氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定面粉中的铅

利用AFS-920双道原子荧光光度计，采用氢化物-原子荧光法测定面粉中的铅含量，通过试验确定了仪器工作参数，载气、屏蔽气流量，介质和掩蔽剂的用量等。该法测定食品中铅含量的相对标准偏差为0.5％（n=11），检出限为0．1ng／mL。铅的浓度在0～40ng／mL与荧光强度呈线性关系，相关系数大于0.999。该法的加标回收率为95．0％～105．0％。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定绞股蓝中痕量铅

建立了以重铬酸钾为氧化剂、碱性铁氰化钾为络合剂, 丙二酸为掩蔽剂, 在盐酸介质中进行铅的氢化物发生的反应体系. 样品经HNO3-H2O2体系高压消解后, 采用断续流动氢化物发生器, 对测定铅的各种条件进行了优化和探讨. 在选定条件下, 方法检出限为3.76×10-7 g/L, 线性范围为0.01～2.00 ×10-4 g/L, 相对标准偏差为1.3%. 方法用于绞股蓝中铅的测定, 回收率为90.5%～101.4%.     

氢化物原子荧光法测定中草药中痕量铅

提出了以重铬酸钾为氧化剂、碱性铁氰化钾为络合剂 ,在柠檬酸介质中进行铅的氢化物发生反应。采用断续流动氢化物发生器 ,对原子荧光法测定痕量铅的条件进行了系统研究 ,并考察了共存元素的干扰情况。在最佳测试条件下 ,测得铅的检出限 (3σ)为 0 .19μg·L- 1,相对标准偏差为 0 .92 %。应用于中草药中痕量铅的测定 ,回收率为 95 .1%～ 10 9.5 % ,结果满意     

EDTA滴定法测定再生锌原料中的锌含量

采用氟化铵-盐酸-硝酸-硫酸分解样品,氨水沉淀分离铁、锰、铅等共存元素,滤液中加入掩蔽剂掩蔽少量干扰元素,在pH=5～6的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,以二甲酚橙为指示剂,用EDTA标准滴定溶液滴定。测得结果为锌、镉合量,扣除镉量,即为锌量。方法用于测定再生锌原料中锌,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为0.15%～1.0%。按照实验方法对再生锌原料样品进行加标回收实验,回收率为99.1%～102%。能满足日常对再生锌原料中锌含量的检测要求。     

用二甲酚橙显色快速测定植物叶上的铅含量

由于环境的污染 (汽车尾气的排放 ) ,植物叶面(树叶、菜叶 )上附有铅。铅是一种蓄积性毒物 ,过量铅对人体有很大危害[1] ,常见测定铅的方法为双硫腙显色、氰化钾掩蔽[2 ] ,该方法灵敏、选择性好 ,但引入高毒物氰化钾又导致环境污染。经试验发现植物表面上的铅在 0 .1 mol· L-1硝酸中摇动而溶解[3 ] ,在 p H值为 4.5～ 5.4条件下 ,铅与二甲酚橙形成稳定 1∶ 1红色络合物 ,这种络合物在波长为 580 .0 nm处有最大吸收 ,表观摩尔吸光系数为 1 .55× 1 0 4 ,在此酸度下 ,当掩蔽剂邻二氮菲存在时可不经分离和萃取直接测定植物叶面上的铅 ,其它离…     

铅阳极泥湿法冶金物料中微量银的快速测定——乳酸-EDTA-双硫腙比色法

双硫腙褪色法测定微量银已被广泛应用,但对高铅、锑、砷物料一般仍采用火试金及化学法富集消除共存元素的干扰。本文采用乳酸-EDTA掩蔽共存元素的干扰,在pH4—5的乙酸-乙酸钠介质中加入过量一定量的双硫腙四氯化碳溶液,萃取,光电比色测定过量双硫腙并换算出银量。试验表明,在20毫升乳酸(1 3)及5毫升20?TA溶液联合掩蔽剂存在下,下列元素(毫克)Cu(300);Sb(150);Pb(100);As(15);Sn(10);Fe、Te(5);Zn(0.25);Tl(0.20);Pt(0.01);Au、In(0.005);     

复杂高铋物料中铅的Na2EDTA滴定法测定

复杂高铋物料中,铋、砷、锑、锡四元素含量高且共存时会影响铅的测定。特别是铋含量高时对铅的测定影响大。实验用EDTA—酒石酸联合掩蔽铋、砷、锑、锡,在稀硫酸介质中以硫酸钾为沉淀剂,使铅生成硫酸铅钾复盐沉淀而与铋、砷、锑、锡、铁、铜、锌、铝、钴、镍等干扰离子分离,沉淀以乙酸-乙酸钠浸取,二甲酚橙为指示剂,Na2EDTA滴定法测定铅。试验进一步优化了测定条件,确定最佳条件：硫酸（1 1）加入量为7mL、硫酸钾用量为5g、煮沸时为5min、沉淀陈化时间为2h、EDTA 50g/L 加入量为10mL、酒石酸用量为0.5g,铅的回收率99.70% ～100.65%。将实验方法应用于测定复杂高铋物料中铅,标样BY0111-1与给定值一致,相对标准偏差（n=11）RSD 0.20%～0.23%,满足生产测试要求。     

ICP-MS法测定镍基单晶高温合金DD416中的镓、锡、锑、铅、铋

建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定镍基单晶高温合金DD416中镓、锡、锑、铅、铋元素的含量。以盐酸–硝酸(体积比3∶1)混合酸为消解剂,利用微波消解仪消解样品,以Rh(10μg/L)为内标元素。镓的线性范围为0～50μg/g,锡、锑、铅的线性范围为0～20μg/g,铋的线性范围为0～2μg/g,线性相关系数均大于0.999,检出限分别为0.01,0.2,0.1,0.07,0.006μg/g。用该方法对标准物质进行测定,测定结果与标准值之间的相对误差在7.7%～22.7%范围内。样品加标回收率为98.2%～108.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.1%～1.5%(n=5)。该方法可以快速、准确地对镍基单晶高温合金DD416中镓、锡、锑、铅、铋元素进行同时测定。     

硫酸铅分离-EDTA滴定法测定铜闪速冶炼烟尘中的铅

建立了用硫酸形成硫酸铅沉淀加以分离,再用EDTA络合滴定法测定铜闪速冶炼烟尘中铅量的方法。试样用盐酸、硝酸、硫酸、氟化氢铵和高氯酸溶解,用硫酸沉淀铅与其它干扰元素分离,沉淀溶解于乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,以巯基乙酸掩蔽铋,抗坏血酸掩蔽铁,二甲酚橙作指示剂,用Na2EDTA标准滴定溶液滴定溶液中铅含量,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定滤液中铅含量加以补正。实验结果表明,沉淀时硫酸(1+24)加入量为50mL,无水乙醇加入量为10mL,乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液加入量为30mL。方法相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.35%～1.5%,加标回收率为在99.0%～101%。完全满足生产控制分析的要求,同时也可以作为类似物料中铅分析的参考方法。     

ICP-MS法测定铅栅板中微量及杂质成分

用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）法直接测定铅栅板中钙、锡、铝、锑、银、铋、铁、锌、镍、镉、铜、砷等12种元素含量。样品用硝酸（1＋2）溶解后，用硫酸作沉淀剂，95％～98%的铅以生成PbSO4的形式沉淀，降低了测量过程中的铅离子强度，得到了较低的检出限。加入适量的盐酸，有效地防止了锡、锑等元素的水解。选择适当的同位素，克服了测定过程中的质谱干扰，以元素^45Sc、^115In、^204Tl作内标，采用内标法有效地补偿了因基体效应、接口效应及仪器波动的影响。方法的加标回收率为93．2%～105．0%，相对标准偏差为2．0％～7．0％。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.