H+BrCH_3体系反应动力学的准经典轨迹研究

本文在推广LEPS势能面上用准经典轨迹理论方法计算了20000条碰撞轨迹,得到各种散射通道的几率和速度常数,讨论了振动增强、通道竞争、振动绝热性、质量组合及角动量耦合等重要动力学效应,并建立了它们与势能面性质之间的联系。据此判断该反应按直接型回弹机理进行并可满意地解释交叉分子束实验观测到的不对称性产物角分布。     

多原子反应体系的高精度拟合势能面

本文介绍了近几年来我们组构建多原子反应体系的高精度拟合势能面的进展。我们基于神经网络(NN)方法,成功构建了多原子气相分子体系和气相分子在金属表面解离的一系列势能面。这些势能面的拟合精度相当高,并且经过了严格的量子动力学测试,能广泛应用到动力学研究中。我们还提出了一种新的置换不变势能面的拟合方法,即基本不变量神经网络方法(FI-NN)。基本不变量的使用极大地减少了神经网络输入层多项式的个数,有效提高了势能面的计算速度。     

化学反应的高精度从头算势能面

势能面是化学反应动力学研究的基础。近年来随着理论方法的发展与计算技术的进步,不但含三、四个原子反应体系的电子基态势能面的构建精度进一步提高,一些反应体系的多电子态耦合势能面的构建和含六个原子以上反应体系的高维从头算势能面的构建也取得了重要进展。本文结合若干典型体系势能面的构建工作,主要介绍了高精度电子基态势能面,包括Renner-Teller、旋轨耦合等非绝热效应的耦合势能面以及高维势能面方面的研究进展。     

基于神经网络的分子体系势能面构造

本文介绍了近年来使用神经网络构造分子体系势能面的进展,在以前的研究基础上完善了一套完整的分子构型选择方案,在严格的势能面评价标准下,完全解决了势能面构造过程中分子构型选择的难题.基于此方法,采用一系列拟合技巧,结合大量反应动力学计算,成功构造了一系列重要体系的高精度从头算势能面,并能得到可靠的化学动力学结果.     

聚合物链构象的研究I: 1,2-聚丁二烯的构象分析

本文应用Flory的链分子统计理论研究1,2-聚丁二烯的链构象,选择固定键长和键角的分子模型,计算构象能,构成势能面图,并由势能面的构型积分,得到了表征1,2-聚丁二烯链构象特征的统计权重矩阵.     

Non-Condon电子转移速率理论与含时波包方法

随着电子转移理论在化学、材料科学、生物医学等领域的广泛应用,人们针对不同体系提出了多种电子转移理论模型。本文主要总结了近年来我们在non-Condon电子转移理论以及含时波包方法等方面的相关工作。首先阐述包含non-Condon效应的电子转移速率理论并用于二噻吩四硫富瓦烯有机半导体迁移率的计算。而后介绍了包含量子相干效应的含时波包方法,并初步用于研究二聚芴分子三三态能量转移过程。另外,本文还阐述了如何采用量子化学计算获得电子转移速率的结构参数。     

聚合物链构象的研究 Ⅰ.1,2-聚丁二烯的构象分析

本文应用Flory的链分子统计理论研究1,2-聚丁二烯的链构象,选择固定键长和键角的分子模型,计算构象能,构成势能面图,并由势能面的构型积分,得到了表征1,2-聚丁二烯链构象特征的统计权重矩阵.     

OCS电子基态势能面与振动光谱的理论研究

本文采用键长-键角内标系下的自洽场-组态相互作用方法精确计算了OCS分子的振动高激发态能级,并结合实验观测到的振动能级利用非线性最小二乘法优化电子基态势能函数中的势能参数。由优化所得的势能面计算出的振动激发态能级与50个实验观测到的振动能级比较,标准偏差为0.08cm^-^1。此外,还用该势能面计算了OCS同位素分子的振动能级,计算结果与实验值也十分吻合。     

含时波包法研究RbI光电子能谱的脉冲延迟效应

利用含时波包方法模拟不同泵浦-探测延迟时间下RbI分子1+3多光子电离时间分辨光电子能谱(TRPES). 模拟过程同时考虑了三光子电离过程和自电离过程. 计算结果表明, 泵浦-探测延迟时间的改变会影响光电子能谱(PES)的形状, 而这种影响实质上是由于强场的存在改变了相关势能面的位置以及势能面之间的交叉所导致的.     

化学反应中的几何相效应

锥形交叉可以通过几何相效应影响核动力学.在过去的一些年里关于锥形交叉的理论有大量的发展和进步,本文综述了分子反应动力学领域针对几何相效应研究的一些理论成果.介绍了分子反应动力学中与几何相效应直接相关的一些最新成果,同时也对这些重要结果进行了解释.我们相信几何相效应将会在非绝热化学中发挥最重要的作用.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.