿网络聚合物(IPN),两网络间具有一定数量的交联点,在一定组成下,该IPN的tanδ-T曲线半峰宽达100℃,tanδ最大值接近1,阻尼性能良好。形态研究表明,该IPN既有增韧环氧树脂本身的两相结构,又有IPN的两相结构。     

端羟基丁腈橡胶增韧环氧树脂研究

本文研究了端羟基丁腈橡胶(HTBN)对环氧树脂的增韧作用。加入10—20phr的HTBN,环氧树脂性能可以大幅度提高,粘接碳钢剪切强度30MPa,冲击强度9×10~(-2)J/cm~2,浇注试样抗张强度61MPa,伸长10％,玻璃化温度115℃;不加HTBN的环氧树脂固化物,剪切强度24MPa,冲击强度34×10~(-2)J/cm~2,抗张强度30MPa,伸长5％,玻璃化温度124℃。 本文还通过DSC、SEM研究观察到增韧环氧树脂的两相结构。     

网间交联型增韧环氧树脂/蓖麻油聚氨酯互穿网络聚合物的动态力学性能和形态结构

 以增韧环氧树脂(TEP)和蓖麻油聚氨酯[PU(CO)]形成的互穿网络聚合物(IPN),两网络间具有一定数量的交联点,在一定组成下,该IPN的tanδ-T曲线半峰宽达100℃,tanδ最大值接近1,阻尼性能良好。形态研究表明,该IPN既有增韧环氧树脂本身的两相结构,又有IPN的两相结构。     

弹性纳米粒子改性环氧树脂的研究

提出了一种用弹性纳米粒子改性环氧树脂的新方法. 试验结果表明, 用平均粒径为90 nm的羧基丁腈弹性纳米粒子和平均粒径为100 nm的丁苯吡弹性纳米粒子改性热固性环氧树脂, 均比用传统的液体端羧基丁腈橡胶具有更好的增韧效果, 并且, 改性后环氧树脂的耐热温度和玻璃化温度不但不降低, 反而有所提高. 文中通过对弹性纳米粒子改性环氧树脂的微观结构和界面性能的研究, 发现反应性较强的丁苯吡弹性纳米粒子对环氧树脂的改性效果明显优于羧基丁腈弹性纳米粒子, 提出了在二相界面大量增加的氢键和化学反应是改性环氧树脂韧性和耐热温度提高的主要原因.     

环氧树脂增韧改性的研究进展

环氧树脂作为主要的热固性树脂之一,性能优异,应用广泛。但由于其固化交联密度高,脆性大的缺点,环氧树脂的实际应用受到了极大地限制。因此,环氧树脂的增韧改性成为了人们研究的重点。本文主要从橡胶、聚硅氧烷、热塑性塑料、树枝状聚合物、嵌段聚合物、纳米填料这几种主要增韧材料出发,系统综述了近几年来环氧树脂增韧改性的研究进展,简要阐述了各种材料的增韧机制,并对环氧树脂增韧改性的研究进行了分析与展望。     

聚氨酯/环氧树脂互穿网络聚合物的性能研究

互穿聚合物网络（Interpenetrating polymer net-work,简称IPN）广泛应用的为聚氨酯基的互穿网络聚合物。其合成多集中在弹性体方面。本文用同步法合成的聚氨酯／环氧树脂互穿网络硬质泡沫塑料材料（简称PU／ERIPNF）,机械性能较好,并研究了其动态力学性能及形态变化。     

运动鞋用橡塑材料的研究进展

橡塑材料在运动鞋制造过程中被普遍应用，总结了运动鞋制造过程中天然橡胶、丁苯橡胶、丁腈橡胶、氯丁橡胶、顺丁橡胶、再生橡胶、聚氯乙烯、聚烯烃弹性体、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯弹性体、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯和嵌段聚醚酰胺树脂等橡塑材料的基本性能。分类别综述了相关橡塑材料近年的研究进展。指出未来运动鞋用橡塑材料将向着轻量化、功能化、智能化和环保化的方向发展。     

环氧树脂增韧改性的研究进展

概述了近年来互穿聚合物网络（IPN）、刚性粒子增韧环氧树脂的研究现状,并展望了环氧树脂增韧改性研究的前景。     

EPOXY RESIN TOUGHENED BY THERMOPLASTICS

Two kinds of tough ductile heatresisting thermoplastic, namely bisphenol A polysulfone (PSF) and polyethersulfone (PES) were used to toughen thermoset epoxy resin. A systematic study on the relationship between the molecular weight and the terminal group of the thermoplastic modifier and the fracture toughness of the modified resin was carried out. The morphology of PSF modified epoxy resin was surveyed. With the same kind of PSF the structure of the epoxy resin and the toughening effect of PSF was also investigated. The fractography of PSF, particle modified epoxy was examined in detail with SEM. The contribution of every possible energy absorption process has been discussed. Crack pinning mechanism seems to be the most important toughening mechanism for tough ductile thermoplastic PSF particle modified epoxy system.     

双马来酰亚胺树脂增韧进展

双马来酰亚胺树脂是一类新型耐热高分子,应用日趋广泛。针对其脆性近年人们开展了大量增韧研究并取得明显效果,本文拟对这方面的进展给以系统介绍和评述。     

High impact resistance epoxy resins by incorporation of quadruply hydrogen bonded supramolecular polymers

A bisphenol A based epoxy was incorporated with a quadruply hydrogen bonded supramolecular polymer as a toughening agent to prepare a composite epoxy resin with higher impact resistance. The supramolecular polymer comprising poly-(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl) ether chains and 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone moieties (UPy) self-assembled into spherical domains with sizes of 300 nm to 600 nm in diameter by micro phase separation in bulk epoxy matrixes. A significant improvement of 300% in impact resistance of the supramolecular polymer incorporated epoxy resin was obtained when the content of supramolecular polymer was 10 wt%. Tensile tests showed that the mechanical properties of the modified epoxy resin containing the hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polymers are also improved compared with those of the neat epoxy resin.     

Synthesis of raspberry-like monodisperse magnetic hollow hybrid nanospheres by coating polystyrene template with Fe(3)O(4)@SiO(2) particles

A new inorganic/organic hybrid material containing silsesquioxane was prepared by the reaction of caged octa (aminopropyl silsesquioxane) (POSS-NH(2)) with n-butyl glycidyl ether (nBGE) and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDGE). The copolymers of POSS, nBGE, and BDGE could be obtained with varied feed ratio of POSS-NH(2), nBGE, and BDGE in the preparation. The hybrid material was added into an epoxy resin (E51) for enhancing the toughening and thermal properties of the epoxy resin. The results showed that the toughening and the thermal properties of the cured epoxy resin were greatly improved by the addition of the hybrid. The enhancement was ascribed to nano-scale effect of the POSS structure and the formation of anchor structure in the cured network. The investigation of kinetics for the curing process of the hybrid-modified epoxy resin revealed that two kinds of curing reactions occurred in different temperature ranges. They were attributed to the reactions between amino groups of the curing agent with epoxy groups of E51 and with residue epoxy groups in the hybrid. The reacting activation energies were calculated based on Kissinger's and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa's methods, respectively.     

多官能度活性橡胶增韧环氧树脂的研究：Ⅲ.三元共混增韧环氧树脂

本文研究了双酚A对多官能度环氧基和羧基聚丙烯酸正丁酯橡胶增韧环氧树脂的影响。结果表明,加入双酚A,拉伸断裂能有大幅度提高,同时不降低弹性模量。这可能是由椽胶提高断裂伸长与双酚A提高屈服应力产生协同效应的结果。对羧基橡胶增韧的三元共混体系,拉伸断裂能随羧基官能度上升而增加。断裂面的形态研究表明,由于羧基橡胶与双酚A的酯化反应,大大减少了羧基橡胶聚集对增韧的不利影响。     

Fracture mechanisms in rigid core-shell particle modified high performance epoxies

The fracture mechanisms of a high performance epoxy system modified with two types of preformed rigid core-shell particles (RCSP) were investigated. The use of the preformed RCSP anables the control of the dispersion of the toughener phase in the epoxy, which, in turn, allows the mechanical properties of the modified epoxy to be optimized. The toughening effect via the RCSP modification is found to be as good as that via the core-shell rubber modification. The moduli andT _g of these RCSP-modified epoxies are virtually unaltered via the RCSP modification, when compared with the neat epoxy resin equivalent. The toughening mechanisms in these toughened systems appear to be predominantly crack deflection, crack bifurcation, and microcracking. Approaches for effective toughening of high performance polymers via rigid polymers are discussed.     

Effect of new hyperbranched polyester of varying generations on toughening of epoxy resin through interpenetrating polymer networks using urethane linkages

In this study, a previously unreported methodology is attempted to improve the inherent brittleness in diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A based epoxy resin using hyperbranched polymers as toughening agents. Four different hyperbranched polyesters (HBPs) with increasing generations (1–4, denoted as HBP-G1 to HBP-G4) were synthesized by reacting calculated amount of dipentaerythritol (used as a core) and dimethylol propionic acid (AB₂ type monomer) through pseudo one-step melt polycondensation method. The newly synthesized HBPs were characterized using spectral, thermal and physical measurements, which confirmed the formation of highly branched structure and decreasing thermal stability with increasing HBP generations. Further, toughening of the epoxy resin is carried out by reacting each generation of the HBP with epoxy using hexamethylene diisocyanate as an intermediate linkage resulting in the formation of HBP-Polyurethane/Epoxy-g-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (HBP-PU/EP-g-IPNs). A linear polyol-PU/EP-g-IPN is also synthesized for the purpose of comparison. It is found that the HBP modified epoxy samples exhibited higher toughness in comparison to that of neat epoxy and linear polyol based epoxy samples. On the other hand, flexural properties, thermal stability and glass transition temperature of the modified samples is lower than neat epoxy sample due to the existence of flexible urethane linkages and decrease in the cross-linking density of epoxy matrix. The toughening characteristics exhibited by the HBPs are corroborated from the existence of heterogeneous morphology using SEM data.     

无机纳米粒子在环氧树脂增韧改性中的应用

无机纳米粒子能够给聚合物赋以卓越的综合性能,为此,纳米材料在聚合物改性中的应用已成为聚合物改性领域中的一个研究热点。本文就近年来在环氧树脂增韧改性中应用的无机纳米粒子的种类、环氧树脂／无机纳米复合材料的制备方法及其应用研究进展进行了综述。