多酸/邻菲罗啉钌LBL薄膜的制备及电化学调控荧光开关性能

通过层层静电自组装技术制备了基于电致变色多酸P_8W_(48)与发光邻菲罗啉钌Ru(phen)的杂化红光薄膜[(PEI/P_8W_(48))_m/PEI/PSS/Ru(phen)/PSS]_(15)[m=1,3,5;PEI=聚乙烯亚胺;PSS=聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸钠)].利用紫外-可见光谱对薄膜的组成及增长进行了表征;通过循环伏安法对薄膜的电化学氧化还原性质进行了考察;通过荧光光谱对薄膜的发光性质进行了研究.结果表明,薄膜在外加氧化还原电位下呈现出可逆的电致变色-荧光开关性质;在阶跃电位-0.85 V/0.85 V下循环50次,其电致变色及荧光开关性能没有明显的减弱,体现了良好的电化学稳定性.     

钒修饰磷钨酸盐/刚果红电致变色膜的制备及性能研究

借助Layer-by-Layer自组装技术分别构筑了钒修饰的钨酸盐K_7P_2W_(17)VO_(62)·18H_2O(P_2W_(17)V)、聚乙烯亚胺的复合膜[PEI/P_2W_(17)V]_(20),K_7P_2W_(17)VO_(62)·18H_2O(P_2W_(17)V)、聚乙烯亚胺、刚果红(Congo red,CR)复合膜[PEI/P_2W_(17)V/PEI/刚果红]_(20)。紫外-可见吸收光谱监测显示两种复合膜的构筑是成功的,均实现了复合膜均一稳定的增长。电化学工作站和紫外可见吸收光谱联机对复合膜的电致变色性能研究显示:染料刚果红的加入,不但丰富了多酸电致变色材料的颜色种类,实现了由红色到浅紫色的可逆变化,更使光反差提高9.36%,复合膜的变色能力得到了很大的增强,实现了复合膜可调颜色的电致变色,有望在变色薄膜领域得到新的应用。     

盘状多酸P_5W_(30)/阳离子聚电解质/氧化石墨烯杂化多层膜的电致变色性能

为了提高薄膜[PEI/P_5W_(30)]_(30)的电致变色性能,将具有大的二维尺寸和良好导电性的氧化石墨烯引入该薄膜中。通过层层自组装(LBL)技术构筑了基于盘状多酸K12.5Nal.5[Na P_5W_(30)O_(110)]·15H_2O(P_5W_(30))、氧化石墨烯(GO)的复合薄膜[PEI/P_5W_(30)/PEI/GO]_(30)(PEI:聚乙烯亚胺),并利用UV-Vis光谱对薄膜的组成及增长进行监测;通过原子力显微镜对薄膜的表面形貌进行考察,利用循环伏安法对薄膜电化学氧化还原性质进行研究;薄膜在外加氧化还原电位下呈现出无色/蓝色的可逆变化,电致变色响应时间在10 s以内;此外,薄膜在阶跃电位0.75 V/-0.75 V下循环150次,电致变色性能没有明显减弱,体现了薄膜良好的电致变色可逆性。氧化石墨烯的引入使薄膜[PEI/P_5W_(30)/PEI/GO]_(30)呈现出响应速度快、抗电疲劳强的电致变色性能,将在电致变色器件领域有广阔的应用前景。     

多酸Eu-PMo12O40可逆变色/荧光开关性质对维生素C的光谱检测

将VC等量加入Eu-PMo_(12)O_(40)溶液中,PMo_(12)O_(40)_3-被还原由浅黄色变为蓝色,同时Eu~(3+)的荧光淬灭。利用UV-Vis、PL光谱法分别测定不同VC浓度下Eu-PMo_(12)O_(40)的紫外可见光谱、荧光光谱,以700 nm处的吸光度对VC浓度作图,得到VC的线性检测范围为0~0.40 mmol·L~(-1)、检出限为0.025 8μmol·L~(-1);以591 nm处的荧光强度对VC浓度作图,获得VC的线性检测范围为0~0.64 mmol·L~(-1)、检出限为0.036 1μmol·L~(-1)。最后,在VC还原和H_2O_2氧化下,研究了Eu-PMo_(12)O_(40)变色/荧光开关性质的可逆性以及对VC检测的可重复使用性。     

杂多钨酸盐/茜素红复合膜制备及电致变色性能研究

通过Lb L自组装技术构筑了基于杂多钨酸盐K_(12. 5)Na_(1. 5)[NaP_5W_(30)O_(110)]·15 H_2O(P_5W_(30)),有机染料茜素红(AR)和聚乙烯亚胺的复合膜。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、扫描电镜和循环伏安扫描对复合膜的形貌及氧化还原性质进行了表征,使用电化学工作站和紫外-可见吸收光谱联机对复合材料的电致变色性能进行了研究。结果显示,复合膜的构筑是成功的,光反差为33.7%,着色时间为2.7 s,褪色时间为1.5 s,最大着色效率为52 cm2C~(-1),复合膜实现了由淡橙色到蓝绿色,进而到深绿之间的可逆变化,实现了可调颜色的电致变色。     

三维有序大孔复合材料H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/TiO_2制备与多模式光催化

采用聚苯乙烯(PS)微球做模板,以甲醇真空法制备的三维有序大孔材料(3DOM)TiO_2为载体,通过浸渍法将其与多酸H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)复合制备成3DOM H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/TiO_2。通过傅立叶-红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-Vis/DRS)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和N2吸附-脱附等表征手段对所合成材料的光吸收性质、结构和晶相进行了表征,结果表明,3DOM H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/TiO_2复合材料中多酸仍然保留其Dawson结构,且晶型结构以TiO_2锐钛矿结构为主。为考察所合成纳米复合材料3DOM H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/TiO_2的光催化活性,选用甲基橙为模型分子,在紫外光、可见光和微波辅射等多模式作用下,对其进行了光催化活性的研究。结果显示,紫外光催化过程中纳米复合材料3DOM H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/TiO_2的活性最高,且在可见光、微波作用下3DOM H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/TiO_2对染料均具有一定的降解效果。     

多酸/Pt-Ni合金纳米粒子复合膜电极的制备及其对H_2O_2电催化性能研究

选用Dawson型多酸K_6[P_2W_(18)O_(62)]·14H_2O (P_2W_(18))和Pt-Ni合金纳米粒子作为电化学活性组分,制备了P_2W_(18)/Pt-Ni合金纳米粒子复合膜电极,采用循环伏安法研究了复合膜电极的电化学行为。实验结果表明,P_2W_(18)/Pt-Ni合金纳米粒子复合膜电极具有良好的重复性和稳定性,并展现出较P_2W_(18)电极更好的对H_2O_2的电催化活性。     

二空缺Dawson型钨磷酸盐K_(10)Na_2H_2P_2W_(16)O_(60)·18H_2O的合成、结构和溶液的稳定性

用刚酸化的Na_2WO_4溶液(H~+/WO_4~(2-)=1.14,摩尔比)与Na_2HPO_4混合,酸化至pH6.5～6.9,再加入KCl固体,可制得K_(10)Na_2H_2P_2W_(16)O_(60)·18H_2O晶体。经元素分析、VO~(2+)光度滴定、~(31)PNMR、~(183)W NMR和紫外光谱等研究,确定为二空缺Dawson型结构;其溶液经60℃加热后,立即分解成H_7PW_8O_(33)~(6-);将K~+换成Na~+时,主要分解产物为PW_(11)O_(39)~(7-)。     

基于[P_2W_(17)O_(61)]~(10-)构筑的一维双链稀土衍生物的结构、合成及表征

饱和Dawson型[P_2W_(18)O_(62)]~(6-)(简称为[P_2W_(18)])多酸阴离子以其稳定的化学性质、良好的结晶性能成为多酸化学领域中的重要研究对象.本文以K_6[α-P_2W_(18)O_(62)]·xH_2O、Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O为基本原料,通过常规水溶液加热回流法,成功地合成了一例结构单元类似2∶17型Dawson-稀土双系列结构的一维双链化合物{[Na_2[N(CH_3)_4]_8[Ce(CH_3COO)(H_2O)]_2[Ce(H_2O)_7](P_2W_(17)O_(61))]_2·23H_2O}_n(1).结构分析表明,化合物1属于三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数为:a=1.327 97(15)nm,b=1.376 71(15)nm,c=3.121 1(3)nm.该化合物以单缺位[P_2W_(17)O_(61)]~(10-)(简称为[P_2W_(17)])为基本构筑单元,中心原子Ce不仅与[P_2W_(17)]通过氧桥直接相连,而且通过醋酸根与另外一个Ce-[P_2W_(17)]单元相连,并最终形成新颖的一维双链结构.此外,我们还通过红外光谱、元素分析、热失重分析、紫外-可见吸收光谱分析等方法,对化合物1进行了较全面的表征.     

A new extended structural compound based on saturated Wells-Dawson polyoxoanions

A new 3D extended structural compound,(dpdo)_2H_2{[Cu(2,2'-bipy)_2]_2(P_2W_(18)O_(62))}·5H_2O 1(dpdo = 4,4'-bipyridine-N,N'-dioxide; 2,2'-bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine),has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses,IR,TG analyses,cyclic voltammetry,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Compound 1 is built up of[P_2W_(18)O_(62)]~(6-) cluster as the structural motif covalently linked by[Cu(2,2'-bipy)_2]~(2+) coordination complexes to yield the 1D chains,which are further in close cont...     

Sm3+掺杂CaO-SiO2-B2O3发光玻璃的制备、表征及性质

用高温固相法合制备了以CaO-SiO₂-B₂O₃为基质，Sm³⁺为激活离子的发光玻璃。对Sm³⁺的淬灭浓度、基质中的硼硅比例、其他稀土离子的敏化作用以及基质组成等因素对玻璃发光特性的影响进行了探讨，并用红外和X-衍射分析对样品的结构进行了表征。结果表明：当Sm^3＋掺杂的物质的量分数为1.2%,激发波长λ ＝ 404 nm时,玻璃体60CaO-20SiO₂-20B₂O₃∶1.2Sm^3＋的发光强度为4 838 A.U.( λ ＝ 606 nm );这种发光玻璃具有将紫外及近紫外光转换为橙红色光的特点。少量的Eu^3＋的掺入，对玻璃体的发光起敏化作用；玻璃体中的组分CaO可被ZnO替代。     

Sm2O3Ga2O3 and Gd2O3Ga2O3 phase diagrams

Four definite compounds exist in the Sm₂O₃Ga₂O₃ binary phase diagram, namely: Sm₃GaO₆, Sm₄Ga₂O₉, SmGaO₃, and Sm₃Ga₅O₁₂. The $\text{3}\text{1}$ compound is orthorhombic (space group Pnna - Z.4) with the cell parameters: a = 11.40₀Å, b = 5.51₅Å, c = 9.07Å and belongs to the oxysel family. Sm₃GaO₆ and SmGaO₃ melt incongruently at 1715 and 1565°C; Sm₄Ga₂O₉ and Sm₃Ga₅O₁₂ have a congruent melting point at 1710 and 1655°C. With regard to the Gd₂O₃Ga₂O₃ system three definite compounds have been identified: Gd₃GaO₆, Gd₄Ga₂O₉, and Gd₃Ga₅O₁₂. Only the garnet melts congruently at 1740°C with the following composition: Gd_3.12Ga_4.88O₁₂. Gd₃GaO₆, and Gd₄Ga₂O₉ melt incongruently at 1760 and 1700°C. GdGaO₃ is only obtained by melt overheating which may yield an equilibrium or a metastable phase diagram.     

Cu-MOF催化过氧化氢应用于多巴胺的检测

本文利用一种具有H_2O_2催化活性的Cu-MOF[Cu_3(BTC)_2(H_2O)_3,简称HKUST-1],构建了以邻苯二胺(OPD)为颜色指示分子的比色传感体系,实现了对H_2O_2和多巴胺(DA)的快速灵敏检测。HKUST-1起到催化H_2O_2氧化OPD的作用,反应体系能够呈现出显著的颜色变化。在优化条件下,415nm处的吸收峰强度与H_2O_2浓度呈双线性关系,线性范围分别为10~50 mmol/L和50~100 mmol/L,相对标准偏差分别为0.9947和0.9995,最低检出限为1.29mmol/L。由于DA能抑制H_2O_2氧化OPD,因此比色传感体系还可以用于快速检测DA,线性范围分别为0.25~5μmol/L和2.5~25μmol/L,相对标准偏差分别为0.9783和0.9705,最低检出限为0.262μmol/L。该项工作拓展了Cu-MOFs材料在生物分子催化和生物传感方面的应用。     

Evolution and characterization of fluorite-like nano-SrBi2Nb2O9 phase in the SrO-Bi2O3-Nb2O5-Li2B4O7 glass system

Transparent glasses of various compositions in the system (100−x)Li₂B₄O₇−x(SrO-Bi₂O₃-Nb₂O₅) (where x=10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60, in molar ratio) were fabricated via splat quenching technique. The glassy nature of the as-quenched samples was established by differential thermal analyses. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopic studies confirmed the amorphous nature of the as-quenched and crystallinity in the heat-treated samples. Fluorite phase formation prior to the perovskite SrBi₂Nb₂O₉ phase was analyzed by both the XRD and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Dielectric and the optical properties (transmission, optical band gap and Urbach energy) of these samples have been found to be compositional dependent. Refractive index was measured and compared with the values predicted by Wemple-Didomemenico and Gladstone-Dale relations. The glass nanocomposites comprising nanometer-sized crystallites of fluorite phase were found to be nonlinear optic active.     

Garnet-perovskite transformations in the Sm2O3Ga2O3 and Gd2O3Ga2O3 systems

The effect of heating garnet melts to various temperatures has been investigated. The previously reported decomposition of the garnet phase due to loss of Ga₂O₃ was corroborated. However, it was also observed that when gallium oxide loss is prevented and the maximum temperature of the melt exceeds a critical value, phase separation of garnet to perovskite and β-gallium oxide occurs:

$\text{RE}{}_3\text{Ga}{}_5\text{O}{}_{12}\text{?3RE}\text{GaO}{}_3\text{+}\text{Ga}{}_2\text{O}{}_3$

.The reverse reaction will occur by reheating the two-phase mixture to the garnet melting point.     

Polymorphism in the Sc2Si2O7-Y2Si2O7 system

This paper examines the structural changes with temperature and composition in the Sc₂Si₂O₇-Y₂Si₂O₇ system; members of this system are expected to form in the intergranular region of Si₃N₄ and SiC structural ceramics when sintered with the aid of Y₂O₃ and Sc₂O₃ mixtures. A set of different compositions have been synthesized using the sol-gel method to obtain a xerogel, which has been calcined at temperatures between 1300 and 1750 °C during different times. The temperature-composition diagram of the system, obtained from powder XRD data, is dominated by the β-RE₂Si₂O₇ polymorph, with γ-RE₂Si₂O₇ and δ-RE₂Si₂O₇ showing very reduced stability fields. Isotherms at 1300 and 1600 °C have been analysed in detail to evaluate the solid solubility of the components. Although, the XRD data show a complete solid solubility of β-Sc₂Si₂O₇ in β-Y₂Si₂O₇ at 1300 °C, the ²⁹Si MAS-NMR spectra indicate a local structural change at x ca. 1.15 (Sc_2−xY_xSi₂O₇) related to the configuration of the Si tetrahedron, which does not affect the long-range order of the β-RE₂Si₂O₇ structure. Finally, it is interesting to note that, although Sc₂Si₂O₇ shows a unique stable polymorph (β), Sc³⁺ is able to replace Y³⁺ in γ-Y₂Si₂O₇ in the compositional range 1.86?x?2 (where x is Sc_2−xY_xSi₂O₇) as well as in δ-Y₂Si₂O₇ for compositions much closer to the pure Y₂Si₂O₇.     

Thermodynamics of CoAl2O4-CoGa2O4 solid solutions

CoAl₂O₄, CoGa₂O₄, and their solid solution Co(Ga_zAl_1−z)₂O₄ have been studied using high temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry in molten 2PbO·B₂O₃ at 973 K. There is an approximately linear correlation between lattice parameters, enthalpy of formation from oxides, and the Ga content. The experimental enthalpy of mixing is zero within experimental error. The cation distribution parameters are calculated using the O’Neill and Navrotsky thermodynamic model. The enthalpies of mixing calculated from these parameters are small and consistent with the calorimetric data. The entropies of mixing are calculated from site occupancies and compared to those for a random mixture of Ga and Al ions on octahedral site with all Co tetrahedral and for a completely random mixture of all cations on both sites. Despite a zero heat of mixing, the solid solution is not ideal in that activities do not obey Raoult's Law because of the more complex entropy of mixing.     

Solubility in the Na2Cr2O7-(NH4)2Cr2O7-K2Cr2O7-H2O system

Solubility in the Na₂Cr₂O₇-(NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇-K₂Cr₂O₇-H₂O four-component water-salt system at 25, 50, and 75°C was studied for the first time. Phase field boundaries for individual salts and potassium and ammonium dichromate solid solutions, monovariant lines, and invariant points were determined. Experimental data were used to optimize the looped isohydric process of potassium dichromate preparation involving additional salts.